ASPIDIACEAE 



87 



toward the tip; blades herbaceous, glabrous, deltoid, 15-30 

 cm. long and as wide or slightly wider than long, acuminate, 

 bipinnatiparted, the rachis sparsely scaly; pinnae 4 to 5 pairs, 

 the lowest ones largest, opposite, spreading, 10-20 cm. long, 

 5-10 cm. wide, distincdy petiolulate, slightly broader on the 

 posterior side than on the anterior, acuminate, the uppermost 

 pinnae smaller; pinnules equilateral, ovate to broadly lanceo- 

 late, 1.5-3.5(-5) cm. long, 7-15 mm. wide, acute to obtuse, 

 sessile or very short-petiolulate, regularly pinnatiparted, die 

 ultimate pinnules oblong, 5-8 mm. long, 4-5 mm. wide, cre- 

 nately toothed, decurrent to the costule; indusia broadly linear 

 to lanceolate, 1-3 mm. long, solitary, rarely forked above or 



diplazioid, erose-dentate. Woods in mountains; Hokkaido, 



Honshu (centr. and n. distr.). Korea. The typical phase 



occurs from Europe to Siberia, China, Manchuria, Korea, and 

 Sakhalin. 



39. Athyrium squamigerum (Mett.) Ohwi. Asplenium 

 squamigerum Mett.; Diplazium squamigerum (Mett.) Matsu- 



mura Kiyotaki-shida. Rhizomes short, ascending, 



densely covered with the persistent stubs of old sdpes; sUpes 

 15-35 cm. long, straw-colored to pale green, often slighdy 

 brownish and prominently scaly especially toward the base; 

 scales rather firm, lustrous, black-brown, broadly linear to 

 lanceolate, 8-12 mm. long, 1-1.5 mm. wide, loosely spinulose 

 toward the tip; blades thinly herbaceous, deltoid, 30-50 cm. 

 long, and as wide, bipinnate, the rachis usually scaly; pinnae 

 5-7 pairs, broadly lanceolate, equilateral, 20-30 cm. long, 

 acuminate, not or scarcely contracted at base, petiolulate in the 

 lower ones; pinnules equilateral, narrowly deltoid-ovate to ob- 

 long, 2-A cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. wide, rounded to obtuse, the 

 larger ones acute to acuminate, short-petiolulate to sessile, 

 pinnatilobed to shallowly parted; ultimate pinnules rounded to 

 elliptic, rarely oblong, 4-6 mm. wide, rounded, obsoletely 

 crenate; sori costal and subcostal, 1 to few on a pinnule, rather 

 unequal in length, ascending; indusia linear to broadly so, 

 (2-) 3-4 (-6) mm. long, subentire, solitary, nearly straight to 



slighdy curved, rarely diplazioid or forked. Woods in 



mountains; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Formosa, China, 



and n. India. 



40. Athyrium procerum Milde. Asplenium procerum 

 Wall, ex C. B. Clarke; Asplenium umbrosum var. procerum 

 (Milde) Hook. & Bak.; Diplazium umbrosum var. procerujn 

 (Milde) Bedd.; D. \awalfamii Hayata; Athyrium \awa\amii 



(Hayata) C. Chr.; A. allanticarpum Rosenst. Ao-iga-wara- 



Bi. Rhizomes creeping; stipes rather stout, 40-60 cm. long, 

 scabrous, brown; scales black-brown, dense, 3-4 mm. long, 

 deflexed; blades herbaceous, broadly ovate, 40-80 cm. long, 

 30-60 cm. wide, acuminate, 3-pinnate to 3-pinnatiparted; pin- 

 nae 7-10 pairs, equilateral, the upper ones gradually reduced, 

 alternate, narrowly oblong-ovate, the lower ones 40-45 cm. 

 long, acuminate, not contracted at base, distincdy petiolu- 

 late; pinnules 4-10 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 cm. wide; ultimate 

 pinnules oblique, oblong-ovate to oblong, 6-20 mm. long, 4-8 

 mm. wide, acute t rounded, mucronate, entire or toothed to 

 pinnatilobed, sessile, often slightly decurrent on the rachis; 

 sori costal, 5-12 on each pinnule, ascending, linear; indusia ob- 

 long, solitary, straight, about 1.5 mm. long. Kyushu (Yaku- 



shima) ; rare. Formosa to India. 



Var. subglabratum (Tagawa) Tagawa. Diplazium kawa- 



kamii var. subglabratum Tagawa Usuge-ao-iga-waraei. 



Stipes and rachis sparsely scaly. Kyushu (Yakushima). 



