ASPIDIACEAE 



77 



both sides; pinnae 18-24 pairs, broadly linear to linear-lanceo- 

 late, 1-1.5 cm. wide, gradually long-acuminate, truncate at 

 base, sessile, pinnately cleft; pinnules broadly oblong to nar- 

 rowly ovate-oblong, 2-4 mm. wide, rounded at apex, crenate; 

 sori median or slightly nearer the margin than the vein; 



indusia orbicular-reniform, 0.5-0.7 mm. wide, pilose. 



Honshu (Izu Isls.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus, Formosa, 



China, Tropics of Asia, Africa, and Australia. 



5. Cyclosorus triphyllus (Sw.) Tard.-Bl. Meniscium 

 triphyUum Sw.; Phegopteris triphylla (Sw.) Mett.; Dryo- 

 ptcris triphylla (Sw.) C. Chr.; Abacopteris triphylla (Sw.) 

 Ching; M. simplex Hook.; Polypodium simplex (Hook.) 

 Lowe; Phegopteris simplex (Hook.) Mett.; D. simplex 



(Hook.) C. Chr. Komori-shida. Rhizomes slender, 



long-creeping, 2-3 mm. across, short-pilose, scaly toward tip, 

 black-brown; scales brown, linear-lanceolate, 2-5 mm. long, 

 entire, short-puberulent; stipes slender, straw-colored to pale 

 brown, scaly toward base, short-pilose especially on upper 

 portion, 7-20 cm. long in sterile fronds, to 40 cm. long in the 



fertile; blades with 1-3, rarely 5 simple pinnae; terminal pinna 

 of sterile blades thinly chartaceous, broadly lanceolate to 

 broadly oblong-lanceolate, 10-22 cm. long, 2.5-4 cm. wide, 

 long-acuminate, sometimes subcordate or rounded at base, 

 undulate or entire, pinnately veined, short-pilose on the costas 

 of both sides, the petiolule about 1 cm. long; terminal pinna of 

 fertile blades usually lanceolate; lateral pinnae of sterile and 

 fertile blades usually smaller, 1/4 to 1/3 as long as the 

 terminal pinna, sometimes gready reduced and adnate to the 

 base of die terminal pinna; veins obliquely spreading, parallel, 

 slighdy arcuate, raised especially beneath, the venation menis- 

 scioid, i.e. the opposite veinlets uniting and sending out an 

 excurrent veinlet, this often meeting the adjacent veinlets, 

 thus forming two rows of areoles between the main veins; 

 sori on the veinlets, linear to oblong, the sporangia with 1-3 

 hispid hairs (under magnification) ; indusia absent. Kyu- 

 shu (Yakushima).—— Ryukyus, Formosa, s. China to India, 

 Malaysia to Australia. 



16. DICTYOCLINE Moore Ami-shida Zoku 



Terrestrial, pilose ferns; rhizomes short, ascending, dictyostelic; scales on rhizomes and lower part of stipes narrow, dark 

 brown, ciliate; blades deltoid-ovate, pinnarifid to pinnate; pinnae entire, chartaceous-herbaceous, with somewhat irregular 

 goniopteroid or meniscioid venation; veins sometimes branched and anastomosing to form 3 or 4 rows of areoles between the 

 costas; sori elongate, on the veins; indusia absent. One species, Japan to India. 



1. Dictyocline griffithii Moore var. wilfordii (Hook.) 15-30 cm. long, 10-18 cm. wide, acuminate to acute, with a 



Moore. Hemionitis wilfordii Hook.; D. wilfordii (Hook.) pair of distinct sessile pinnae at base, these narrowly oblong- 



J. Smith; D. griffithii var. pinnatifida (Hook.) Bedd.; Hemi- ovate, 1.5-2.5 cm. wide, obtuse to subacute, subentire, some- 



onitis griffithii var. pinnatifida Hook. Ami-shida. Rhi- times slighdy wider than the others, rounded at base on the 



zomes short<reeping; fronds dull with spreading hairs; stipes posterior side; rachis, costas, veins and veinlets prominent on 



15-30 cm. long, slender, straw-colored, dark brown and both sides; sporangia on the veinlets. Woods; Honshu (s. 



thinly scaly toward base; scales dark brown, linear-lanceolate, Kinki Distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus, Formosa. The 



4-6 mm. long, long-acuminate, loosely ciliate; blades thinly typical variety occurs in Formosa, China to India, 

 chartaceous, narrowly deltoid, simply pinnaticleft to lobulate, 



17. CYSTOPTERIS Bemh. Nayo-shida Zoku 



Terrestrial; rhizomes somewhat creeping, dictyostelic, with brown rather broad scales; fronds bipinnate or more compound, 



stipitate, glabrous or sparsely jwlise; veins free; sori round; indusia attached to the base, basiscopic, thin; paraphyses absent. 



Cosmopolitan, with about 18 species. 



lA. Pinnules obliquely cuncate, short-petiolulate; fronds nearly glabrous. 

 2A. Rhizomes short-creeping, the fronds numerous, clustered; basal scales broadly lanceolate to linear, acuminate; blades oblong to ob- 

 long-ovate, much longer than broad, not broadest at base 1. C. fragilis 



2B. Rhizomes slender, long-creeping, the fronds remote; basal scales ovate, acute; blades deltoid to deltoid-ovate, broadest at base. 



2. C. sudetica 

 IB. Pinnules truncate at base, sessile; fronds sparsely pubescent. 



3A. Pinnae obliquely spreading, sparsely pubescent on both sides 3. C. japonica 



3B. Pinnae horizontally spreading, densely pubescent on both sides 4. C. tenuisecta 



1. Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. Polypodium fragile gin; sori on upper portion of the simple veinlets; indusia 



L.; Athyrium fragile (L.) Spreng. ^Nayo-shida. Rhi- thinly membranous, whitish, nearly orbicular to ovate-lanceo- 



zomes short-creeping, densely covered with the basal stubs of late. Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. distr.), Shikoku 



old stipes; fronds deciduous; stipes 3-10(-18) cm. long, tufted, (Mount Tsurugi in Awa Prov.). Sakhalin, Kuriles, Korea, 



straw-colored, brown and rather densely scaly at base; scales Formosa (alpine), and the colder regions and mountains of 



broadly lanceolate to linear, acuminate, pale brown, entire; the N. and S. Hemispheres. 



blades thinly membranous, oblong to oblong-ovate, 7-18 cm. 2. Cystopteris sudetica A. Br. & Milde. C. lencosoria 



long, 2-6 cm. wide, acuminate to acute, bipinnatiparted to Schur Yama-hime-warabi. Rhizomes slender, long- 



bipinnate, not broadened at base, nearly glabrous; pinnae ovate creeping, 1.5-2 mm. across, sparsely scaly, remote; stipes 

 to broadly lanceolate, sometimes the lowest deltoid-ovate, 10-20 cm. long, slender, straw-colored, smooth, lustrous, with 

 6-12 mm. wide, acute to obtuse, short-petiolulate; pinnules few scales toward the dark brown base, very sparsely so 

 oblong to obovate, 3-8 mm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, obtuse, above; scales ovate, acute; blades deltoid to deltoid-ovate, 

 sessile, usually more or less decurrent on posterior side at 10-15 cm. long, 7-12 cm. wide, acuminate, glabrous or some- 

 base, few-toothed to lobulate; veinlets not reaching the mar- times with scattered hairlike scales on the rachises; pinnae 



