Gramineae 145 



4A. Glumes densely scabrous. 



5A. Spikelets not closed after anthesis; ligulcs pale rusty-brown, scaberulous on the back; leaf-blades flat, very scabrous on both 



sides, slightly glaucescent 3. C. langsdorffii 



5B. Spikelets closed after anthesis; ligules whitish, nearly smooth; leaf-blades loosely involute, scabrous above, only slightly so be- 

 neath, pale green 4. C. neglecta var. aculeolata 



4B. Glumes nearly glabrous except the keel. 



6A. Radical leaves not prominent; culm-leaves about equally distant. 



7A. Culms with few, coriaceous, lustrous, bladeless sheaths at base; sheaths glabrous. 



8A. Culms thickened at base; lemma awnless, 3-nerved 5. C. matsumttrae 



8B. Culms not thickened at base; lemma awned from the back, 3- to 5-ner\cd 6. C sachalincnsis 



7B. Culms without scaly leaves or with few, membranous, withering scales at base; sheaths usually with a ring of short hairs at 

 the summit. 



9A. Callus-hairs less than half as long as the lemma; leaf -blades narrowly lanceolate 14. C. tashiroi 



9B. Callus-hairs about 3<j as long as the lemma; leaf-blades flat or loosely involute 7. C. hal{onensis 



6B. Radical leaves prominent; culm-leaves mostly on the lower portion of the culm. 



lOA. Plant rigid, rather stout; leaf-blades 3-10 mm. wide; panicles dense, die branches strict, rigid, rather stout. 



8. C. autiimnalis 



lOB. Plant slender; leaf-blades 1-2 mm. wide; panicles rather open, the branches slender 9. C. deschampsioides 



3B. Awn long-exserted, geniculate, twisted; callus-hairs usually much shorter than the lemma. 



IIA. Awn from above the middle of the lemma; callus-hairs unequal in length, about J4~^ 3S long as the lemma. 



12A. Lemma nearly entire or minutely toothed at apex; callus-hairs y^-Yi as long as the lemma; awn 5-15 mm. long, usually 

 exserted near the middle of the lemma. 



13A. Culms with 4—7 nodes, commonly rather stout and tall; leaf-sheaths pilose around the summit 10. C. gigas 



13B. Culms with 1-3 nodes, rather slender; leaf-sheaths glabrous. 



14A. Leaf -sheath usually shorter than the internode; callus-hairs ^-^4 ^s long as the lemma 11. C. longiseta 



14B. Leaf-sheath usually longer than the internode; callus-hairs Vz-'Yi 3s long as the lemma 12. C. masamtinci 



12B. Lemma with the nerves and apical teeth excurrent into short erect awns; callus-hairs Yi,—Yi ss long as the lemma; awn 15-20 

 mm. long, exserted slightly below the apex, rather stout, prominently geniculate; rachilla prolonged at apex into an 



erect glabrous awn 13. C. jauriei 



IIB. Awn from near the base of the lemma; callus-hairs shorter and fewer 1/5-1/2 as long as the lemma on the sides. 



15A. Leaf-blades narrowly lanceolate, flat, thin 14. C. tashiroi 



15B. Leaf-blades linear, loosely involute or with loosely involute margins. 



16A. Plant 60-150 cm. high; panicles dense to loose; spikelets 3-5(-6) mm. long, slightly flattened; glumes slightly longer than 



the lemma; hills and mountains 15. C. arttndinacea 



16B. Plant 10-40 cm. high, panicles dense, often spikelike; spikelets 5-10 mm. long, strongly flattened; glumes narrow, con- 

 spicuously longer than the lemma; alpine slopes 16. C. purpurascens 



1. Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Roth. Arundo epigeios July-Aug. Wet sandy places along rivers; Hokkaido, 