41. Athyrium esculentum (Retz.) Copel. Hemionitis 

 esculenta Retz.; Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw.; Asple- 

 nium esculentum (Retz.) Prcsl; Anisogonium esculentum 



(Retz.) Presl; D. malabaricum Spreng. Kuware-shida. 



Rhizomes creeping; stipes stout, pale brown, 25-40 cm. long, 

 scaly at base; scales membranous, linear-lanceolate, 6-10 mm. 

 long, about 1 mm. wide, spinulose; blades broadly ovatt, 

 40-100 cm. long, 30-70 cm. wide, bipinnate; pinnae 10-15 

 pairs, chartaceous, spreading, brownish, the larger ones ob- 

 long-lanceolate, 20-40 cm. long, 8-15 cm. wide, not con- 

 tracted at base, the upper pinnae simple, linear-lanceolate, 

 pinnately lobulate, the terminal pinna narrowly deltoid, 

 acuminate, pinnatilobed; pinnules lanceolate, 5-10 cm. long, 

 1-1.8 mm. wide, acuminate, truncate at base, obsoletely 

 toothed, lobulate, sessile to very short-petiolulate; veins 1 to 

 each lobule, pinnately branched, the lower veinlets fused at 

 apex to those of the adjacent vein; sori linear, on the lower 

 part of the veinlets, ascending, 1-A mm. long, straight or 

 slighdy curved; indusia early withering, very thin, solitary or 



diplazioid on some of the lowest veinlets. Kyushu (s. 



distr.). Ryukyus, Formosa, s. China, Indochina, Polynesia 



to Malaysia, India and Ceylon. 



42. Athyrium naganumanum (Makino) Ohwi. As- 

 plenium chinense Bak.; Diplazium chinense (Bak.) C. Chr.; 



D. naganumanum Makino; D. \oiamae Nakai Hikage- 



WARABi. Rhizomes short-creeping; stipes 30-40 cm. long, 

 rather stout, straw-colored or pale green to pale brown, sparsely 

 scaly on upper part, more densely so toward base; scales lanceo- 

 late, 5-7 mm. long, l-1.5(-2) mm. wide, black-brown, lustrous, 

 subentire; blades membranous, deltoid, 40-60 cm. long and 

 nearly as wide, acuminate, glabrous, 3-pinnate to 3-pinnati- 

 sect; pinnae 5-7 pairs, the lower usually opposite, spreading, 

 acuminate, petiolulate, the upper ones rather abruptly smaller, 

 the lowest pinnae largest, sUghtly oblique, narrowly ovate, 

 20-35 cm. long, 10-15 cm. wide, usually contracted at the base, 

 the others narrower, smaller, equilateral, not or scarcely con- 

 tracted at base; pinnules broadly lanceolate, 3-7 cm. long, 12-25 

 mm. wide, acuminate, short-petiolulate; ultimate pinnules 

 broadly lanceolate to narrowly oblong, 6-8 mm. long, 2-3 (^) 

 mm. wide, obtuse, toodied, sometimes lobulate, often slighdy 

 decurrent on the rachis; sori 4-10 on the ultimate pinnules, 

 ascending, linear, in 2 rows nearer the cosmle than the margin; 

 indusia 1-2 mm. long, linear, straight, the lower ones fre- 



quentiy diplazioid. Honshu (Kanto Distr. and Wakasa 



Prov. westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea (Quelpaert Isl.), 



China, and Indochina. 



43. Athyrium bittyuense (Tagawa) Ohwi. Diplazium 



bittyuense Tagawa Bitchu-hikage-warabi. Rhizomes 



creeping; stipes 35-40 cm. long, sparsely scaly and blackish 

 at base; scales membranous, lanceolate, 5-7 mm. long, 1-1.5 

 mm. wide, entire, fuscous; blades membranous, deltoid, 55-65 

 cm. long, 40-45 cm. wide, acuminate, glabrous, 3-pinnad- 

 parted; pinnae 7-10 pairs, equilateral, obliquely spreading, 

 broadly lanceolate, acuminate, to 40 cm. long; pinnules 4-6 cm. 

 long, 15-20 mm. wide, long caudate-acuminate, pinnatiparted; 

 pinnules elliptic to oblong, 3.5-5 mm. wide, obtuse to acute, 

 rather remote, toothed; sori narrowly oblong, about 2 mm. 



long, subcostular; indusia thin, entire, brownish. Honshu 



(Bitchu and Totomi Prov.). 



44. Athyrium nipponicola Ohwi. Diplazium nipponi- 

 cum Tagawa Oni-hikage-warabi. Rhizomes short-creep- 



