80 



ASPIDIACEAE 



48A. Most of the ultimate pinnules pinnately cleft to parted. 



49A. Sori more or less median to subcostal, near middle of the veinlets; blades usually brownish green to 

 green when dried. 

 50A. Stipes prominently scaly at base; ultimate pinnules broadly lanceolate to narrowly oblong, 2-3 mm. 



wide 42. /4. nagantimaniim 



50B. Stipes sparsely scaly at base; ultimate pinnules ellipitic to oblong, 3.5-5 mm. wide. 



51A. Ultimate pinnules remote 43. A. bittyuense 



51B. Ultimate pinnules close 44. /4. nipponicola 



49B. Sori along the costas on lower half of veinlets; blades brownish green when dried. . . 45. A. doederleinii 

 48B. Most of the ultimate pinnules coarsely toothed to pinnately lobed. 



52A. Sori near middle of the veinlets, short to elongate; blades herbaceous-chartaceous; ultimate pinnules 

 rarely to 10 cm. long. 



53A. Scales at base of stipes withering, fugacious, brown, nearly smooth on margin 46. A. hachijoensc 



53B. Scales at base of stipes persistent, nearly black, prominently spinulose 47. A. virescens 



52B. Sori on lower half of the veinlets; blades thinly chartaceous; pinnules (3-) 5-20 cm. long; scales at base 

 of stipes more or less persistent, fuscous, linear, about 1 cm. long, about 1 mm. wide, spinulose- 



ciliolate 48. /4. maximum 



47B. Blades simply pinnate. 



54A. Veins nearly at right angles to the costa; sori subequal in length, asplenioid 49. A. petri 



54B. Veins forming an obtuse angle to the costa; sori unequal in length, the sorus of lowest veinlet longest and 



nearly always diplazioid 50. A. mettenianum 



45B. Sori orbicular or reniform, sometimes obovate; indusia reniform or obovate; pinnae aristate-toothed, the upper ones 

 strongly decurrent; blades simply pinnate 51. ^. sheareri 



1. Athyrium decurrentialatum (Hook.) Copel. Di- pteris crenulatoserrulata (Makino) C. Chr.; Cornopteris crenu- 



plazium decurrentialatum (Hook.) C. Chr.; Gymnogramme latoserrulata (Makino) Nakai Ippon-warabi, O-miyama- 



decurrentialata Hook.; Dryopteris decurrentialata (Hook.) C. inu-waraei. Rhizomes creeping; stipes usually as long as 

 Chr.; Cornopteris decurrentialata (Hook.) Nakai; D. hoo\- the blades, distinctly scaly especially toward the base, straw- 

 erianum Koidz.; C. opaca Tagawa, sensu auct. Japon., excl. colored, greenish; scales pale brown, membranous, broadly to 

 basion. Shikechi-shida. Rhizomes creeping, very thinly narrowly lanceolate, 5-10 mm. long; blades nearly mem- 

 scaly; fronds glabrous, 30-70 cm. long; stipes usually shorter branous, deltoid, 25-40 cm. long, nearly as wide, bipinnati- 

 than the blades, pale green to straw-green, purplish, sparsely parted, thinly short-hairy on the costas of segments beneath, 

 scaly; scales thinly membranous, narrowly to broadly lanceo- sometimes also on the rachis of pinnae beneath; pinnae 6-8 

 late, sometimes narrowly ovate, 4-5 mm. long, pale brown, pairs, nearly opposite, narrowly oblong, 10-25 cm. long, 

 entire, deciduous; blades membranous, deltoid-ovate to oblong- acuminate, the upper ones smaller, the lowest pinnae broader, 

 ovate, 25-40 cm. long, 17-30 cm. wide, bipinnatiparted, or ovate-oblong, with a much-reduced pinnule near base, sub- 

 sometimes in lower part bipinnate, grayish green, slightly sessile or the petiolules 1-2 cm. long; pinnules oblong to 

 brownish when dried; pinnae 6-9 pairs, nearly opposite, broadly lanceolate, 1-2 cm. wide, acuminate to acute, very 

 spreading, broadly lanceolate, 2.5-5 cm. wide, sessile or sub- short-petiolulate or sessile, pinnatiparted, the ultimate pinnules 

 sessile, acuminate; pinnules oblong to ovate-oblong, 2-3.5 cm. oblong, 4-8 mm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, obtuse, toothed; sori 

 long, 5-10 mm. wide, obtuse to rounded or subacute, usually rounded, 2-5 on each side of the pinnules, fuscous-brown, 



decurrent on the broadly winged rachis, obsoletely toothed, about 1 mm. across, naked. Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and 



entire or sometimes lobulate to parted; sori linear, naked, 1-3 n. distr.). Korea and Manchuria. 



mm. long, often forked. Honshu (Ugo Prov., Kanto Distr. 4. Athyrium fluviale (Hayata) C. Chr. Dryopteris 



and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu; rather common. s. Korea, fluvialis Hayata; D. athyriiformis Rosenst.; Cornopteris flu- 



Formosa, and China. vialis (Hayata) Tagawa; C. tashiroi Tagawa; A. tagawae 



Var. pilosellum (H. Ito) Ohwi. Cornopteris decmrentia- C. Chr. Hosoea-shikechi-shida, Oba-miyama-inu-warabi. 



lata Nakai var. pilosella H. Ito; Diplazium christensenianum Rhizomes ascending, with the basal stubs of old stipes toward 



Koidz.; C. christenseniana (Koidz.) Tagawa; C. musashien- the tip; stipes rather slender, brownish green, glabrous, thinly 



sis Nakai; A. musashiense (Nakai) C. Chr. Takao- scaly toward base; scales membranous, broadly lanceolate to 



shikechi-shida. With multicellular hairs on stipes, rachis, narrowly deltoid-ovate, 2-4 mm. long, brown, crisped, de- 



and on the underside of blade. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, ciduous; blades narrowly deltoid, 20-30 cm. long, 15-25 cm. 



2. Athyrium hakonense (Makino) C. Chr. Cornopteris wide, short-acuminate, 3-pinnatiparted, blackened when dry, 

 ha\onensis (Makino) Nakai; A. crenulatoserrulatum forma slightly glaucescent beneath, thinly puberulous while very 



ha\onense Makino Hakone-shikechi-shida. Resembles young; pinnae 6-8 pairs, the lower opposite, 7-13 cm. long, 



the preceding species, differing chiefly in shorter sori; fronds 3-6 cm. wide, acuminate, spreading, subsessile, the median 



glabrous, the costas often short-hairy on the underside of the ones not contracted at base, the lowest pinnae contracted at 



ultimate pinnules; blades ovate-deltoid, bipinnate; pinnules base, short-petiolulate; pinnules oblong, 15-40 mm. long, 7-15 



oblong-ovate, 2-4 cm. long, 7-12 mm. wide, acute to obtuse, mm. wide, acute to obtuse, sessile, pinnatiparted, the ultimate 



truncate at base, sessile or very slightly adnate to the scarcely pinnules oblong, rounded at apex, obsoletely toothed to lobu- 



winged rachis, lobulate to parted, obsoletely toothed; sori late; sori 3-8 in 2 series on each pinnule, rounded, naked, less 



elliptic, median, about 1 mm. long. Honshu (Kanto to s. than 1 mm. across, brown. Mountains; Kyushu (Yaku- 



Kinki Distr.) ; rather rare. shima). ^Formosa and Bonins. 



3. Athyrium crenulatoserrulatum Makino. Dryo- 5. Athyrium viridifrons Makino var. okuboanum (Ma- 



