118 



Cupressaceae; Typhaceae; Sparganiaceae 



deep green, opposite, rhombic-ovate, obtuse, closely appressed, 

 about 1.5 mm. long, decussate, the branchlets appearing 

 4-angled, with an obscure gland at back, the acicular leaves 

 ternate, decussate, obliquely spreading or ascending, 5-10 mm. 

 long, gradually narrowed above into a short point, with 2 

 stomatal bands above; cones subglobose, 6-8 mm. in diameter, 



brownish, slightly glaucous; seeds 2 or 3. Near seashores; 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. China and Mongolia. Much 



cultivated and very variable. 



Cv. Parsonsii. /. chinensis var. parsonsii Hornibr. Par- 



soNsu-BYAKUSHiN. Shrubby creeping habit, the branchlets 

 elongate, scaly-leaved. Cultivated. 



Cv. Globosa. /. chinensis var. globosa Hornibr. ^Tama- 



BYAKUSHIN. Shrubby globose habit, branching from near 

 the base, the leaves mostly scalelike. Cultivated. 



Var. sargentii Henry. /. sargentii (Henry) Takeda ex 

 Nakai; /. chinensis var. tsu\ushiensis (Masam.) Masam.; /. 

 tsu\ushiensis Masam.; Sabina sargentii (Henry) Miyabe & 



Tatew. MiYAMA-BYAKUSHiN. Shrub with short creeping 



flexuose stems and ascending or suberect branches; leaves 

 scalelike, dark bluish green, often acicular in young plants. 

 Rocky cliffs in mountains and along seashores; Hok- 

 kaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. s. Kuriles, and Sakhalin. 



Var. procumbens (Sieb.) Endl. /. procumbens Sieb.; /. 

 recurva var. squamata Mast., non Pari.; Sabina pacifica Nakai 



Hai-byakushin, Sonare. Low shrub with creeping, 



much elongate stems; leaves usually acicular, rarely partly 

 scalelike, the acicular ones 6-8 mm. long, rigid, sharp pointed, 

 with 2 white stomatal bands above; cones globose, 8-9 mm. 

 Seashores; Kyushu; often cultivated as a ground cover. 



Class 2. ANGIOSPERMAE 

 Subclass 1. MoNocoTYLEDONEAE Monocotyledons 



Fam. 32. TYPHACEAE Gama Ka Cattail Family 



Glabrous monoecious perennials, mosriy marsh herbs with thick, elongate, creeping rhizomes; leaves radical, distichous, 

 elongate, linear; flowers minute, very numerous, the pistillate forming a subterminal dense cylindrical spike, the stamina te 

 borne above on a prolongation of the stalk, the bracts absent or early caducous; flowers without a true perianth, surrounded 

 by numerous long hairs at base, the filaments filiform; ovary 1-locular, 1-ovuled; style short or elongate, the stigma linear- 

 ligulate; fruit small, nutlike, usually long-stalked, with a tuft of hairs, the seeds antropous, with a straight embryo and abundant 



mealy endosperm. One genus with about 10 species widely distributed in wet places of the temperate and tropical regions of 



the world. 



1. TYPHA L. 



Gama Zoku 



Characters of the family. 



lA. Pistillate part of spike closely contiguous to the staminate part; pistillate flowers without bracteoles among the bristles. 

 2A. Leaves 1—2 cm. wide; pistillate portion of spike 10-20 cm. long, the staminate portion 7—15 cm. long; pollen-grains in tetrads. 



1. T.latifolia 

 2B. Leaves 5-10 mm. wide; pistillate portion of spike 6-10 cm. long, the staminate portion 3-5 cm. long; pollen-grains single. 



2. T. orientalis 



IB. Pistillate portion widely separated from the staminate by a naked axis; pistillate flowers with a bracteole among the bristles; leaves 



5-10 mm. wide; pollen-grains single 3. T. angustata 



1. Typha latifolia L. Gama. Rhizomes long-creep- 

 ing; stems stout, solid, 1-2 m. long; leaves glaucous, flat, 

 smooth, 0.5-1.3 m. long, 1-2 cm. wide, narrowed into an 

 obtuse apex, thickish and rather soft, the sheaths without 

 ligules, their margins overlapping, not closed, rounded and 

 scarious on both sides at mouth; spike terminal, erect, the 

 bracts leafy and caducous; staminate portion of the spike 

 shorter than the pistillate portion, the anthers linear, 2-3 mm. 

 long, with a globose appendage at apex, the pistillate portion 

 contiguous on the staminate, 10-20 cm. long; fruit lanceolate 



on a long bristly stipe; style elongate. July-Aug. Ponds 



and riversides in lowlands; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Ky- 

 ushu. Widely distributed in the temperate regions of the N. 



Hemisphere. 



2. Typha orientalis Presl. T. japonica Miq.; T. latifolia 



var. orientalis (Presl) Rohrb.; T. shuttleworthii subsp. ori- 

 entalis (Presl) Graebn.; T. latifolia var. japonica (Miq.) Haller 



f. Ko-GAMA. Similar to but smaller than the preceding; 



stems 1-1.5 m. long; leaves 0.5-1 cm. wide; staminate portion 

 of spikes 3-5 cm. long, about half as long as the pistillate por- 

 tion. July-Aug. Ponds and riversides in lowlands; Honshu, 



Shikoku, Kyushu. Ussuri, China, and Philippines. 



3. Typha angustata Bory & Chaub. Hime-gama. Sim- 

 ilar to the preceding in habit; leaves 5-10 mm. wide, gradually 

 narrowed to tip; staminate portion of spikes 10-30 cm. long, 

 the pistillate 6-20 cm. long, the naked axis between them 2-6 

 cm. long. June-July. Shallow ponds and riversides in low- 

 lands; Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu. Warmer parts of 



Eurasia and the Mediterranean region. 



Fam. 33. SPARGANIACEAE MikuriKa Bur-reed Family 



Glabrous monoecious herbs; stem simple, leafy at base; leaves alternate, distichous, linear, erect or floating, entire, soft and 

 somewhat spongy, sheathed below; inflorescence globose, sessile, the heads arranged in spikes or panicles, the lower heads 



