Gramineae 133 



45B. Lower 2 florets neutral and epaleate, the uppermost fertile and bisexual; spikelets 3-flowered; inflorescence a 



raceme with alternately and loosely arranged spikelets dcflcxed in maturity 44. Brylkjnia 



37B. Glumes wanting or minute; palea of the bisexual florets 1- or 3-nerved; each spikelet consisting of one fertile floret; 

 grasses of wet places. 

 48A. Spikelets all alike and bisexual. 



49A. Spikelets laterally compressed; florets not stiped; stamens 3 or 6 45. Leersia 



49B. Spikelets nearly terete; florets stiped, deciduous with the stipe; stamen 1 46. Chikjisichloa 



48B. Spikelets dimorphic, unisexual 47. Zizania 



36B. Leaf-blades broadly lanceolate, often short-petiolate; spikelets few-flowered, sessile, the lowest floret bisexual and fertile, 



the otiiers reduced to retrorsely scabrous bristles 48. Lophathertim 



29B. Lemmas 3-nerved, sometimes nearly nerveless. 



50A. Rather coarse tall grasses; spikelets prommently long-hairy; lemmas membranous, rather fragile. 



51A. Callus of the floret elongate; lemma glabrous; the lowest floret much longer than the glumes, usually stamlnate. 



49. Phragmltes 

 51B. Callus of the floret very short; lemmas long-hairy; lower florets bisexual, the lowest as long as or a little longer than the 



glumes 50. Artindo 



SOB. Grasses of small or medium size; spikelets without long hairs. 



52A. Caryopsis large, visible between the lemma and palea when mature; inflorescence a panicle. 



53A. Rather large grasses; spikelets 1-flowered; glumes connate at base 51. Phaenosperma 



53B. Slender grasses; spikelets 2- or 3-flowered; glumes not connate 52. Diarrhena 



52B. Caryopsis small, usually not visible. 



54A. First glume developed, both glumes shorter than the lowest lemma, as rigid as the lemma or thinner. 

 55A. Spikelets with 2 or more bisexual florets. 



56A. Lemmas entire, acute, obtuse, or short-awned at apex. 

 57A. Inflorescence a panicle. 



58A. Callus of the floret bearded. 



59A. Callus very short; culms thickened at base, with short internodes; lemmas awnless 53. Moliniopsis 



59B. Callus elongate; culms not thickened at base; lemmas short-awned 54. Hal^onechloa 



58B. Callus glabrous, short 55. Eragrostis 



57B. Inflorescence digitate; spikelets sessile, densely arranged in 2 rows on the outer side of the branches. . 56. Eleusine 

 56B. Lemmas truncate or bifid at apex. 



60A. Inflorescence a panicle, branches few to many; spikelets sessile or short-pedicel led, spicately or racemosely ar- 

 ranged on the branches. 

 61A. Plants with cleistogamous flowers in the leaf axils; panicle-branches 1-7, with loosely arranged few spikelets; 



spikelets usually short-awned, rarely awnless 57. Kengia 



61B. Plants without cleistogamous flowers; panicle-branches with many rather densely arranged spikelets. 



62A. Lemmas toothed or awned, linear-oblong, terete or subangular 58. Diplachne 



62B. Lemmas entire, awnless, laterally flattened 59. Leptochha 



60B. Inflorescence a single terminal spike; awn of the lemmas elongate and geniculate (in ours) 60. Tripogon 



55B. Spikelets with only 1 bisexual floret. 



63A. Inflorescence digitate; spikelet sessile or nearly so. 



64A. Spikelets 1-flowered, awnless or nearly so, without a reduced floret 61. Cynodon 



64B. Spikelets with few reduced florets above a single bisexual one, usually awned 62. Chloris 



63B. Inflorescence a panicle; spikelets pedicelled. 

 65A. Lemmas awnless, nerves wanting or obsolete. 



66A. Low grasses with broadly lanceolate leaf -blades; spikelets 1- or 2-flowered, the upper floret, if any, pistillate. 



63. Coelachne 

 66B. Low or rather tall grasses with linear or narrowly lanceolate leaf -blades; spikelets always 1-flowered. 



64. Sporobolus 



65B. Lemmas awned (in ours) ; nerves distinct 65. Muhlenbergia 



54B. First glume usually wanting, rarely minute and membranous, the second one coriaceous, larger than the lemma. 



67A. Spikelets sunken in hollows on opposite sides of the axis of a solitary spike 66. Lepttinis 



67B. Spikelets falling singly from the pedicel of the spikelike racemes, laterally flattened 67. Zoysia 



8B. Spikelets always 2-flowered, not laterally nor dorsiventrally flattened, articulate below the glumes; upper floret bisexual, the lower 

 stamlnate or neuter, bisexual only in Isachne, very rarely both florets unisexual (Spinifex). 

 68A. Lemma of the upper floret coriaceous, rarely herbaceous or crustaceous, more rigid than the glumes, awnless or rarely awned; 

 lemma of lower floret usually simulating the glumes in texture, rarely in Isachne simulating the lemma of the upper floret in 

 texture. 



69A. Callus of the upper floret with a tuft of hairs 68. Artindinella 



69B. Callus of the upper floret glabrous. 

 70A. Spikelets all alike and bisexual. 



7IA. Spikelets subtended or surrounded by 1 to many distinct or more or less connate bristles, forming an involucre and falling 

 with them; lemma of the fertile floret herbaceous. 



72A. Bristle solitary; plant of wet places 69. Psciidoraphis 



72B. Brisdes few to many; plant of mesophytic or drier places 70. Penniietum 



71B. Spikelets, if subtended or surrounded by brisdes, falling detached from the persistent bristles; lemma of the fertile floret 

 coriaceous or crustaceous. 

 73A. Lower florets stamlnate or neuter. 



74A. Inflorescence an open or cylindrical panicle; spikelets usually distincdy pedicelled, not racemose. 



