GRAMI^fEAE 



173 



Kyushu; very common. Sakhalin, Korea, Ussuri, Amur, 



China, Ryukyus, Formosa, Malaysia; naturalized in Europe 

 and America. 



7. Eragrostis bulbillifera Steud. E. brownii sensu Miq., 

 non Nees; E. bahiensis sensu auct. Japon., non Schrad.; E. 



atrovirens sensu auct. Japon., non Trin. Ito-suzumegaya. 



Perennial with short rhizomes and lanceolate, short innova- 

 tions; culms 30-60 cm. long, slender but rather stiff, smooth; 

 leaf-blades 10-20 cm. long, 1-3 mm. wide, with loosely in- 

 volute margins, rather firm, nearly glabrous, with long hairs 

 near base, the ligules very short; panicles broadly ovate, 10-20 

 cm. long, 8-12 cm. wide, the branches with a few hairs in the 

 axils, branchlets short, ascending or nearly erect; spikelets lead- 

 green to brownish green, dull, linear, 5-10 mm. long, 1.7-2 

 mm. wide, 15- to 25-flowered; glumes rather equal, 1.2-1.5 

 mm. long, acute; lemmas ovate to broadly so, about 2 mm. 

 long, rather acute, deciduous; palea at length deciduous, 

 slightly shorter than the lemma; anthers less than I mm. long; 



caryopsis ellipsoidal, about 0.6 mm. long, lustrous. Aug.- 



Oct. Grassy places and waste grounds in lowlands; Honshu 



(Tokaido and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu; rare. Ryukyus, 



Formosa, China, and Indochina. 



8. Eragrostis aquatica Honda. Numa-kaze-kusa. 

 Somewhat resembles the preceding; culms 30-50 cm. long; 

 leaf -blades 5-20 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide; sheaths sparsely 

 long-hairy near the mouth; panicles 10-20 cm. long, loosely 

 spiculose, the branches slender but rather stiff; pedicels short, 

 appressed to the branches or branchlets; spikelets linear, 8-15 

 mm. long, 1.3-1.5 mm. wide, flattened, grayish brown to 

 purplish, dull, rather densely (5-) 10- to 20-flowered; glumes 

 lanceolate, acute, 1-1.5 mm. and 1.5-2 mm. long respectively; 

 lemmas deciduous, ovate, 1.7-2 mm. long, acute, rather weakly 

 but distinctly 3-nerved; palea persistent at first, 1.2-1.5 mm. 

 long; anthers less than 1 mm. long; caryopsis oblong, less than 

 1 mm. long. Aug.-Nov. Honshu (w. distr.) ; rare. 



56. ELEUSINE Gaertn. O-hi-shiba Zoku 



Annuals; leaf-blades linear, inflorescence digitate, with few branches, somewhat laterally flattened; spikelets densely arranged 

 in 2 rows on one side of the branches, nearly sessile, 3- to many-flowered, jointed below the florets; florets bisexual; glumes 2, 

 shorter than the lemmas, keeled; lemmas narrowly oval to ovate, keeled, rather obtuse, with 3 closely parallel nerves, glabrous, 

 awnless; rachilla glabrous; palea 2-keeled, slightly shorter than the lemma; caryopsis with a thin, loose pericarp, or with a naked 



seed early breaking away from the pericarp, dark brown, with fine oblique cross lines. Few species, in warm-temperate and 



tropical regions. 



1. Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Cynosurus indicus L.; 



E. japonica Steud.; E. indica var. oligostachya Honda 



O-Hi-sHiBA. Annual; culms tufted, 30-80 cm. long, smooth; 

 leaf-blades green, slightly folded or flat, 15-40 cm. long, 3-7 

 mm. wide, usually sparingly long-hairy near base; ligules less 

 than 1 mm. long, hyaline, denticulate; branches of digitate 

 inflorescence 2-6, very rarely solitary, ascending, 7-15 cm. 

 long, 3-4 mm. wide, the rachis about 1 mm. wide, glabrous 

 except the axils; spikelets laterally flattened, pale green, ovate, 

 4-5 mm. long, 4- to 5-flowered, slightly lustrous; glumes lan- 

 ceolate, obtuse, with a scabrous, rather acute keel on back, the 

 first 1.5-2 nun. long, the second slighdy longer with 1 or 2 



pairs of short lateral nerves; lemmas broadly lanceolate, 3-3.5 

 mm. long, acutely keeled on back; anthers elliptic, about 0.7 

 mm. long; caryopsis ovoid, 1.5 mm. long, with 3 obtuse angles, 



enclosed in a loose paricarp. Aug.-Oct. Waste grounds 



and cultivated fields; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; one of the 

 most common weeds in Japan. Widespread in warm tem- 

 perate and tropical regions. 

 Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaerm. Cynosurus coracanus L.; 



E. indica var. coracana (L.) Fieri Shikoku-bie. A stout 



grass with branches about 1 cm. wide, brownish when mature, 

 and with larger seeds. Rarely cultivated on sterile soils. 



57. KENGIA Packer Chosen-gariyasu Zoku 



Somewhat tufted perennials with many-noded culms and short, flat to involute leaf-blades; inflorescence often cleistogamous 

 within the sheaths; panicles rather few-flowered, with few, ascending to spreading, simple branches; spikelets short-pedicelled, 

 slightly flattened laterally, 2- to 10-flowered, articulate below the florets; florets bisexual; glumes shorter than the lemma, mem- 

 branous, 1- to 5-nerved; lemmas lanceolate, thinly chartaceous, 3-nerved, slightly keeled, pilose toward the margin, nearly entire 

 or with 2 minute teeth at apex, awnless or with a short straight apical awn; callus obtuse, short-hairy; rachilla scabrous; palea 



as long as the lemma, 2-keeled; caryopsis lanceolate, glabrous, nearly terete. Few species, in temperate regions of Asia and e. 



Europe. 



1. Kengia hackelii (Honda) Packer. Cleistogcnes 

 hac\elii (Honda) Honda; C. serotina var. aristata (Hack.) Y. 

 L. Keng; Diplachne serotina var. chinensis Maxim., pro parte; 

 D. serotina var. aristata Hack.; D. hackelii Hondo Chosen- 

 gariyasu. Erect perennial with short rigid rhizomes and 

 small, ovoid, rather flattened, rigid innovation-buds covered at 

 base with few, yellowish, lustrous scales; culms 40-100 cm. 

 long, smooth, sometimes with a cleistogamous inflorescence 

 within the upper sheath; leaf-blades flat or with loosely in- 

 volute margins, somewhat spreading, linear, 4-10 cm. long, 

 3-6(-10) mm. wide, gradually acute, sometimes with a few 

 long hairs on both sides; sheaths short, sparsely long-hairy near 



the mouth and on upper margin; ligules very short, minutely 

 ciliate; panicles 4-8 cm. long, more or less one-sided, with 2 

 or 3 nearly simple, ascending branches; pedicels short, ap- 

 pressed to the branches; spikelets narrowly lanceolate, 2- to 

 4- sometimes 1-flowered, lead-green with reddish purple mark- 

 ings; glumes unequal, membranous, 1-nerved, the first nar- 

 rowly ovate, obtuse, about 1 mm. long, the second broadly 

 lanceolate, acute, 1.5-2 mm. long; lemmas lanceolate, 4-5 

 mm. long, with a slender awn 2-4 mm. long in cleistogamous 

 florets, the awn longer than the lemma; anthers 1.5-2 mm. 

 long in chasmogamic florets. Aug.-Oct. Honshu, Shi- 

 koku, Kyushu. Korea and China, Ussuri, and Mongolia. 



