Gramineae 



135 



99A. Racemes several, rarely solitary in depauperate plants; spikelets not adnate to the internode 98. Phacelurus 



99B. Racemes solitary, terminal and axillary; spikelets adnate to the internodes 99. Hemarthria 



Spikelets all unisexual, the fertile spikelet solitary, the 1- or 2-flowered pistillate portion enclosed in a beadlike, lustrous, ovoid 

 to globose, sheathing bract; staminate spikelets several, naked, in short racemes 100. Coix 



1. CHIMONOBAMBUSA Makino Kan-chiku Zoku 



Rhizomes elongate; culms medium-sized, sparse, cylindric or obtusely squarrose, usually with air-roots from the lower nodes; 

 buds 3 at each node; spikelets solitary or few, terminal on branchlets, many-flowered, subtended by bracts; glumes 0; rachilla 

 slender, glabrous; florets rather distant; lemma membranous, smooth, glabrous, weakly about 7-nerved, lanceolate, acuminate; 



palea nearly as long as the lemma, 2-keeled, glabrous, nearly smooth, subentire; stamens 3; stigmas 2. More than 10 species, 



in s. Asia. 



lA. Culms smooth, terete, the nodes without prominent air-roots; culm-sheaths membranous, rather persistent, but soon withering. 



1. C. marmorea 

 IB. Culms roughened, obtusely quadrate, the lower nodes with prominent air-roots; culm sheaths rather thick, deciduous. 



2. C. quadrangularis 



1. Chimonobambusa marmorea (Mitf.) Makino. Bam- 



btisa marmorea Mitf.; Arundinaria matsumurae Hack. 



Kan-chiku. Culms 2-3 m. long, to 15 mm. in diameter, 

 with rather prominent nodes; culm-sheaths membranous, 

 brownish purple spotted, nearly bladeless, yellowish brown, 

 bristly while young; branchlets slender, widi 3-4 leaves; leaf- 

 sheaths with spreading hairs on margin, the auricles wanting, 

 the oral brisdes soft, fle.xuous, very promptly deciduous, 

 smooth; leaf-blades lanceolate, paler beneath, thin, glabrous, 

 6-15 cm. long, 8-12 mm. wide; spikelets 4-8 cm. long, linear, 

 purplish; florets 5-8 mm. long, acuminate; rachilla green, 4-7 



mm. long. May-July. Said to be spontaneous in Kyushu, 



but extensively planted elsewhere in Honshu (centr. distr. and 

 westivard). Cv. variegata. C. marmorea f. variegata (Ma- 



kino) Ohwi. C. marmorea var. variegata Makino Chigo- 



KAN-cHiKU. Leaves white-variegated. 



2. Chimonobambusa quadrangularis (Fenzi) Makino. 

 Bambusa quadrangularis Fenzi; Tetragonocalamus quad- 

 rangularis (Fenzi) Nakai Shiho-chiku, Shikakudake. 



Culms 3-5 m. long, to 2.5 cm. in diameter, obtusely quadrate 

 in cross section, with rather long internodes, green, becoming 

 brownish green when dry, rough; nodes prominent, densely 

 fringed with yellowish brown bristles; branchlets rather slen- 

 der; leaves 3-5, the blades narrowly lanceolate, 15-20 cm. long, 

 1-2.5 cm. wide, glabrous; leaf-sheaths with spreading hairs on 

 outer margin, the auricles wanting, the oral brisdes erect, 

 smooth. Of Chinese origin, sometimes cultivated in Japan. 



2. SEMIARUNDINARIA Makino Narihiradake Zoku 



Rhizomes elongate; culms medium-sized, branches few at each node; culm sheaths deciduous, coriaceous, with a small 

 blade at apex, the oral brisdes rather rigid, erect; spikelets 1-3, spicately fasciculate on branchlets, 3- to 4-flowered, narrowly 

 lanceolate, sessile or nearly so, bracteate at base; glumes wanting; rachilla short, appressed-pubescent; lemmas broadly lanceolate, 

 acuminate, 9- to lO-nerved, rather thick, scaberulous above, with obscure transverse veinlets; palea about as long as the lemma, 



lanceolate, 2-keeled, shallowly bifid, scabrous especially on the keels; stamens 3; style single; stigmas 3; ovary glabrous. 



Several species in s. Asia. 



lA. Prophylla (first leaf) of branchlets less than 1 cm. long, ovate-deltoid; branches densely arranged; leaf-blades narrowly lanceolate, 

 acute or obtuse at base 1.5. jastuosa 



IB. Prophylla of branchlets 2-4 cm. long, linear, with spreading prominent hairs on the 2 keels; branches loosely arranged; leaf-blades 

 broadly lanceolate, with rounded base 2. 5. yashadal{e 



1. Semiarundinaria fastuosa (Mitf.) Makino. Bam- 

 busa jastuosa Mitf.; Arundinaria narihira Makino Nari- 

 hiradake. Culms rather distant on elongate rhizomes, 

 somewhat purple tinged, 5-10 m. tall, 3-4 cm. in diameter, 

 culm-sheaths incompletely deciduous; leaves 4-6, the blades 

 narrowly lanceolate, gradually tapering at apex, acute to 

 obtuse at base, glabrous; leaf-sheaths glabrous or sparingly 

 ciliate, the auricles wanting, the oral brisde smooth, finally 

 deciduous; bracts of inflorescence 2-5 cm. long, often with a 

 small blade; spikelets 3-4 cm. long, 3- to 4-flowered; rachilla 

 not visible, 6-7 mm. long; lemma broad-lanceolate, 15-20 

 mm. long, awn-pointed; palea ciliate on keels; anthers about 



10 mm. long. May. Honshu (centr. distr. and westw.), 



Shikoku, Kyushu; often cultivated. 



Var. kagamiana (Makino) Ohwi. S. \agamiana Makino 



RiKUCHUDAKE. A smaller plant with rachilla 7-12 mm. 



long, 2/5 as long as the floret, less densely pubescent. Cul- 

 tivated in Honshu (Rikuchu). 



2. Semiarundinaria yashadake (Makino) Makino. S. 



fastuosa var. yashadake Makino Yashadake. Culms 



slender, the branchlets sparse, the culm-nodes and lower part 

 of cuhn-sheaths short-hairy; leaves 3-5, the blades lanceolate 

 to broad-lanceolate, rather abrupdy acuminate, rounded at 

 base; leaf-sheaths ciliate, the auricles wanting, the oral bristles 



slender, smooth, at length deciduous. Honshu (centr. distr. 



and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu; spontaneous and cultivated. 



3. SmOBAMBUSA Makino To-chiku Zoku 



Rhizomes elongate; culms medium-sized, glabrous; nodes fringed with purplish hairs when young; internodes very elongate; 

 culm-sheaths soon deciduous, the oral bristles rigid, glabrous; buds few; spikelets pedicelled, in bracteate panicles, narrow, 



