146 



Gramineae 



usually tinged with dull purple, 3-4 mm. long, acute; glumes 

 equal, narrowly ovate, scaberulous; lemma nearly as long as 

 the glumes, 5-nerved, awned below the middle, the awn erect, 



somewhat shorter to as long as the lemma. Aug.-Sept. 



Sphagnum bogs; Hokkaido, Honshu (Mount Zao, Ozenuma 

 in Kotsuke, Mount Kirigamine in Shinano and elsewhere); 



rare. Kuriles and Sakhahn. The typical phase is widely 



distributed in cooler regions of the N. Hemisphere. 



5. Calamagrostis matsumurae Maxim. Mutsu-nogari- 

 YASU. Tufted perennial; culms rather robust, 50-100 cm. 

 long, thickened at base, with few whitish, coriaceous, lustrous, 

 bladeless sheaths; leaf-blades green, nearly flat, 15-30 cm. long, 

 3-8 mm. wide, scabrous; ligules ovate, 2-6 mm. long; panicles 

 7-15 cm. long, erect, lustrous, the branches semiverticillate, 

 scabrous; spikelets broadly lanceolate, acute, 3-5 mm. long, 

 pale green, sometimes purple-tinged; glumes nearly equal, 

 broadly lanceolate, nearly smooth, the keel slightly scabrous; 

 lemma slightly shorter than the glumes, 3-nerved, awnless; 



callus-hairs 1/3-1/2 as long as the lemma. July-Sept. 



Grassy alpine slopes; Honshu (n. distr.). 



6. Calamagrostis sachalinensis F. Schmidt. C. in- 

 aequiglumis Hack.; C. variiglumis Takeda; Deyeuxia sachali- 

 nensis (F. Schmidt) Rendle Takane-nogari-yasu, Onoe- 



GARi-YASu. Tufted perennial; culms slender, usually sca- 

 brous in upper part, 30-60 cm. long; leaf-blades rather flat, 

 glabrous, 10-30 cm. long, 3-6 mm. wide, nearly smooth and 

 rather lustrous beneath; ligules about 1.5 mm. long, semi- 

 rounded; panicles 5-10 cm. long, branches 2- to 6-nate, sca- 

 brous; spikelets broadly lanceolate, acuminate, 3.5-5.5 mm. 

 long, pale green, sometimes slightly purple-tinged; glumes un- 

 equal, nearly smooth, the first often caudately elongate and 

 slighdy recurved above, the second slightly shorter, with 1 

 main nerve and short lateral nerves, acute, the keel sometimes 

 scabrid above; lemma 3- to 5-nerved, awned below the middle 

 or just above the base, the awn short, erect, included; callus- 

 hairs 1/2-2/3 as long as the lemma. Aug.-Sept. Conifer- 

 ous woods in high mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. 



distr. and northw.), Shikoku. s. Kuriles, Sakhalin, and 



Kamchatka. 



7. Calamagrostis hakonensis Fr. & Sav. C. orthophyUa 

 Hayata & Honda; C. exaristata Honda; C. kpidzumiana Ohwi; 

 C. scaberrima Honda; C. ha\onensis var. aristata (Honda) 

 Ohwi; C. matsumurae var. aristata Honda; C. hiyamana 



Honda Hime-nogari-yasu. Slender perennial; culms 30- 



60 cm. high; leaf -blades rather flat or loosely involute, 7-30 cm. 

 long, 3-8 mm. wide, somewhat scabrous; ligules 1-1.5 mm. 

 long; panicles 5-15 cm. long, ovoid to lanceolate, the branches 

 2- to 5-nate, slender, scabrous; spikelets sometimes tinged with 

 dull purple, 3.5-6 mm. long, acute, somewhat lustrous; glumes 

 equal; lemma nearly as long as the glumes, 5-nerved, the awn 

 erect from the back near base, usually shorter than the lemma, 



sometimes obsolete; callus-hairs shorter than the lemma. 



July .-Oct. Woods in mountains and hills; Hokkaido, Hon- 

 shu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather common and variable. s. 



Kuriles and China. 



8. Calamagrostis autumnalis Koidz. C. \irishimensis 



Honda; C. insularis Honda Kirishima-nogari-yasu. 



