142 



Gramineae 



IB. Palea less than half as long as the lemma, without keels, or wholly suppressed. 

 3A. Lemma distinctly shorter than the glumes, awned or not. 

 4A. Anthers 0.8-1.5 mm. long, Yi~Y\ ^s long as the lemma. 



5A. Spikelets 2.5-3 mm. long; awn inserted near the base to Yz of the lemma, distinctly twisted and geniculate. 



6A. Lemmas aristulate at apex with excurrent nerves 1>. A. hideoi 



6B. Lemmas entire at apex ^. A. fiaccida 



5B. Spikelets 1.5-2.2 mm. long; awn from about the middle of the lemma or wanting S. A. canina 



4B. Spikelets 1.5-2.2 mm. long; awn from about the middle of the lemma or wanting. 



7A. Lemma awned; culms 10-30 cm. long; branches of panicles smooth or nearly so 6. A. borealls 



7B. Lemma awnless; culms 20-50 cm. long. 



8A. Panicles large, to 30 cm. long or more, with capillary densely scabrous branches; spikelets mosdy terminal or nearly so; 



radical leaves short, filiform 7. A. scahra 



8B. Panicles usually not more than 20 cm. long, effuse to rather dense, branches filiform, less densely scabrous, with longer 



prickles, the spikelets not confined to the upper part of branches; radical leaves more or less flat ^. A. clavata 



3B. Lemma slightly longer than the glumes '). A. nipponensis 



1. Agrostis gigantea Roth. A. nigra With. Kuro- 1-nerved, nearly smooth, the keel scaberulous above, the first 



KONUKAGUSA. Perennial, with short rhizomes; culms erect long-acuminate, 3-3.5 mm. long, the second short-acuminate, 



from a often decumbent, branching base, 50-100 cm. long, 2.7-3 mm. long; lemma 1.5-1.7 mm. long, oblong, 5-nerved, 



smooth or slightly scabrous above; leaf-blades flat, green, the midnerve excurrent just above the base into a delicate, 



slighdy glaucescent, thin, 10-20 cm. long, 4-7 mm. wide, geniculate awn about 3-3.5 mm. long, apex with 4 lateral 



slighdy scabrous; ligules thinly membranous, 3-5 mm. long, nerves and 1 or 2 marginal teeth excurrent as awns about 0.5-1 



denticulate, longer than wide, truncate; panicles 10-20 cm. mm. long; callus sparsely and minutely hairy; palea wanting; 



long, rather dense, lustrous, the branches effuse, semiverticil- anthers a litde less than 1 mm. long. June-July. Wet 



late, prominendy scabrous, verticils naked at base; spikelets grassy places near mountain rivulets; Honshu (Echigo and 



2-2.2 mm. long, reddish brown, acute; glumes broadly lanceo- adjacent prov.) ; rare. 



late, equal, acute, 1-nerved, obscurely punctulate, the keel 4. Agrostis flaccida Hack. A. canina sensu auct. Japon., 



slightly scabrous; lemma about 1.5 mm. long, obscurely non L. Miyama-nokabo. Perennial; culms tufted, with 



5-nerved, obtuse; callus glabrous; anthers 1-1.5 mm. long. innovation shoots at base, 15-30 cm. long, smooth; leaf-blades 



May-June. Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu; rather rare; possibly loosely involute or flat, 3-10 cm. long, 0.5-2 mm. wide, smooth, 



not indigenous. Cooler regions of the N. Hemisphere. glabrous, soft; ligules semirounded, 0.5-2 mm. long; panicles 



2. Agrostis stolonifera L. A. maritima Lam.; A. usually 4-8 cm. long, diffuse, ovoid, the branches usually 



coarctata Ehrh.; A. dba var. stolonijera (L.) Smith Hai- geminate, smooth or nearly so; spikelets 2.5-3 mm. long, 



KONUKAGUSA. Perennial; culms long-decumbent and creep- broadly lanceolate, lustrous, purplish, rarely green; glumes 



ing at base, ascending above, 10-20(-30) cm. long, smooth; slightly unequal, broadly lanceolate, smooth except the keel, 



leaf-blades 3-10 cm. long, 1-3 mm. wide, flat, scabrous, green, the first long-acuminate, 1-nerved, 2.5-3 mm. long, the second 



slightly glaucescent, thin; ligules quadrangular to broadly 3-nerved, short-acuminate; lemma 1.5-2 mm. long, minutely 



ovate, obtuse; panicles narrow, lanceolate to cylindric-ovoid, 5-toothed, the awn exserted just above the base, delicate, 



