186 



Gramineae 



HiME-TA-iNUBiE. Intermediate between the typical phase 



and the following variety; leaf-blades narrower; spikelets pale 

 green; first glume about 2/5 as long as the spikelet; sterile 



lemma thickened, lustrous, glabrous, at least on the back. 



Honshu, Shikoku. Formosa, China, and India. 



Var. oryzicola (Vasing.) Ohwi. E. oryzicola Vasing.; E. 

 crusgalli var. hispidula Honda, excl. syn. ^Ta-inubie. 



Culms nearly erect from base; leaf-blades thickened on mar- 

 gins, scabrous; panicles usually pale green, erect, spikelets about 

 5 mm. long, awnless or short-awned; first glume 1/2-3/5 as 

 long as the spikelet; sterile lemma often thickened and coria- 

 ceous, glabrous, lustrous. Aug.-Oct. Wet places; common 



in paddy fields; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; a troublesome 

 weed. China, Korea, and India. 



79. BRACHIARIA Griseb. Niku-kibi Zoku 



Perennials or annuals; leaf-blades linear to lanceolate, usually flat; racemes loosely arranged on axis of inflorescence; spikelets 

 geminate or solitary, short-pedicellate, in 2 rows on rachis, oblong to elliptic or ovate; first glume adaxial, usually short, the sec- 

 ond and the sterile lemma similar, membranous, 5- to 7-nerved; fertile lemma oblong or elliptic, coriaceous, sometimes mu- 

 cronate, usually rugulose. About 50 species, chiefly in Africa, few in Asia and America. 



1. Brachiaria villosa (Lam.) A. Camus. Panicum villo- 



sum Lam.; P. coccospermum Steud. Birodo-kibi. Tufted, 



densely pubescent annual; culms erect, branching at base, 

 pubescent, 15-20 cm. long; leaf-blades lanceolate to broadly 

 linear, flat, 3-5 cm. long, 5-8 mm. wide, silvery-green, short- 

 acuminate, rounded at base; ligule a series of short hairs; 

 sheaths rather short; inflorescence exserted, erect, slighdy one- 

 sided, 4-6 cm. long, the branches 6-10, ascending, to 2-3 cm. 

 long; spikelets short-pedicelled, appressed to the rachis, ovate- 



elliptic, 2.5-2.7 mm. long, acute, pubescent, pale green, be- 

 coming pale yellow at maturity; first glume deltoid, 2/5 as 

 long as the spikelet, acute, the second nearly as long as the 

 spikelets, acute, 7- rarely 5-nerved, membranous; sterile lemma 

 as long as the spikelets, acute, 5-nerved; fertile lemma slightly 

 shorter, pale yellow, rather acute, narrowly ovate, finely 



rugulose, not lustrous. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rare. 



Ryukyus, Formosa, China, Malaysia, and India. 



80. ISACHNE R. Br. Chigozasa Zoku 



Small or rather large perennials or annuals; culms often branching at base; leaf -blades lanceolate to narrowly ovate, usually 

 with raised parallel nerves; panicles loose to contracted; spikelets ovate, obovate, or globose, 2-flowered; florets all bisexual; first 

 and second glumes alike, membranous, nearly as long as the florets; lemmas nearly alike, usually coriaceous to chartaceous, 



elliptic to orbicular, often puberulent. About 60 species, widespread in warmer regions of the world, abundant in tropical 



Asia. 



lA. Culms 20-50 cm. long, erect; leaves broadly linear; spikelets often dull purplish; pedicels with a sessile, obsolete gland. . . 1. /. globosa 

 IB. Culms 5-20 cm. long, long-decumbent at base; leaves broadly lanceolate; spikelets pale green; pedicels glandless. 



2A. Spikelets about 1.5 mm. long; plant very small, 5-10 cm. high, delicate; glumes glabrous at base, scabrous and with a few short 

 bristles toward tip 2. /. nipponensis 



2B. Spikelets about 2 mm. long; plant rather firm, 10-20 cm. high, with thicker leaves, glumes uniformly scabrous 3. /. \unthiana 



long, with pubescent nodes; leaf-blades membranous, flat, 

 broadly lanceolate, 15-30 mm. long, 4-8 mm. wide, short- 

 acuminate, cuneate at base, sparsely long-pilose on both sides, 

 many-nerved; sheadis 7-15 mm. long, long-ciliate; ligule a 

 series of short hairs; panicles loosely flowered, broadly ovate, 

 3-5 cm. long, the branches slender, ascending; spikelets green, 

 about 1.5 mm. long, broadly elliptic to nearly globose; glumes 

 equal, 3- to 7-nerved, rounded at apex, with few bristles of 

 unequal length on upper half; lemmas equal, elliptic, 1.2-1.3 



mm. long, loosely puberulent. Sept.-Oct. Wet places; 



Honshu (Kanto Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu; rather 



rare. s. Korea. 



3. Isachne kunthiana (Wight & Arn.) Nees. Panicum 

 kunthianum Wight & Arn.; 7. schmidtii Hack.; /. commelini- 

 jolia Warb.; /. firmula sensu auct. Japon., non Buse; /. myo- 

 sotis var. nudiglumis Hack.; 7. \untkiana var. nudiglumis 

 (Hack.) T. Koyama Atsuba-hai-chigozasa. Culms long- 

 creeping, 10-20 cm. long, and glabrous; leaf-blades herbaceous, 

 broadly lanceolate, 3-6 cm. long, 6-15 mm. wide, gradually 

 acute, obtuse at base, often puberulent beneath, thickened on 

 margins, with raised closely parallel slender nerves above; 

 ligules nearly reduced to a series of fine hairs; sheaths rather 

 short, ciliate; panicles at length exserted, open, 3-4 cm. long, 

 the branches rather thick, ascending, few-flowered; spikelets 



1. Isachne globosa (Thunb.) O. Kuntze. Milium 

 globosum Thunb.; 7. australis R. Br.; Panicum lepidotum 

 Steud.; Helopus globosum Steud.; Eriochloa japonica Kunth 



ex Steud. Chigozasa. Perennial; culms erect, ascending 



or shordy decumbent at base, 30-60 cm. long, glabrous; leaf- 

 blades firmly membranous, flat, broadly linear, 4-7 cm. long, 

 3-7 mm. wide, gradually acuminate, scabrous, with slightly 

 thickened margins, nerves not prominendy raised; ligule a 

 series of short hairs; sheaths rather short, glabrous; panicles 

 erect, open, 3-6 cm. long, the branches slender, elongate, 

 loosely branching, the pedicels with a pale yellow, obscure 

 gland, thickened at apex; spikelets broadly obovate to obovate- 

 globose, 2-2.2 mm. long, rounded at apex, pale green, some- 

 times slighdy purplish, slighdy lustrous; glumes equal, broadly 

 elliptic, obtuse, weakly nerved, smooth or slighdy scabrous 

 above, firmly membranous; lemmas as long as to slighdy 

 longer than the glumes, elliptic, unequal, somewhat coria- 

 ceous, pale yellow, rounded at apex, glabrous to puberulent on 

 margin. June-Aug. Wet places; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shi- 

 koku, Kyushu. Ryukyus, Formosa, China, se. Asia, Ma- 

 laysia, Micronesia, and Australia. 



2. Isachne nipponensis Ohwi. 7. myosotis sensu auct. 

 Japon., non Nees Hai-chigozasa. Slender, delicate peren- 

 nial; cuhns erect, long-creeping at base, glabrous, 5-10 cm. 