Rather rigid perennial; culms strict, 20-60 cm. long, smooth; 

 leaf-blades rather flat, glaucous-green, 10-30 cm. long, 3-10 

 mm. wide, smooth, glabrous, auriculately dilated at base; 

 sheaths pilose on the collar; ligules truncate, 1-2 mm. long; 

 panicles strict, broadly lanceolate, 5-15 cm. long, the branches 



semiverticillate, smooth, rather rigid, ascending; spikelets 3.5-5 

 mm. long, pale green, often dull purple-tinged, lanceolate, 

 acuminate; glumes equal, scaberulous; lemmas as long as the 

 glumes, 5-nerved, awned below the middle, the awn erect, 

 straight, as long as the lemma, included; callus-hairs half as 



long as the lemma. Aug.-Oct. Mountains; Honshu (Izu- 



shichito), Kyushu. 



Var. microtis Ohwi. C. microtis (Ohwi) Ohwi ^Kuju- 



gari-yasu. Blades not distincdy auriculate at base, with 



short ligules; panicle branches scabrous. Mount Kuju in 



Kyushu. Thought by some authors to be a hybrid of C. arun- 

 dinacea X C. autumnalis. 



9. Calamagrostis deschampsioides Trin. C. nana 

 Takeda; C. levis Takeda; C. miyabei Honda; C. se\imotoi 



Honda; C. deschampsioides var. nana (Takeda) Takeda 



Hinagari-yasu. Slender perennials; culms 20-40 cm. long, 

 ascending to short-creeping at base, with few, membranous, 

 withering, short leaves at base; radical leaves elongate, invo- 

 lute, nearly filiform, the cauline few, the blades 2-8 cm. long, 

 1-2.5 mm. wide, loosely involute, smooth, the sheaths usually 

 longer than the internodes; ligules 1-2 mm. long; panicles 

 ovate to narrowly so, 5-12 cm. long, the branches 2- to 6-nate, 

 smooth, slender, ascending; spikelets usually purple-tinged, 

 lustrous, 4-5 mm. long, acute, broadly lanceolate; glumes 

 equal, smooth or slightly scabrous only on the keel above; 

 lemma slightly shorter than the glumes, 5-nerved, awned be- 

 low the middle, the awn straight, slender, as long as the 

 glumes, included; callus-hairs 1/3-1/2 as long as the lemma. 



July-Aug. Wet places in alpine regions; Honshu (centr. 



distr. and northw.) ; rare. Sakhalin, n. Kuriles, Kamchatka, 



Siberia, ne. Europe, and N. America. 



Var. hayachinensis Ohwi. C. \aialpina Honda ^Zara- 



tsuki-hinagari-yasu. Panicle-branches scabrous. Alpine 



regions of Honshu (Mount Hayachine and Mount Shirane 

 in Kai) ; rare. 



10. Calamagrostis gigas Takeda. C. robusta sensu 

 Hack., non Fr. & Sav.; C. subbiflora Takeda; C. alpicola Ohwi; 

 C. yezoensis Honda Oni-nogari-yasu. Stout, tall, peren- 

 nial; culms 80-200 cm. long, with 5 to 7 nodes, scabrous in 

 upper part; leaf-blades elongate, 4-12 mm. wide, rather flat; 

 sheaths smooth to scaberulous, usually short-pilose at the 

 mouth; ligules 3-5 mm. long; panicles large, 12-30 cm. long, 

 the branches semiverticillate, scabrous; spikelets narrowly 

 lanceolate, acuminate, lustrous, pale green, sometimes partly 

 purplish; glumes usually equal, rather smooth, narrowly lance- 

 olate, thin, 4-6 mm. long; lemma slighdy shorter than the 

 glumes, 3- to 5-nerved, the awn below the middle, slender, 

 slightly to scarcely exserted, callus-hairs 1/2-2/3 as long as the 



lemma. July-Sept. Mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (Ho- 



kuriku Distr., from Tamba Prov. northw.) . 



Var. aspera (Honda) Ohwi. C. aspera Honda Iwaki- 



nogari-yasu. Culms, leaves, and sheaths prominendy sca- 

 brous. Honshu (Mutsu Prov.). 



11. Calamagrostis longiseta Hack. C. grandiseta var. 



breviaristata Honda; C. longiseta var. contractu Ohwi 



Hige-nogari-yasu. Tufted perennial; culms 20-80 cm. 

 long; leaf-blades loosely involute, 15-30 cm. long, 2-5 mm. 

 wide, sometimes pilose above; ligules 1-3 mm. long; panicles 

 8-15 cm. long, branches semiverticillate, scabrous; spikelets 

 lanceolate, acuminate, 4-5 mm. long, purplish, lustrous; 

 glumes usually equal, nearly smooth, the keel scabrous above; 

 lemma slighdy shorter than the glumes, 5-nerved, minutely 



