136 



Gramineae 



elongate; rachilla pilose; glumes 2 (-3), rather large, veiny; lemmas rather rigid, ovate, acuminate, 11- to 15-nerved, with 

 transverse veinlets between the nerves; palea nearly as long as the lemma, 2-keeIed, ciliate on the keel; stamens 3; ovary 

 glabrous; stigmas 3. Several species in s. Asia. 



1. Sinobambusa tootsik Makino. Bambos tootsi\ Sieb. 



T6-CHIKU. Rhizome elongate; culms to 5 m. long, 3.5 



cm. in diameter, with prominent nodes; internodes 40-60 cm. 

 long; branchlets slender; leaves 3-9, approximate, the blades 

 lanceolate, 5-20 cm. long, 1.5-3 cm. wide, puberulent below, 

 acuminate, obtuse to acute at base; leaf-sheath ciliate, the oral 



bristles rigid, erect; bracts ciliate, 1.5-4 cm. long; spikelets 8-20 

 cm. long, many-flowered; rachilla 5-7 mm. long; glumes ovate, 

 7-10 mm. long, acute; lemmas about 10 mm. long, ovate, 

 acuminate, mucronate, palea a little shorter; anthers 4-5 mm. 

 long. Of Chinese origin, cultivated in Japan. 



4. PHYLLOSTACHYS Sieb. & Zucc. Madake Zoku 



Culms tall and thick, sparse; rhizomes elongate; culm-sheaths deciduous; branches geminate with sulcate internodes; leaf- 

 blades lanceolate, the oral brisdes rigid and persistent or rather soft and soon deciduous; spikelets sessile in axils of bracts, 

 forming a bracteate spike, few-flowered, the lateral ones prophyllate at base; glume or 1, the lowest floret sometimes reduced 

 to an empty lemma, the upper florets sterile; lemmas lanceolate, chartaceous, acuminate, the transverse veinlets obscure; palea 

 linear-lanceolate, nearly as long as the lemma; rachilla short, often pubescent; stamens 3; ovary glabrous; style long; sdgmas 3, 

 filiform. About 30 species in India and China; introduced in Japan, only cultivated. 



lA. Culms nodding in upper part, the nodes with 2 rings, the upper very short and obscure; culm-sheath not ciliate; branches densely 

 arranged; prophylls linear, shallowly bifid, early withering; leaf-blades approximate, to 10 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, thin; oral bristles 



erect, thin, early deciduous, often wanting 1 . P. heterocycla 



IB. Culms erect, the nodes with 2 rings, the upper more prominent than the lower; culm-sheath ciliate or not; branches loosely arranged; 

 leaf-blades larger, 10-12 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. wide; oral bristles persistent. 

 2A. Culm-sheath ciUate, commonly not spotted; prophylls of branchlets membranous, soon withering, deeply bifid, but soon splitting 



into 2 linear wrinkled filaments, 1-1.5 cm. long; oral bristles erect; auricles wanting 2. P. nigra 



2B. Culm-sheath not ciliate, commonly spotted; prophylls of branchlets 2-3 cm. long, entire, linear, somewhat persistent; oral brisdes 

 spreading, rigid; auricles prominent 3. P. bambusoides 



1. Phyllostachys heterocycla (Carr.) Mitf. Bambusa puberula (Miq.) Makino; P. henonis Bean; P. fauriei Hack. 



heterocycla Carr.; P. pubescens Mazel ex Houz. de Lehaie; P. Ha-chiku. Culms to 10 m. long, 3-10 cm. in diameter, 



edulis Houz. de Lehaie (not Bambusa edulis Carr.) ; P. mitis erect, slighdy scaberulous, soon glabrescent; nodes with 2 



ex auct. ^Moso-cHiKU. Culms 10-12 m. long, to 20 cm. prominent rings; culm-sheaths not spotted, ciliate, with a short 



in diameter, short-pubescent while young, later much branched, blade, the auricles with scabrous brisdes; leaves 3-5, the blades 



