154 



Gramineae 



Ao-KAMojiGusA. Tufted perennial without stolons; culms 

 30-100 cm. long; leaf-blades flat, green, 15-25 cm. long, 4-10 

 mm. wide, scabrous; spikes nodding, 10-20 cm. long, pale 

 green; spikelets numerous, erect, 4- to 7-flowered, 10-15 mm. 

 long; glumes narrowly oblong, 5- to 7-nerved, 5-8 mm. long; 

 lemmas 10-15 mm. long; glumes narrowly oblong, 5- to 

 7-nerved, 5-8 mm. long; lemmas narrowly oblong, 7-10 mm. 

 long, with long, spreading, rigid hairs or rarely glabrous, 

 prominendy 5-nerved above, the awn 15-20 mm. long, from an 

 entire or notched apex, rarely wanting; callus nearly smooth 

 and glabrous; palea 2/3-4/5 as long as the lemma, the keels 

 ciliate, at least above. May-July. Waste grounds and culti- 

 vated fields; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; very com- 

 mon. 



Var. pilosum (Korsh.) Honda. A. ciliare f. pilosum Korsh.; 

 A. amurense Drobov; A. japonicum Honda; A. japonense 

 Honda; A. mite Honda; A. ciliare var. hac\elianum (Honda) 

 Ohwi; A. japonicum var. hac\elianum Honda; A. hac\elianum 



(Honda) Beetle ^Tachi-kamoji. Spikes erect; lemmas 



glabrous, rarely strigose toward the margins. Low moun- 

 tains; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather common. China, 



Korea, Ussuri, and Manchuria. The typical phase occurs in n. 

 China. 



3. Agropyron gmelinii (Ledeb.) Scribn. & Smith var. 

 tenuisetum (Ohwi) Ohwi. A. turczaninovii var. tenuisetum. 



Ohwi Inu-klamojigusa. Green perennial; culms solitary 



or few together, 80-120 cm. long, usually with villous nodes; 

 leaf-blades nearly flat, green, 15-25 cm. long, 5-8 mm. wide; 

 spikes erect, 10-15 cm. long; spikelets numerous, green to 

 slightly purple-tinged, appressed, 15-20 mm. long, 5- to 

 7-flowered; glumes broadly lanceolate, 6- to 8-nerved, gradually 

 acute, 9-11 mm. long; lemmas 9-11 mm. long, scabrous, en- 

 tire; awn rather stout, elongate, slightly recurved above; palea 



as long as the lemma. June-July. Mountains; Honshu 



(Mount Kirigamine, in Shinano Prov.) ; rare. Korea and s. 



Kuriles. The typical phase occurs in Siberia and Manchuria. 



Agropyron caninum (L.) Beauv. Triticum caninum L. 



Ibuki-kamojigusa. Glumes 3-nerved, awns slender, 



erect. ^European introduction naturalized on Mount Ibuki 



in Honshu. 



4. Agropyron yezoense Honda. Ezo-kamojigusa. 

 Culms 70-100 cm. long, rather slender; leaf-blades flat, 15-25 

 cm. long, 3-5 mm. wide, green; spikes nodding, slender, 10-15 

 cm. long, green, die numerous spikelets loosely arranged, 15-20 

 mm. long, 5- to 7-flowered, appressed; glumes lanceolate, 3- to 

 5-nerved, short-acuminate, 6-8 mm. long; lemmas prominently 

 5-nerved above, rigidly ciliate toward the margin, 7-9 mm. 

 long, entire, the awn straight, slender, 15-25 mm. long; palea 



as long as the lemma, ciliate on the keels. July. Woods; 



Hokkaido, Honshu (mts. in Shinano); rare. e. Siberia, 



Manchuria, and n. Korea. 

 Var. tashiroi (Ohwi) Ohwi. A. tashiroi Ohwi. Lemmas 



glabrous. Honshu (Chugoku Distr.); rare. Korea 



(Mount Kongo) . 