L. Yama-awa. Rhizomatous; culms 60-150 cm. long, Honshu. Temperate regions of the Old World. 



rather rigid, erect; leaf-blades 5-13 mm. wide, rather rigid, 3. Calamagrostis langsdorffii (Link) Trin. Arundo 



scabrous; ligules 3-6 mm. long; panicles erect, 10-30 cm. long, langsdorffii Link; C. halleriana sensu Fr. & Sav., non DC; C. 



dense, ovate to narrowly lanceolate, branches semiverticillate, villosa var. langsdorffii (Link) Hack.; C. villosa sensu auct. 



prominently scabrous; spikelets narrowly lanceolate, 5-8 mm. Japon., non J. F. Gmel.; C. canadensis var. langsdorffii (Link) 



long, sometimes purple-tinged; glumes equal, barely lustrous, Inman Iwa-nocari-yasu. Rather tall gregarious peren- 



acuminate, usually 1-nerved, the keel very scabrous; lemma nial; culms 80-150 cm. long; leaf-blades glaucous-green, 20-35 



about half as long as the glumes, hyaline, 3-nerved, the mid- cm. long, 3-8 mm. wide, flat, scabrous; ligules ovate, pale 



nerve exserted near the middle into a slender included awn rusty-brown, 4-10 mm. long, obtuse; panicles nodding, ovate 



about 3 mm. long; callus-hairs numerous, slightly shorter than to lanceolate, 10-25 cm. long, the branches semiverticillate, 



the glumes. July-Sept. Grassy mountain slopes; Hokkaido, prominently scabrous; spikelets usually pale rusty-brown, 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. Temperate regions rarely greenish, dull, 3-5(-7) mm. long; glumes equal, 



of Eurasia. strongly scabrous; lemma slightly shorter than the glumes, 



2. Calamagrostis pseudophragmites (Haller f.) Koeler. 5-nerved, usually awned from the middle of the back, die awn 

 Arundo pseudophragmites Haller f.; A. littorea Schrad.; C. lit- included, slender, erect or nearly so, not exceeding the lemma; 



torea (Schrad.) Beauv.; C. onoei Fr. & Sav. Hossugaya, callus-hairs about as long as die lemma; palea 1/2-4/5 as long 



Toshima-gaya. Tall, stoloniferous perennial; culms 100-150 as the lemma. July-Sept. Wet places in forests and burnt 



cm. long, rather stout, rigid, usually scabrous in upper part; forest lands; Hokkaido, Honshu, and alpine slopes of Shikoku 



leaf-blades grayish green, 10-30 cm. long, 3-7 mm. wide, sea- Siberia, Korea, Sakhalin, and Kuriles. 



brous; ligules 3-8 mm. long; panicles nodding, 20-30 cm. 4. Calamagrostis neglecta (Ehrh.) Gaertn., Meyer, & 



long, dense, ovate to lanceolate, the branches semiverdcillate, Scherb. var. aculeolata (Hack.) Miyabe & Kudo. C. striata 



scabrous; spikelets linear-lanceolate, 7-8 mm. long, usually var. actt/^'otofl Hack.; C. acw/eotea (Hack.) Ohwi; C. nf^/fcto 



somewhat purplish; glumes prominently unequal, with con- sensu auct. Japon., non Gaerm., Meyer, & Scherb. Chishi- 



spicuously scabrous keels, the first 1-nerved, the second shorter, ma-gari-yasu. Culms 40-100 cm. long; leaf-blades 10-20 



4-5 mm. long, 3-ner^•ed; lemma 2/5-1/3 as long as the first cm. long, 2-5 mm. wide, loosely involute, scabrous above, 



glimie, about 2.5 mm. long, narrowly ovate, hyaline, 3-ner\'ed, slightly so beneath; ligules ovate, obtuse, 2-4 mm. long; pani- 



with an erect, included awn 1-1.5 mm. long from beUveen 2 cles narrowly ovate to lanceolate, erect, dense, 7-17 cm. long, 



minute teeth; callus-hairs slighdy shorter than the first glume. the branches semiverticillate, scabrous; spikelets pale green. 