nodding at apex; nodes nearly single ringed, the upper ridge chartaceous, lanceolate, 5-10 cm. long, 8-12 mm. wide, acumi- 



indisdnct; culm sheaths clothed with purple-brown hairs, nate, glaucescent and pubescent near base beneath, the auricles 



bristly at apex, the blade small, narrow; branchlets slender; wanting, the oral bristles erect; inflorescence a fasciculate spike, 



leaves 2-8, the blades thin, lanceolate to narrowly so, 4-8 (-10) 2.5-3 cm. long, the bracts shorter than the spike, lanceolate, 



cm. long, 4-8 (-10) mm. wide, pubescent below near base, the short-pubescent on the back near tip, with a short subulate 



ligule rather prominent; leaf -sheaths sometimes short-pilose blade at apex; spikelets linear, 1- or 2-flowered, the upper floret 



above; bracts narrowly oblong to oblanceolate, 16-22 mm. long, neuter; lemmas linear-lanceolate, about 15 mm. long, pubes- 



usually with a short, linear blade at apex, glabrous; spikelets cent, gradually tapering to the tip; palea a litde shorter than 



glabrous. Aug.-Sept. Of Chinese origin, widely cultivated the lemma, pubescent; anthers 7-8 mm. long. May-July. 



in Japan. Long cultivated in Japan, introduced from China. 



Cv. Kikko-chiku (Mitf.). A monstrous unstable sport 3. Phyllostachys bambusoides Sieb. & Zucc. var. bam- 



called Kikko-chiku in Japan, Lohan Chu in China or the so- busoides. P. megastachya Steud.; P. reticulata (misapplied by 



called tortoise-shell bamboo. It is a curiosity without botanical K. Koch); P. quilioi Riv.; P. mazelii A. & C. Riv. ^Madake. 



standing, although the species was first known to botanists Culms 10-20 m. long, 5-13 cm. in diameter, smooth, erect; 



through this monstrous phase. As noted, this phase is not nodes with 2 prominent rings; culm sheath with blackish 



stable and does not reproduce itself. The lower culm-nodes are spots, glabrescent, not ciliate, with a short blade at apex; leaves 



approximate, oblique, giving them a zigzag effect. This phase 3-5, the blades chartaceous, lanceolate, 8-12 cm. long, 



occurs isolated only among normal culms. Often grown in l-1.5(-2) cm. wide, glaucescent beneath, pubescent near base 



gardens but not long-lived. The names P. mitis var. heterocycla beneath; leaf-sheaths more or less ciliate, the auricles semi- 



(Carr.) Makino, P. pubescens var. heterocycla (Carr.) Houz. rounded, spreading to slightly reflexed, with rigid spreading 



de Lehaie, and P. edulis var. heterocycla (Carr.) Houz. de brisdes on margin; spikes lanceolate, 4-6 cm. long, the bracts 



Lehaie, based on this monstrous form, must be rejected (cf. In- broadly oblanceolate, glabrous, 2-2.5 cm. long, with an ovate 



ternational Rules Bot. Nom. 1961, Art. 67). to lanceolate, acuminate blade; spikelets slightly longer dian 



2. Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd.) Munro var. nigra. or nearly as long as the bract, glabrous, narrowly lanceolate, 

 Bambusa nigra Lodd.; P. puberula var. nigra (Lodd.) Houz. 1- or 2-flowered; rachilla glabrous; lemmas about 2 cm. long, 



de Lehaie; P. nigra (Lodd.) Munro Kuro-chiku. Culms aristately acuminate; palea as long as the lemma, glabrous. 



green at first, becoming blackish, smooth. The typical phase of June. Of Chinese origin, widely cultivated in Japan. 



Chinese origin, is extensively cultivated in Japan, as well as Var. aurea (A. & C. Riv.) Makino. P. aurea A. & C. Riv. 



the following. Hotei-chiku. Lower nodes of the culm approximate. 



Var. henonis (Bean) Stapf. Bambusa puberula Miq.; P. Commonly cultivated. China. 



