178 



Gramineae 



1. Lepturus repens (G. Forst.) R. Br. RottboeUia re- 

 pens G. Forst.; Monerma repens (G. Forst.) Beauv. Hai- 



SHIBA. Firra perennial with extensively creeping stolons; 

 culms 15-30 cm. long or sometimes more, erect or ascending, 

 branched below; leaf-sheaths 2-5 cm. long, usually overlap- 

 ping, the ligule truncate, short, ciliolate, the blades fragile, 



linear, 5-15 cm. long, gradually narrowed to a fine point, usu- 

 ally loosely involute, glabrous, pale green; spikelets 7-15 mm. 

 long, the upper glume linear-lanceolate, gradually narrowed 



to tip, rigid. Oct. Seashores, Kyushu (Tanegashima) ; 



rare. Africa, India to Malaysia, North Australia, Polynesia, 



and Japan. 



67. ZOYSIA WUld. ShibaZoku 



Perennials with long rhizomes and stolons; leaf-blades short, linear to subulate; inflorescence a spikelike raceme, branchlets 

 short; spikelets 1-flowered, bisexual, laterally compressed, articulate above the pedicel, glabrous; first glume usually wanting, 

 rarely developed as a small hyaline membrane, the second coriaceous, strongly flattened, lustrous, oblong, awnless; lemma small, 

 membranous, included within the second glume, faintly 3-nerved, smooth, glabrous; palea usually obsolete; caryopsis smooth, 



glabrous; styles slender, sometimes colored, protruding above the glumes and lemma. ^Few species, in e. Asia, Australia, and 



Africa. 



lA. Plants stoloniferous; spikelets 2.5-3.5 mm. long, 0.8-1.5 mm. wide. 



2A. Spikelets ovate, 2-2.5 times as long as wide; leaf-blades 2-5 mm. wide \. Z. japonica 



2B. Spikelets narrowly oblong, 3-4 times as long as wide; leaf-blades less than 1 mm. wide 2. Z. tenuifolia 



IB. Stolons absent; spikelets 4-8 mm. long, 1.2-2.2 mm. wide. 



3A. Spikelets 1.2-1.5 mm. wide, lanceolate 3. Z. sinica 



3B. Spikelets 1.8-2.2 mm. wide, narrowly oblong 4. Z. macrostachya 



1. Zoysia japonica Steud. Z. pungens sensu auct. Ja- Ko-oni-shiba, O-hari-shiba. Spikelets slightly shorter 



pon., non Willd.; Z. pungens var. japonica (Steud.) Hack.; than in var. nipponica, 4-5 mm. long. Sandy seashores; 



Osterdamia japonica (Steud.) Hitchc. Shiba. Stolons Kyushu (Tanegashima). Ryukyus, Formosa, and China. 



elongate, with shoots at the nodes; culms 10-20 cm. long, Var. nipponica Ohwi. Z. sinica sensu auct. Japon., non 



erect, firm, leafy only near base; leaf-blades 5-10 cm. long, 2-5 Hance Nagami-no-oni-shiba. Rhizomatous; culms erect 



mm. wide, flat or with loosely involute margins, sparsely long- or ascending, rather slender, firm, 10-25 cm. long; leaf-blades 

 pilose while young; racemes long-exserted, 3-5 cm. long, linear- ascending or nearly erect, flat or involute, 3-7 cm. long, 2-3 

 lanceolate; spikelets obliquely oblong-ovate, about 3 mm. long, mm. wide, long-hairy at the mouth; racemes slighdy exserted, 

 1.2-1.5 mm. wide, lustrous; second glume coriaceous, smooth, linear-lanceolate, 3-5 cm. long, 4-7 mm. wide, densely flow- 

 glabrous, rather obtuse or with a mucro about 1 mm. long, ered; spikelets lanceolate, appressed, 5-7 mm. long, 1.2-1.5 

 faindy 5-nerved; lemma slightly shorter than the second mm. wide; second glume coriaceous, lustrous; lemma 3-4 mm. 



glume, folded, lanceolate, chartaceous, rather obtuse, 1-nerved; long, lanceolate; anthers linear, 1.5-2 mm. long. Sand 



anthers about 1.5 mm. long. May-June. Sunny slopes in dunes near seashores; Honshu (Kanto Distr. and westw.), 



mountains and hills; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; Shikoku, Kyushu; rather common. ^Korea and Manchuria. 



common and frequendy cultivated as a lawn grass. Korea 4. Zoysia macrostachya Fr. & Sav. Osterdamia macro- 



and China. stachya (Fr. & Sav.) Honda Oni-shiba. Rhizomes long- 



2. Zoysia tenuifolia Willd. Z. pungens var. tenuifolia creeping; culms 10-20 cm. long; leaf-blades firm, short-linear 

 (Willd.) Dur. & Schinz; Osterdamia tenuifolia (Willd.) O. or narrowly lanceolate, spreading, nearly flat to involute, 3-5 



Kuntze ^Korai-shiba. Much slenderer than the preced- cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, long-hairy at the mouth; uppermost 



ing; culms 7-20 cm. long; leaf -blades filiform-subulate, invo- sheada slightly inflated above; racemes pardy enclosed within 



lute or strongly folded, 0.3-0.7 mm. wide, ascending to erect, the sheath, 3^ cm. long, 6-8 mm. wide, densely flowered; 



long-hairy at die mouth; racemes 1-3 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, spikelets rather appressed, narrowly oblong; second glume 



exserted, pale yellow; spikelets rather few; second glume 6-8 mm. long, 1.8-2.2 mm. wide, biconvex; lemma oblanceo- 



broadly lanceolate, rather acute, coriaceous, 2.5-3.5 mm. long, late, about 4 mm. long, rather acute, folded; stamens 3, the 



about 0.7 mm. wide, faindy 5-nerved, rarely with a mucro at andiers 2-2.5 mm. long; caryopsis obovate-oblong, slighdy 



apex; lemma lanceolate, 2-2.5 mm. long, radier obtuse, less than 2 mm. long, somewhat laterally flattened, glabrous, 



1-nerved, keeled; anthers about 1 mm. long. Honshu, Shi- the hilum linear. June-Aug. Sand dunes along seashores; 



koku, Kyushu; possibly not indigenous; widely cultivated as Hokkaido (sw. distr.), Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. 



a lawn grass in southern countries. Ryukyus, Formosa, Ryukyus. 



China, and s. Asia. Zoysia hondana Ohwi. Z. sinica var. robusta Honda 



3. Zoysia sinica Hance var. sinica. Z. matrella var. Suna-shiba. An alleged hybrid of Z. japonica and Z. macro- 

 macrantha Nakai; Z. sinica var. macrantha (Nakai) Ohwi; stachya. 



Osterdamia liu\iuensis Honda; Z. liukjuensis (Honda) Honda 



68. ARUNDINELLA Raddi Toda-shiba Zoku 



Rather small to stout grasses; leaf-blades linear; panicles narrow to open; spikelets pedicelled, acute to acuminate, articulate 

 above the pedicel, 2-flowered, commonly geminate on branchlets, the lower floret sterile; first glume short, awnless, the second 

 acuminate or with a short, erect awn, rather large, few-nerved; sterile lemma awnless, rather thin, with a hyaline palea; fertile 

 lemma membranous or chartaceous, smaller, entire or with 2 minute awnlike points, the awn terminal, slender, geniculate. 



