Gramineae 



143 



1.5-2 mm. long, obscurely 3-nerved, the awn slightly e.\serted 

 and geniculate, 2—4 mm. long; callus minutely hairy; palea 



nearly obsolete; anthers ellipsoidal, 0.4-0.7 mm. long. 



July. High mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, (ccntr. distr. and 



northw.) ; rather rare. Alpine and cold regions of the N. 



Hemisphere. 



7. Agrostis scabra Willd. A. hiemalis auct. Ezo- 



NUKABo. Perennial, with short innovation shoots at base; 

 culms slender, smooth, 50-80 cm. long; leaf-blades 3-10 cm. 

 long, 1-2 mm. wide, loosely involute, the radical filiform, 2-5 

 cm. long, about 0.5 mm. wide; ligules obtuse, 2-3 mm. long; 

 panicles 20-40 cm. long, broadly ovoid, strongly effuse, more 

 than half as long as the entire culm, very loose, the branches 

 capillary, spreading, semiverticillate, finely and closely sca- 

 brous, to 20 cm. long, with spikelets only near the ends, the 

 verticils naked at base; spikelets pale green, lanceolate, very 

 acute, 2 mm. long; glumes unequal, lanceolate, l-nerved, 

 lustrous, with scabrous keel, the first acuminate, the second 

 slighdy shorter, very acute; lemma 1-1.2 mm. long, about Yi 

 as long as the spikelet, obtuse, awnless, obscurely 3-nerved; 

 callus nearly glabrous; anthers about 0.5 mm. long. May- 

 July. Grassy mountain slopes; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. 

 distr. and northw.) ; rather rare. N. America and e. Siberia. 



8. Agrostis clavata Trin. A. perennans sensu auct. 

 Japon., non Tuckerm.; A. valvata Steud.; A. macrothyrsa 

 Hack.; A. osa\ae Honda ^Yama-nukabo. Tufted peren- 

 nial, with short innovation shoots at base; culms 30-70 cm. 

 long, smooth; leaf-blades 7-15 cm. long, 1.5-5 mm. wide; 

 ligules somewhat lacerate at apex, 1.5-3 mm. long; panicles 

 loose, diffuse, 12-20 cm. long, the branches geminate to semi- 

 verticillate, spreading, scabrous, the verticils usually naked at 

 base; spikelets about 2 mm. long, green; glumes unequal, 

 lanceolate, the keel scabrous above, the first l-nerved, acumi- 

 nate, the second slighdy shorter, very acute, 3-nerved beneath; 

 lemma about 1.5 mm. long, 3-nerved, obtuse; callus nearly 



glabrous; anthers about 0.3 mm. long, ellipsoidal. June- 



Aug. Wet grassy places in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, 



Shikoku, Kyushu; rather common. ne. Europe to Siberia, 



Kamchatka and Sakhalin. 



Var. nukabo Ohwi. A. exarata var. nu\abo (Ohwi) 



T. Koyama; A. matsumurae Hack. Nukabo. Panicle 



branches verticillate, scarcely naked at base, unequal; spikelets 

 acute; glumes 1.5-1.7 mm. long, nearly equal to rather un- 

 equal, very acute to acute, slightiy longer than the lemma. 



May-June. Cultivated fields and waste ground; Hokkaido, 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; very common. Korea, Ryukyus, 



Formosa, China, and possibly also in the Philippines. 



9. Agrostis nipponensis Honda. Hime-konukagusa. 

 Perennial, without rhizomes; culms 40-70 cm. long, smooth, 

 rather soft; leaf-blades pale green, diin, 7-15 cm. long, 3-5 

 mm. wide, flat, slightly scabrous; ligules 1-2 mm. long, trun- 

 cate; panicles 10-15 cm. long, loose, broadly ovoid to lanceo- 

 late, the branches 3- to 7-nate, ascending to spreading, scabrous, 

 die verticils widely naked at base; spikelets long-pedicelled, 

 2.5-3 mm. long, pale green and slighdy purplish; glumes 

 equal, broadly lanceolate, obtusely folded, l-nerved, acute, 

 slighdy scaberulous above; lemma whitish, slighdy longer 

 than to as long as the glumes, awnless, 3- to 5-nerved; callus 

 glabrous; palea minute; anthers 0.7-1 mm. long, ellipsoidal. 



