Gramineae 



157 



6A. Lower glume about 8 mm. long; lemmas 17-20 mm. long, with an awn 2-3 cm. long 5. B. sterilis 



6B. Lower glume about 15 mm. long; lemmas 25-30 mm. long, with an awn 3.5-5 cm. long 6. B. rigidus 



B. Lower glume 3- to 5-ncrved, the second 7- to 9-nerved; annuals with rather broad lemmas. 

 7A. .Spikelets cylindric while young, slightly flattened before anthesis; lemmas rounded on back, not keeled. 



8A. Lemmas narrowly oblong, scabrous, with a distinct, sometimes spreading awn 7. B. japonicus 



8B. Lemmas broadly oblong, the awn short, erect, or wanting. 



9A. Panicle open, the branches spreading; lemmas chartaceous, glabrous 8. B. secalinus 



9B. Panicle contracted, usually dense, the branches erect; lemmas membranous, densely pubescent 9. B. mollis 



7B. Spikelets prominently flattened throughout; lemmas sharply keeled on back 10. B. catharticus 



1. Bromus yezoensis Ohwi. B. ciliatus sensu auct. Ja- 

 pon., non L. Kushiro-cha-hiki. Sparingly pilose peren- 

 nial with short rhizomes; culms 70-120 cm. long, glabrous, 

 nodes about 6, pilose; leaf-blades membranous, linear, 20-30 

 cm. long, 6-10 mm. wide, flat; ligules about 1 mm. long, 

 truncate; panicles nodding, broadly ovate, 15-25 cm. long, the 

 branches 2- to 3-nate; spikelets pale green, tinged with yellow- 

 ish brown, 6- to 7-flowered, 15-20 mm. long; glumes narrow, 

 the lower 6-7 mm., upper 8-9 mm. long; lemmas 10-12 mm. 

 long, appressed-pubescent especially near margin, obtuse and 

 bidentulate, with a short awn between the teeth; palea 8-9 

 mm. long; anthers elliptic, yellow, 1-1.2 mm. long. June- 

 July. Grassy places in lowlands; Hokkaido. s. Kuriles and 



s. Sakhalin. 



2. Bromus inermis Leyss. Zerna inermis (Leyss.) 



Lindm.; B. glabrescens Honda; B. tateti'a\ii Honda Ko- 



suzuME-No-CHA-HiKi. Perennial with creeping rhizomes; 



culms 40-60 cm. long, glabrous; leaf-blades 10-15 cm. long, 

 3-8 mm. wide, nearly flat, somewhat firm; ligules less than 2 

 mm. long, truncate; panicles erect, 10-15 cm. long, rather 

 dense, the branches subverdcillate, short; spikelets narrowly 

 oblong, 12-25 mm. long, pale green, sometimes slightly purple- 

 tinged, 6- to 8-flowered; glumes acute, the lower 4-5 mm., the 

 upper 6-7 mm. long; lemmas narrowly oblong, about 10 mm. 

 long, membranous, obtuse, with 2 minute teeth, the awn 

 wanting or to 1 mm. long between the teeth; anthers linear, 



orange-yellow, 4-5 mm. long. Hokkaido, Kyushu; very 



rare; possibly not indigenous. Europe, Siberia, Mongolia, 



Manchuria, and N. America. 



3. Bromus pauciflorus (Thunb.) Hack. Festuca patici- 

 flora Thunb.; F. remotlflora Steud.; Bromus remotiftorus 



(Steud.) Ohwi Kitsunegaya. Rhizomes short, culms 



60-100 cm. long, retrorsely short-pubescent; leaf-blades deep 

 green, nearly flat, 25-40 cm. long, 4-7 mm. broad; sheaths 

 pilose; ligules semirounded, 1-2 mm. long; panicles nodding, 

 deep green, 20-30 cm. long, very loose, the branches geminate, 

 elongate, scabrous; spikelets loosely 6- to 10-flowered, 3-4 cm. 

 long; glumes linear-lanceolate, acuminate, the lower 5-7 mm., 

 the upper 8-12 mm. long; lemmas narrowly lanceolate, 12-15 

 mm. long, the awn erect, as long as to half as long as the 

 lemma; anthers 1.5-2 mm. long. June-July. Woods; Hok- 

 kaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; very common. s. Korea 



and China. 



4. Bromus tectorum L. Schedonorus tectorum (L.) 



Fries; Anisantha tectorum (L.) Nevski Uma-no-cha-hiki. 