5-10 cm. long, 5-20 mm. wide, dense, the branches short, erect, slightly geniculate, 3-5 mm. long; callus minutely hairy; palea 



unequal, 1-3 cm. long, scabrous, semiverticillate, the verticils nearly obsolete; anthers 0.8-1.5 mm. long. June-Aug. High 



spikelet-bearing from the base; pedicels short; spikelets 1.5-2 mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather com- 



mm. long, sometimes purplish, rather acute, slightly lustrous; mon. s. Korea, s. Kuriles (Shikotan IsL). 



glumes broadly lanceolate, 1-nerved, punctulate, with scabrous 5. Agrostis canina L. Hime-nukaeo. Perennial, usu- 



keel; lemma 1-1.5 mm. long, obscurely 5-nerved, awnless; ally tufted; culms 20-60 cm. long; leaf-blades thin, usually flat, 



anthers 0.8-1 mm. long. May-June. In wet places; natu- 2-10 cm. long, 1-3 mm. wide, slightly scabrous, the radical 



ralized in Hokkaido, Honshu; rather rare. Cooler regions leaves not prominent; ligules 2-3 mm. long, oblong, obtuse; 



of the N. Hemisphere. panicles 5-12 cm. long, 1-5 cm. wide, diffuse, the branches 3- 



Var. palustris (Huds.) Farwell. A. palustris Huds.; A. to 6-nate, slender, scabrous; spikelets broadly lanceolate, 1.5-2, 



sylvatica Huds.; A. alba sensu auct. Japon., non L.; A. grandis rarely to 2.2 mm. long, acute, lustrous, reddish brown, rarely 



Honda; A. exarata sensu auct. Japon., non Trin. Konuka- green; glumes nearly equal, short-acuminate; lemma obscurely 



GUSA. Culms 50-100 cm. long, short-decumbent at base; 3-nerved, rather obtuse, the midrib excurrent from about the 



leaf-blades 10-20 cm. long, 4-7 mm. wide; ligules 3-5 mm. middle into a delicate, slighdy exserted and geniculate awn 



long; panicles ovate; branches spreading at anthesis; spikelets about 1-2 mm. long; callus minutely hairy; palea nearly obso- 



2-2.5 mm. long; anthers 1-1.5 mm. long. ^May-June. Wet lete; anthers 0.8-1.2 mm. long. Naturalized in Honshu 



places; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; naturalized; (Yamashiro), Kyushu (Chikuzen); rare. ^Temperate and 



very common. N. Hemisphere. cooler regions of the N. Hemisphere. 



3. Agrostis hideoi Ohwi. Senisetum hideoi (Ohwi) 6. Agrostis borealis Hartm. A. viridissima Komar. 



Honda Yukikura-nukaeo, Okuyama-nukabo. Peren- Komiyama-nukaeo. Perennial, usually tufted; culms slen- 



nial, with short rhizomes; culms tufted, slender, smooth, 20-40 der, 10-30 cm. long, smooth; leaf-blades nearly smooth, flat, 



cm. long; leaf-blades flat or loosely involute, 3-10 cm. long, 2-7 cm. long, 1-2 mm. wide, the radical leaves usually filiform, 



1-2 mm. wide, soft, smooth beneath; ligules thin, truncate to 0.3-1 mm. wide; ligules obtuse, 0.5-2 mm. long; panicles open, 



obtuse, about 1 mm. long; panicles narrowly ovoid, 5-8 cm. 5-10 cm. long, 1-4 cm. wide, branches ascending, nearly 



long, loose, the branches 4- to 7-nate, ascending, slighdy smooth, 2- to 3-nate; spikelets pale green to purplish, lustrous, 



scabrous; spikelets pedicellate, broadly lanceolate, usually broadly lanceolate, 2.5-3 mm. long, acute; glumes equal, acute, 



purplish, 3-3.5 mm. long, acuminate; glumes slighdy unequal, nearly smooth, 1-nerved, the keel scaberulous above; lemma 



