Phylum SPERMATOPHYTA 

 Seed Plants, Phanerogams or Flowering Plants 



Class 1. GYMNOSPERMAE 



Fam. 24. CYCADACEAE Sotetsu Ka Cycad Family 



Palmlike, dioecious woody plants with a usually thickened and columnar rarely branched trunk; leaves closely and spirally 

 arranged, pinnate or bipinnate with circinate vernation; male sporophylls conelike, composed of scales each with many anthers 

 on die lower side, the female (in ours) of leaflike or scalelike segments, the ovules marginal, becoming large and drupelike, 



with one integument. About 9 genera with somewhat more than 80 species chiefly in tropical and subtropical regions of both 



hemispheres. 



1. CYCAS L. Sotetsu ZoKU 



Dioecious; trunk columnar, simple or sparingly branched, densely covered with bases of old petioles; leaves rosulate and 

 terminal on the trunk, large, pedolate, pinnate, the linear enure pinnae gradually reduced to a spine toward base of rachis; male 

 sporophylls forming an erect many-scaled cone, the scales with numerous globose anthers beneath; female sporophylls leaf like 

 bearing ovules on the marginal notch. About 15 species, in the warmer parts of Asia, Africa, Malaysia, and Australia. 



1. Cycas revoluta Thunb. Sotetsu. Trunk 1-4 m. flattened, reddish, about 4 cm. long. Usually near sea- 

 high; leaves densely lanate when young, becoming rigid, lus- shores; Kyushu. Ryukyus. 



trous, rosulate at apex of stem; seeds broadly ovoid, slightly 



Fam. 25. GINKGOACEAE Icho Ka Ginkgo Family 



Lofty deciduous dioecious tree with grayish brown branches; leaves alternate or fasciculate on short spurs, flabellate, about 

 7 cm. wide, parallel-veined, irregularly undulate on upper margin, often deeply notched or bifid at apex, entire at base and 

 long-petiolate, glaucous; stamens in loose catkinhke spikes; ovules generally in pairs, long-pedunculate; seeds drupelike, about 

 2.5 cm. long, broadly ellipsoidal, the outer coat yellowish, fleshy at maturity and emitting a putrifying fetid odor at time of 

 falling, the inner coat horny and whitish, peach-like. Monogeneric. A relic family known only in cultivation. 



1. GINKGO L. Icho Zoku 



One species with the characters of the family. 



1. Ginkgo biloba L. Icho. Much planted in this and Cv. Epiphylla Ohatsuki-icho, with peduncles of the 



country, especially associated with Shinto shrines. Cultivars fruit becoming broad and winglike and adnate to the leaf 



grown in gardens include: Cv. Pendula with pendulous petiole. 

 branches; Cv. Aureovariegata with yellow-variegated leaves; 



Fam. 26. TAXACEAE Ichii Ka Yew Family 



Shrubs or trees, much branched, dioecious, rarely monoecious; leaves linear, subulate, or sometimes linear-lanceolate, alternate, 

 often disposed in 2 rows; staminate cones strobilate, usually solitary in leaf axils, the stamens peltate with 4- to 9-locular 

 anthers, the pollen grains without wings; ovule solitary, terminal on a short axillary branch, several bracteate at base; seed 



pardy or entirely surrounded by a fleshy aril; cotyledons 2. Three genera widi about 15 species, in the temperate regions 



of the N. Hemisphere, and in New Caledonia. 



lA. Fruit drupelike, the single seed completely enveloped by an aril; anthers 4-locular; branches subopposite; leaves with 2 stomatal bands 

 beneath '• Tomya 



IB. Fruit berrylike, the seed only partly surrounded by a fleshy red arial; anthers 5- to 9-locuIar; branches alternate; leaves pale green be- 

 neath 2. TaxHS 



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