5. Agropyron humidorum Owhi & Sakamoto. A. maye- 

 haranum Honda pro parte. O-tachi-kamoji-gusa. Culms 

 radier stout, tufted, 40-80 cm. long; leaf-blades 10-20 cm. long, 

 li-l mm wide, flat, glabrous, green; spikes erect, 10-20 cm. 

 long; spikelets loosely arranged, pale green, sometimes tinged 

 with dull purple, becoming brownish below when mature, 17- 

 22 mm. long, 4- to 7-flowered, appressed; glumes broadly lance- 

 olate, 3(-5) -nerved, 6-8 mm. long; lemmas glabrous, nearly 

 smooth, with very narrow, hyaline margins, the awn rather 



stout, straight, 2.5-3 cm. long. May-July. Wet grassy 



places in lowlands; Honshu, Kyushu; rather common. 



China. 



Agropyron X mayebaranum Honda. A. hatusimae 

 Ohwi;; A mayebaranum var. intermedium Hatus. Tariho- 

 no-6-tachi-kamoji. Spike nodding; lemmas scabrous on 

 nerves above. Hybrid of A. humidorum X A. tsu\ushiense 

 var. iransiens. Kyushu (n. distr.). 



6. Agropyron tsukushiense (Honda) Ohwi var. tran- 

 siens (Hack.) Ohwi. A. semicostatum var. transiens Hack.; 

 A. semicostatum sensu auct. Japon., non Nees; A. \omoji Ohwi 



Kamojigusa. Tufted perennial; culms 40-100 cm. long; 



leaf-blades green to glaucous-green, flat, 20-30 cm. long, 5-10 

 mm. wide; spikes nodding to pendulous, 15-25 cm. long; 

 spikelets erect, rather loosely arranged, pale green to glaucous- 

 green, sometimes purple-tinged, 15-25 mm. long, 5- to 

 10-flowered; glumes oblanceolate or broadly lanceolate, much 

 smaller than the lemmas, 3- to 5-nerved, short-acuminate and 

 short-awned or awnless, 5-8 mm. long; lemmas 9-12 mm. 

 long, broadly lanceolate, entire, glabrous, with hyaline mar- 

 gins, awn straight, scabrous, 2-3 cm. long; palea as long as the 



lemma, the keels winged, serrulate-scabrous. May-July. 



Grassy places and waste grounds in lowlands; Hokkaido, Hon- 

 shu, Shikoku, Kyushu; very common. Korea, Manchuria, 



China, and Ryukyus. 



Var. tsukushiense. Elymus tsu\ushiensis Honda; A. semi- 

 costatum. var. tsu\ushiense (Honda) Ohwi Oni-kamoji. 



Lemmas long-pubescent. Kyushu (n. Distr.) ; very rare. 



Agropyron nakashimae Ohwi. Zarage-kamoji. An al- 

 leged hybrid of A. ciliare var. minus and A. tsukushiense var. 

 transiens, with the aspect of No. 5, but the spikes erect or only 

 slighdy nodding, the lemmas pilose with long rigid hairs 

 toward margin. Honshu, Kyushu; rare. 



30. LOLIUM L. DoKu-MUGi ZoKU 



Annuals or perennials with flat leaf-blades; spikes slender, often nodding; spikelets solitary, placed edgewise on the con- 

 tinuous rachis, several-flowered, the rachilla disarticulating above the glumes and between the florets; first glume wanting 

 (except on the terminal spikelet), the second glume strongly 3- to 5-nerved, equaling or exceeding the second floret; lemmas 

 rounded on the back, obtuse, 5- to 7-nerved, obtuse, acute, or awned. About 8 species in Eurasia, two widely distributed. 



lA. Glumes shorter than the spikelet. 



2A. Short-lived perennial, usually producing sterile shoots at base; lemmas quite or nearly awnless 1. L. perenne 



2B. Annual or biennial, without sterile shoots at base; lemmas, at least the upper, awned 2. L. multiflorum 



IB. Glumes as long as to longer than the spikelet; annual or biennial. 



3A. Spikes flat; spikelets much broader than the rachis, with 6-10 florets 3. L. temulentum 



3B. Spikes nearly cylindric; spikelets scarcely wider than the rachis, with 3-6 florets 4. L. loliaceum 



