92 ASPLENIACEAE 



1. ASPLENIUM L. Tora-no-o-shida Zoku 



Terrestrial or epiphytic; rhizomes usually short-creeping, with clathrate scales; stipes not jointed; blades simple and entire 

 to decompound, glabrous or minutely scaly; veins usually forked, mosdy free; sori lengthwise along the veinlets; indusia on one 

 side of the sorus. Cosmopolitan, with about 700 species. 



lA. Blades compound. 



2A. Stipes, at least in the lower portion, black-brown, lustrous. 

 3A. Rhizomes long-creeping; pinnae membranous. 



4A. Pinnae somewhat dimidiate, pinnately veined only on anterior side; sori on the teeth; stipes rather close 1. A. cheilosorum 



4B. Pinnae not dimidiate, with veins mostly once forked on both sides except at the posterior base; sori dorsal; stipes remote. 



2. A. tinilaterale 

 3B. Rhizomes short; pinnae usually herbaceous. 



5A. Blades broadly linear to lanceolate, not at all broadened at base, simply pinnate (often 2- or 3-pinnate in No. 8). 

 6A. Pinnae very oblique, with an auricle on the anterior side at base. 



7A. Stipes slender, 0.6-1 mm. across; pinnae with few irregular coarse obtuse teeth; indusia 1-2 mm. long. 



3. A. oligophlebium 



7B. Stipes 1-2 mm. across; pinnae crenately toothed; indusia 1-4 mm. long 4. A. normale 



6B. Pinnae nearly equilateral. 



8A. Rachis dark brown throughout. 



9A. Rachis obtuse on back, without gemmae 5. A. trichomanes 



9B. Rachis with 3 brown narrow wings, sometimes gemmate in upper part 6. A. tripteropus 



8B. Rachis brown only on lower part. 



lOA. Teeth of the pinnae obtuse; fronds uniform, the pinnae 3-6 mm. long T. A. viride 



lOB. Teeth of the pinnae mucronate; fronds often more or less dimorphic, the pinnae 6—35 mm. long i. A. incisum 



5B. Blades narrowly deltoid, bipinnate in lower portion, the lowest pinnae largest 9. A. coenobiale 



2B. Stipes green throughout, rarely brown at base, dull. 

 11 A. Sori solitary on the 1 -veined ultimate pinnules. 

 12A. Fronds at most 30 cm. long. 



13A. Blades lanceolate, the rachis prolonged, rooting and forming a plantlet at the tip; pinnae usually simply pinnate. 



10.^. prolongatum 

 13B. Blades ovate to broadly so, the tail at tip 1—4 cm. long, not gemmate; lower pinnae bipinnate to bipinnatiparted. 



II. A. ritoense 



12B. Fronds large, 50-100 cm. long 12. A. trigonoptenim 



IIB. Sori few to many on the few- to many-veined ultimate pinnules. 

 14 A. Pinnae less than 7 cm. long. 



15A. Pinnules oblong to oblanceolate or obovate, sparsely toothed or lobed; fronds relatively large, (10-) 20-60 cm. long. 

 16A. Blades herbaceous, 3-30 cm. long, 1.5-13 cm. wide, with acute to obtuse teeth. 

 17A. Blades not gemmate, 2- to 4-pinnate. 

 18A. Blades oblong-ovate, 3- or 4-pinnate. 



19A. Blades 5-15 cm. long \3. A. sarelii 



19B. Blades 15-35 cm. long \^. A. wilfordii 



18B. Blades broadly lanceolate, 2-pinnate 15. A. pseudouiilfordii 



17B. Blades with a gemma on the rachis, cut into unequally incised and toothed pinnae 16. A. yoshinagae 



16B. Blades membranous, 2-10(-15) cm. long, l-3(-4) cm. wide, with a few obtuse often mucronate-tipped teeth. 



17. A. varians 

 15B. Pinnules coriaceous, flabellate to rhombic-orbicular, minutely toothed toward the tip, entire at base; fronds small, 3-10 cm. 



long \Z. A. ruttt-muraria 



14B. Pinnae 10-17 cm. long. 



20A. Pinnae unlobed to pinnately parted; sori mostly in 2 series on the pinnae 19. A. wrightii 



20B. Pinnae 2- or 3-pinnate; sori solitary on the pinnules or teeth 12. A. trigonopterum 



IB. Blades simple. 

 21 A. Blades without a submarginal connecting vein. 



22A. Blades narrowly oblanceolate; stipes less than 10 cm. long; sori mostly facing the anterior side of the blade. 



23A. Blades appressed crenate-toothed in upper half; veins obliquely spreading 20. A. griffithianum 



23B. Blades subentire to remotely undulate-toothed; veins suberect to ascending 2\. A. ensijorme 



22B. Blades lanceolate, cordate; stipes 10-20 cm. long; sori paired, face to face 22. A. scolopendrium 



21B. Blades with a submarginal connecting vein, large, 70-100 cm. long; sori closely parallel, always facing anteriorly. 23. A. antiquum 



1. Asplenium cheilosorum Kunze ex Mett. Hymen- long-acuminate, slighdy narrowed at base, smooth, simply 



asplenium cheilosorum (Kunze) Tagawa; A. heterocarpum pinnate, the rachis lustrous, sulcate on upper side; pinnae 



Wall, ex Hook. Usuba-kujaku. Rhizomes creeping, rather many, thinly herbaceous to membranous, semiovate, 



scaly, 2-2.5 mm. across; fronds slender; stipes 10-15 cm. long, 5-8 mm. wide, obtuse, somewhat dimidiate, spreading, sub- 



1-1.5 mm. across, purple-brown to dark brown, lustrous, sessile, nearly straight from base to the top, entire on posterior 



smooth except at base; scales on rhizomes and at base of stipes margin except for 1 or 2 teeth near tip, the anterior side 



lanceolate, 3-4 mm. long, long-acuminate, spreading, black- toothed, nearly straight to slightly arcuate, broadly cuneate at 



brown, minutely spinulose near tip; blades broadly linear to base; teeth on sterile pinnae mosdy regular, ovate, subobtuse; 



linear-lanceolate, 20-40 cm. long, 3-4 cm. wide, gradually fertile pinnae slighdy larger, often bidentate at the tip, the 