June. Wet places; Honshu (Kanto Distr. and westw.), 



Shikoku, Kyushu; rather rare. 



Agrostis dimorpholemma Ohwi. Bake-nukabo. Al- 

 lied to A. stolonifera var. palustris Farwell, but the florets of 

 two forms on the same panicle; lemmas of the awnless phase 

 1.7 mm. long, 3-nerved, entire or bidentulate, the callus nearly 

 glabrous, the palea ^-5^ as long as the lemma; anthers 1.5 

 mm. long; lemmas of the awned phase 3- to 5-nerved, ap- 

 pressed short-pubescent at base on back, minutely toothed at 

 apex; midrib excurrent slightly above base into a scaberulous, 

 slighdy exserted and geniculate awn about 4 mm. long; callus 

 with a tuft of hairs 1/5-1/4 as long as the lemma, die palea 

 1/2-3/5 as long as the lemma; rachilla pilose, shorter than the 



ovary. Collected once at Hakone in Honshu; possibly a 



hybrid of A. avenacea X A. stolonijera var. palustris, but the 

 first parent has not been reported from our area. 



11. POLYPOGON Desf. Hiegaeri Zoku 



Annuals or perennials; leaf-blades flat, linear, membranous; panicles very dense, often spikelike; spikelets radier small, with 

 rather thick pedicels, 1-flowered, articulate below the pedicel; glumes equal, membranous, sometimes bifid, awned from the 

 apex or from the sinus; lemma thinly membranous, small, broadly obovate, truncate, often with a delicate, short, fragile awn; 

 callus glabrous; rachilla not produced; palea as long as or slighdy shorter than the lemma, 2-nerved; stamens 3; caryopsis free 

 from the lemma and palea, scarcely flattened. More than a dozen species; widespread in temperate regions. 



lA. Awn of the glume rising from the sinus, much longer than the glume; pedicels slightly longer than broad 1. P. monspcliensis 



IB. Awn of the glume as long as or shorter than the glume; pedicels much longer than broad. 



2A. Glumes bifid, the awn about as long as the glume 2. P. fugax 



2B. Glumes entire, the awn much shorter than the glume 3. P. hondoensis 



1. Polypogon monspcliensis (L.) Desf. Alopecurus 



monspeliensis L. Ham.\-hiegaeri. Tufted annual; culms 



30-60 cm. long, smoodi; leaf-blades green, slightiy glaucous, 

 flattened, 10-15 cm. long, 4-8 mm. wide; ligules hyaline, del- 

 toid, 3-8 mm. long; panicles nearly cylindric, very densely 

 flowered, not interrupted, 5-10 cm. long, 1-2.5 cm. wide; 

 branches semiverticillate, scabrous; pedicels obconical, 0.2-0.3 

 mm. long; spikelets broadly oblanceolate, pale green, 2-2.2 

 mm. long including the pedicel; glumes oblanceolate, l-nerved, 

 scabrous, rounded on back, shordy bifid with an erect delicate 



awn bet\veen the sinus; lemma broadly elliptic, obscurely 

 5-nerved, about 0.8 mm. long, nearly truncate at apex, ob- 

 scurely denticulate; awn deciduous, to 1 mm. long; anthers 



0.5 mm. long, ellipsoidal. June-Aug. Wet sandy and 



grassy places; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common near sea- 

 shores. Temperate and warmer regions of Europe, Asia, 



and N. Africa, now widely naturalized in die New World. 



2. Polypogon fugax Nees ex Steud. P. hiegaeri Steud.; 

 P. demissus Steud.; P. titloralis, sensu aucL Japon., non Smith; 

 P. miser (Thunb.) Makino, excl. syn.; Nowodwors){ya fugax 



