POLYPODIACEAE 97 



8A. Sori round or nearly so. 



9A. Fronds coriaceous ^- Plcopeltis 



9B. Fronds herbaceous 4. Neoc/ieiropterts 



8B. Sori elongate, one on each side of the linear blade, parallel to the costa 6. Drymotaeniiim 



6B. Paraphyses filamentous, simple or branched, or none. 



lOA. Blades serrulate to remotely notched or toothed 10- Crypstnus 



lOB. Blades entire, the lobes entire. 



] 1 A. Sori scattered, or in a single series on each side of the costa 8. Microsorium 



11 B. Sori in a single series between the veins, often fused in a continuous line 9. Colysis 



2B. Veins free; blades 2-8 mm. wide. 



12A. Blades simple H- Grammitis 



12B. Blades pinnatiparted. 



13A. Veins of the segments simple or forked 12. XiphopterU 



13B. Veins of the segments pinnately branched H. Ctenopterts 



1. CHEIROPLEURIA Presl Suji-hitotsuba Zoku 



Terrestrial; rhizomes creeping, with soft brownish hairs; fronds dimorphic; stipes approximate, erect, slender, not jointed 

 with the rhizomes; sterile blades ovate to rounded, often 2-lobed, glabrous, entire; veinlets forming small areolae; fertile blades 

 simple, entire, much narrower than the sterile; sporangia covering the entire blade; paraphyses capitate. One species. 



1. Cheiropleuria bicuspis (Bl.) Presl. Polypodium bi- nearly concolorous, broadly lanceolate to ovate, 8-20 cm. long, 



cuspe BL; Acrostichum bictispe (Bl.) Hook.; A. bicuspe Hook. 2-8 cm. wide, obtuse, entire or bifid at apex, rounded at base 



var. integrijolium Eaton ex Hook.; C. bicuspis var. integrijolia and then abruptly acute, 3- to 5-nerved; fertile blades broadly 



Eaton ex Matsum. & Hayata Soji-hitotsuba. Firm linear, 10-18 cm. long, about 1 cm. wide, 3-nerved, the lateral 



evergreen fern; rhizomes creeping, with close stipes, 4-8 mm. nerves marginal; sporangia densely covering the surface except 



across, densely covered with pale brown hairs 4-6 mm. long; on the costa. Hills and low mountains; Honshu (Izu Isls., 



stipes 15-40 cm. long, lustrous, straw-colored, glabrous in Totomi Prov., and s. Kinki Distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu; rare. 



upper part, hairy at base, those of the fertile fronds slightiy Ryukyus, Formosa, and China to Malaysia. 



longer than the sterile; sterile blades coriaceous-herbaceous, 



2. POLYPODIUM L. Ezo-denda Zoku 



Epiphytic, rarely terrestrial; rhizomes creeping, dictyostelic, scaly; stipes jointed at base; blades usually uniform, pinnatifid or 

 compound, glabrous or pubescent, sometimes scaly, the veins forked or branching, free or anastomosing and forming areolae each 

 with one simple excurrent included veinlet; sori dorsal, terminal or nearly so on the lowest anterior veinlet, typically round, 



superficial, exindusiate; paraphyses absent or filamentous, rarely clathrate or stellate. About 75 species, mostly in the N. 



Hemisphere, abundant in the American Tropics. 



lA. Veins free. 



2A. Blades glabrous beneath; scales of rhizomes lanceolate, 3-5 mm. long. 



3A. Scales of rhizomes concolorous; blades oblong-ovate to broadly lanceolate; sori medial or slightly nearer the costa. . 1. P. vtilgare 



3B. Scales of rhizomes with dark brown median band; blades linear- to oblong-lanccolate; sori supramedial 2. P. virginianum 



2B. Blades thinly pubescent beneath; scales of rhizomes ovate, 2-3 mm. long 3. P. jauriei 



IB. Veins anastomosing and forming at least one row of areolae along the costa. 

 4A. Rhizomes nearly naked, usually glaucous; pinnae entire or nearly so, the costa not or scarcely decurrcnt. 



5A. Blades often velvety beneath 4. P. niponicum 



5B. Blades thinly pubescent on both sides 5. P. jormosaniim 



4B. Rhizomes with purple-brown scales, especially prominent at the insertion of the stipes; pinnae more or less crenate-toothed, the costa 

 decurrent 6- ^- someyae 



1. Polypodium vulgare L. O-ezo-denda. Rhizomes 2. Polypodium virginianum L. P. vulgare var. virgin- 



creeping, rather stout to somewhat slender, densely scaly, the ianum (L.) Eaton Ezo-denda. Rhizomes creeping, 



scales ascending, membranous, brown, broadly lanceolate, rather slender, 1.5-3 mm. across, the scales lanceolate, 3-4 



2.5-4.5 mm. long, 1-1.2 mm. wide, gradually narrowed, short- mm. long, gradually narrowed to a filiform tip, slightiy dilated 



filiform at the tip; fronds glabrous; stipes straw-colored; blades at base, with a dark brown median band, sparsely ciliolate; 



firmly herbaceous, oblong-ovate to broadly lanceolate, 6-10 fronds glabrous; stipes straw-colored, rather slender, 5-12 cm. 



cm. long, 4-5 cm. wide, pinnately parted nearly to the rachis, long; blades firmly herbaceous, linear- to oblong-lanceolate, 



glabrous, the rachis stout and raised on both sides; segments 7-20 cm. long, 2.5^(-5) cm. wide, pinnatiparted; segments 



10-15 pairs, horizontally spreading, linear-oblong, 5-7 mm. 12-25 pairs, oblong-lanceolate, 4-7 mm. wide, very obtuse, 



wide, obsoletely crenate, very obtuse; costa slender, raised crenately toothed toward the tip; costas slender, the veins not 



beneath, the veins not prominent on either side; sori orbicular, visible on either side; sori orbicular, nearer the margin than 



medial or slightiy nearer the costa. Tree-trunks and rocks; tiie costa. Tree-trunks and rocks; Hokkaido, Honshu 



Hokkaido, Honshu (mountains n. distr., very rare and local (centr. and n. distr.) ; rare. Sakhalin, Korea, China, Mon- 



wesnv.). Kuriles, Korea (Dagelet Isl.), China, Tibet, Si- golia, Manchuria, e. Siberia to N. America. 



beria to Europe, and N. America. 