Annual; culms 15-40 cm. long, soft-pubescent above; leaf- 

 blades pubescent, thin, 3-5 mm. wide; sheaths pubescent; 

 panicles 10-15 cm. long, somewhat nodding, the branches 

 subverticillate; spikelets nodding, broadly lanceolate, 12-20 

 mm. long, 5- to 8-flowered, pale green; glumes linear-lanceo- 

 late, sparingly pubescent, gradually acuminate, the lower 4-6 

 mm., the upper 8-10 mm. long; lemmas narrowly lanceolate, 

 pubescent, with 2 lanceolate teeth 2-3 mm. long, the awn 



erect; palea about 54 as long as the lemma; anthers about 

 0.7 mm. long, orange-yellow, ellipuc. Naturalized in Hon- 

 shu. Introduction from Europe. 



5. Bromus sterilis L. Zerna sterilis (L.) Panzer; Ani- 

 santha sterilis (L.) Nevski Arechi-no-cha-hiki. Allied 



to, but larger than the preceding; culms 30-70 cm. long; leaf- 

 blades and sheaths pubescent; panicles 10-20 cm. long, loose; 

 spikelets larger, 2.5-3.5 mm. long, 5- to 10-flowered; glumes 

 nearly linear; lemmas linear-lanceolate, scabrous, gradually 

 attenuate above into 2 teeth about 2 mm. long, long-awned; 



anthers about 0.7 mm. long. Naturalized in Honshu. 



Europe and w. Asia. 



6. Bromus rigidus Roth. B. villosus Forsk., non Scop. 

 HiGE-NAGA-suzuME-NO-CHA-HiKi, O-KiTsuNEGAYA. Pubes- 

 cent annual; culms 30-60 cm. long; leaf-blades 4-5 mm. wide; 

 panicles 10-20 cm. long, nodding or nearly erect, branches 

 nearly simple, with 1 or 2 spikelets, each 3-4 cm. long, 6- to 

 8-flowered; glumes linear-lanceolate, the lower 15-20 mm. 

 long; lemmas scabrous, with 2 teeth about 3 or 4 mm. long, 

 the awn rising from between the teeth; anthers 0.7-1 mm. 

 long. Naturalized in Honshu and Shikoku. Europe. 



7. Bromus japonicus Thunb. B. vestitus Schrad.; B. 



patulus Mert. & Koch Suzume-no-cha-hiki. Densely 



pubescent annual; culms 30-70 cm. long; leaf-blades flat, 15-30 

 cm. long, 3-6 mm. wide; ligules subrounded, 1-2.5 mm. long; 

 panicles 10-25 cm. long, broadly ovate, somewhat nodding to 

 secund, branches 4- to 6-nate; spikelets rather dense, oblong, 

 15-25 mm. long, 6-8 mm. wide, rather densely 6- to 

 10-flowered, yellowish green; glumes scabrous, the lower 

 broadly lanceolate, 5-7 mm. long, acute, 3-nerved, the upper 

 7- to 9-nerved, narrowly oblong, 7-8 mm. long, acute; lemmas 

 thinly chartaceous, narrowly ovate-oblong, 9-11 mm. long, 

 obtuse, slighdy inflated above the middle on margin, the awn 

 inserted below the apex, 2-3 mm. long, straight in the lower 

 floret, to 12 mm. long, recurved in the upper florets; palea 7-8 



mm. long; anthers 1 mm. long. May-July. Waste places 



and cultivated fields; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; 

 very common. Temperate regions of the N. Hemisphere. 



8. Bromus secalinus L. Karasu-no-cha-hiki. Gla- 

 brous annual; culms erect, 30-60 cm. long; leaf-blades ^-6 mm. 

 wide; panicles 7-15 cm. long, nodding, the branches sub- 

 verticillate; spikelets narrowly oblong, 15-20 mm. long, slightly 

 inflated, 6-8 mm. wide, 5- to 15-flowered; lower glume lanceo- 

 late, 3- to 5-nerved, upper glume oblong, 6-7 mm. long, obtuse, 

 7-nerved; lemmas elliptic, 7-nerved, obtuse, chartaceous, lead- 

 green, nearly smooth, glabrous, 2-toothed at ape.\, the awn 

 somewhat fle.\uous, shorter than the lemma, those of the lower 



florets often absent; anthers about 2 mm. long. Naturalized 



in Hokkaido and Honshu (n. and centr. distr.). Europe 



and Siberia. 



9. Bromus mollis L. B. hordcaceus sensu auct. Japon., 



non L. Hama-cha-hiki. Annual; culms 10-60 cm. long; 



leaf-blades linear, flat, 3-5 mm. wide, short-pubescent; panicles 



