Gramineae 



171 



branches single or in pairs, divaricately branched, very slender, 

 few-flowered; spikelets green, 1- to 3-flowered, 3-5 mm. long; 

 glumes nearly hyaline, 1-1.5 mm. long; lemmas narrowly 

 ovate, smoodi, glabrous, obtuse; keels of palea mostly smooth; 

 anthers about 1 mm. long; caryopsis ovoid, with a whitish, 

 mammilliform beak. Aug.-Sept. Mountain woods; Hok- 

 kaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather rare. Korea 



(Quelpaert Isl.). 

 2. Diarrhena fauriei (Hack.) Ohwi. Molinia jauriei 



Hack.; Neomolinia fauriei (Hack.) Honda Hiroha-numa- 



CAYA. Allied to but plants slightly larger than the preced- 



ing, and the culms stiffer, 60-80 cm. long; leaf-blades fiat, 

 25-30 cm. long, 7-18 mm. wide, often sparingly pilose above; 

 panicles at length exserted, narrow, the branches erect or 

 nearly so, stiffer; spikelets 5-7 mm. long, 2- rarely 1-flowered, 

 broadly lanceolate while young, narrowly ovate at maturity; 

 glumes about 1.5 and 2 mm. long, respecdvely; lemmas nar- 

 rowly ovate, 3.5-4.5 mm. long, smooth, the keels of palea 



scabrous above; anthers about 2 mm. long. Aug.-Sept. 



Mountain woods; Honshu (Shinano Prov.); very rare. 



Korea, Manchuria, and Ussuri. 



53. MOLINIOPSIS Hayata Numagaya Zoku 



Erect perennials, from short, creeping, ligneous rhizomes, a portion of the thickened basal part of culms persistent for several 

 years; spikelets 2- to 8-flowered, rather flattened, articulate below the florets; florets bisexual; glumes slightiy distant, thinly 

 chartaceous, keeled, shorter than the lemmas; lemmas chartaceous, smooth, glabrous, lustrous, convolute while young, acute, 

 awnless, not keeled, 3-nerved; callus slightiy elongate, with a tuft of hairs; rachilla nearly glabrous; palea as long as the lemma, 



2-keeled, ovate; stamens 3; ovary glabrous; caryopsis oblong. Few species, in e. Asia. Differing from the European Molinia, 



in the hairy callus. 



narrow to open, branches single or geminate, sometimes 

 ternate, with few long hairs in the axils while young; spikelets 

 8-12 mm. long, lustrous, 2- to 6-flowered; glumes narrowly 

 deltoid, acute, 1- to 3-nerved, 3-5 mm. and 4-5 mm. long, 

 respectively; lemmas broadly lanceolate, rounded on back, 

 4-5.5 mm. long; callus-hairs about 1 mm. long; anthers 2-3 



mm. long; stigma often purplish. Aug.-Oct. Wet places 



in lowlands to alpine regions, sometimes in sphagnum bogs; 



Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu; rather common. Korea and s. 



Kuriles. 



1. Moliniopsis japonica (Hack.) Hayata. Molinia ja- 

 ponica Hack.; Moliniopsis spiculosa Honda, excl. syn.; Flu- 

 minea spiculosa Honda, excl. syn.; Graphephorum nipponicum 

 Honda; Moliniopsis nipponica (Honda) Honda Numa- 

 gaya. Densely tufted perennial from short rhizomes; culms 

 firm, smooth, 30-100 cm. long, the few basal short, thickened 

 internodes persistent for several years; leaf-blades linear, 20-50 

 cm. long, 2-10 mm. wide, with loosely involute margins, 

 glaucous above, obscurely jointed at base with the sheath, the 

 sheaths with a ring of short hairs; panicles 10-40 cm. long. 



54. HAKONECHLOA Makino ex Honda Urahagusa Zoku 



Tufted perennial with elongate culms, not thickened at base; leaf-blades broadly linear, glaucous above; spikelets in loose 

 panicles, 5- to 10-flowered, slightiy flattened; glumes thinly chartaceous, 1- to 3-nerved, acute, scarcely keeled, slightiy distant; 

 lemmas convolute when young, chartaceous, lustrous, narrowed into a slightiy bidentate apex, the midnerve excurrent between 

 minute teeth into an erect awn about 3 mm. long, the internerves glabrous, the margins appressed-pilose; rachilla elongate, pilose, 

 disarticulating at the base of each segment, forming a hairy stipe below the floret; palea slightly shorter than the lemma, 

 sparsely long-pilose on the margins; stamens 3; ovary glabrous; stigma deep yellow or deep purple when dried; caryopsis oblong, 

 scarcely flattened. One species in Japan. 



1. Hakonechloa macra (Munro) Makino. Phragmites 

 macra Munro Urahagusa. Creeping rhizomes and sto- 

 lons covered with short, lustrous, ratiier coriaceous, white 

 scales; culms slender, 40-70 cm. long, ascending to spreading, 

 smooth; leaf -blades broadly linear, 10-25 cm. long, 4-8 mm. 

 wide, flat or with loosely involute margins, glabrous, glaucous 

 above, narrowed at both ends; sheaths sometimes dull purplish 

 with a minute ring of short hairs on the collar; ligules nearly 

 obsolete; panicles open, ovate, 5-15 cm. long, tiie branches 

 geminate, scabrous; spikelets yellowish green, linear-oblong, 



1-2 cm. long; glumes broadly lanceolate, acute, 3-4 mm. and 

 4-5 mm. long, respectively; lemmas broadly lanceolate, 6-7 

 mm. long, the awn slender, erect, 1/2-4/5 as long as the 

 lemma; rachilla joints about 2 mm. long, densely clothed with 

 white hairs 1-1.5 mm. long; anthers 2-3 mm. long; caryopsis 

 about 2 mm. long, glabrous, with a shallow groove on ventral 



side at base. Aug.-Oct. Wet rocky cliffs in mountains; 



Honshu (Tokaido Distr. from Sagami to Kii Prov.) ; rather 

 rare. Variegated forms are cultivated as ornamental pot-plants. 



55. ERAGROSTIS Beauv. Suzumegaya Zoku 



Glabrous to pilose annuals or perennials with linear, flat or involute leaf-blades and paniculate inflorescence; spikelets few- 

 to many-flowered, flat; florets bisexual; rachilla articulate below the florets, sometimes not disarticulate until after the fall of the 

 lemmas and paleas with the caryopsis; glumes 2, shorter than the floret; lemmas membranous or chartaceous, ovate, rather acute 

 to obtuse, imbricate, folded, glabrous or very rarely puberulent, 3-nerved, entire, awnless, sometimes falling with the caryopsis; 

 palea attached to the persistent rachilla with slightiy cur\-ed keels; stamens 3 or fewer; ovary glabrous; caryopsis ellipsoidal, not 

 adherent to tiie lemma and palea. More than 100 species, chiefly in warm-temperate and tropical regions. 



