182 Gramineae 



Var. oryzetorum (Makino) Ohwi. Panicum indicum var. leaves 10-20 cm. long, 3-6 mm. wide; spike purplish, 3-12 cm. 



oryzetoriim Makino; P. oryzetorum (Makino) Makino; S. long, erect, densely flowered. Paddy fields and along river- 



oryzetorum (Makino) Honda; S. angusta sensu auct. Japon., banks; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. Ryukyus, For- 



non Stapf Ndmerigusa. Culms erect, 30-60 cm. long; mosa, and China. 



73. PANICUM L. KibiZoku 



Annuals or perennials; leaf-blades linear or short linear, sometimes convolute; culms sometimes stout; panicles usually loose 

 and open, much branched; spikelets pedicellate, lanceolate to broadly ovate, terete or slighdy compressed; glumes membranous, 

 the first usually shorter than the spikelet; sterile lemma similar to the second glume, often paleate and staminate; fertile lemma 



coriaceous, usually lustrous, smooth or rarely rugulose; stamens 3. About 500 species, widely distributed in warm-temperate 



and tropical regions. 



lA. Spikelets about 2 mm. long; culms much branched; panicles very loose and open; annual 1. P. bisulcatum 



IB. Spikelets 2.5-3 mm. long. 



2A. Annual 2. P. dichotomiflorum 



2B. Perennial with creeping rhizomes 3. P. repens 



1. Panicum bisulcatum Thunb. P. acroanthum Steud. scabrous; spikelets loosely arranged, on rather long pedicels, 



NuKA-KiBi. Glabrous, slender, soft annual; culms 30- ovate-oblong, acute, slightly compressed, about 2.5 mm. long, 



120 cm. long, erect, from a decumbent weak base, much pale green, often purplish, glabrous; first glume truncate or 



branched, straggling, glabrous; leaf-blades linear, flat, slighdy obtuse, 1/5-1/4 as long as the spikelet, the second and sterile 



scabrous, 5-30 cm. long, 4-12 mm. wide; ligules hyaline, trun- lemma longer, acute, 5- to 7-nerved, membranous; fertile 



cate, to 0.5 mm. long, glabrous; sheaths smooth, ciholate; pani- lemma oblong, rather obtuse, smooth, lustrous, 1.7-2 mm. 



cles large and effuse, loose, rounded-ovate, erect, 12-30 cm. long. Sept.-Oct. Naturalized in waste grounds; Honshu. 



long and as wide, the branches very slender, much branched, N. America. 



spreading, intricate, very loosely spiculose; spikelets pedicelled, 3. Panicum repens L. Hai-kibi. Rather firm, pale 



elliptic, deep-green and purplish, rather acute, 1.8-2 mm. long; green perennial; rhizomes stout, long-creeping; culms 40-100 



first glume deltoid, acute or rather obtuse, 1/3-2/5 as long as cm. long, erect, usually simple, glabrous; leaf-blades linear, 



the spikelet, the second and sterile lemma longer, elliptic, with involute margins or nearly flat, coarsely and sparsely 



sometimes short-puberulent, weakly 5-nerved, thinly mem- pilose above, 8-20 cm. long, 5-8 mm. wide; ligules hyaline, 



branous; fertile lemma elliptic, 1.5-1.8 mm. long, obtuse, lus- truncate, cUiolate; sheaths ciliate; panicles at length exserted, 



trous, smooth, gray-brown when mature. July-Oct. Wet erect, 15-25 cm. long, the branches elongate, ascending at 



lowlands; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; very com- anthesis, scabrous, 10 to 15 cm. long; spikelets on upper part 



mon. ^Ussuri, Korea, Manchuria, China, Formosa, and of branches and branchlets pedicelled, pale green above, about 



India. 3 mm. long, scarcely lustrous, narrowly ovate-oblong; first 



2. Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. O-kusa-kibi. glume truncate, 1/5-1/4 as long as the spikelet, the second and 

 Rather large tufted annual; culms 40-100 cm. long, branched, the sterile lemma equal, larger, weakly 7-nerved, acute, thick- 

 glabrous, erect from an ascending base; leaf -blades linear, 20- membranous; fertile lemma white, lustrous, ovate-oblong, 



40 cm. long, 8-15 mm. wide, flat or sometimes with loosely rather acute, nearly 2 mm. long. Sept.-Oct. Grassy places 



involute margins, glabrous; ligule a series of short hairs; especially near seashores; Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus, For- 



sheaths glabrous, often somewhat purplish; panicles rather mosa, and in all warm and tropical regions. 



spherical, the branches spreading, rather slender, elongate, 



74. DIGITARIA Hall. Me-hi-shiba Zoku 



Perennials and annuals with linear, usually flat, membranous leaf-blades; inflorescence digitate, the branches usually simple, 

 in fascicles, terminal on the culm or slightly distant, the rachis slender, angular or flat, often narrowly wing-margined; spikelets 

 usually geminate, rarely solitary, lanceolate to ovate, dorsally compressed, unequally pedicellate or nearly sessile, usually puberu- 

 lent; first glume abaxial, minute or absent, the second membranous; sterile lemma nearly as long as the fertile, membranous, 5- 



to 9-nerved, with a minute palea; fertile lemma lanceolate to ovate, chartaceous with membranous margins. ^More than 



100 species, in warm-temperate and tropical regions. 



lA. Spikelets lanceolate, 2.2-3 mm. long, acuminate; pedicels triangular; fertile lemma chartaceous, usually pale, acuminate. 



2A. Perennial; racemes or branches of inflorescence erect, fasciculate even after anthesis; spikelets 2.2-2.5 mm. long; culms long- 

 decumbent, slender, from short rhizomes 1 . D. henryi 



2B. Annuals; racemes spreading after anthesis; spikelets 2.5—3 mm. long; culms erect from a decumbent base, without rhizomes. 



3A. Plant slender, nearly glabrous; culms often purplish; leaf -blades 4-7 cm. long; rachis of racemes smooth on margins; first glume 



obsolete or nearly so 2. D. timorensis 



3B. Plant usually pilose; culms usually green; leaf-blades 8-20 cm. long; rachis of racemes scabrous on margins; first glume minute 



but distinct 3. C adscendens 



IB. Spikelets ovate-elliptic, 1.5—2.5 mm. long; pedicels terete; fertile lemma usually black or dark brown, barely acute. 



4A. Spikelets 1.5-2 mm. long, rather flat on the outer face; hairs of spikelets crisped, not thickened at tip 4. Z). violascens 



4B. Sipkelets 2—2.5 mm. long, rather convex on the outer face; hairs of spikelets at least somewhat thickened at tip. . . 5. D. ischaemum 



