194 



Gramineae 



1. Ischaemum aristatum L. 7. crassipes (Steud.) 

 Thell.; Andropogon crassipes Steud.; /. sieboldii Miq.; /. 

 sieboldii var. jormosanum Hack.; /. crassipes var. aristatum 



Nakai; 1. i\omanum Honda Kamo-no-hashi. Culms 



30-70 cm. long, branched and decumbent or ascending at 

 base, glabrous; leaf-blades flat, linear, 15-30 cm. long, 5-10 

 mm. wide, narrowed at the ends, glabrous, rarely with spread- 

 ing hairs; ligules short, truncate or bifid; sheaths glabrous or 

 ciliate; racemes 2, geminate, sessile, erect and appressed to 

 each other, 4-7 cm. long, joints of the rachis thick, nearly 

 glabrous; spikelets alike, broadly lanceolate to narrowly 

 obovate, usually glabrous, 5-6 mm. long, rather acute, awned 



or awnless; first glume narrowly winged at tip. July-Nov. 



Sandy seashores; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common and ex- 

 tremely variable. Korea, Manchuria, Formosa, and China. 



2. Ischaemum anthephoroides (Steud.) Miq. Rottbo- 



ellia anthephoroides Steud.; 7. eriostachyum Hack.; 7. ho\i- 

 anum Honda; Andropogon anthephoroides (Steud.) Steud. 



Ke-kamo-no-hashi. Culms 30-80 cm. long, from a 



branched, decumbent or ascending base, glabrous, hairy on 

 upper parts and nodes; leaf-blades flat, broadly linear, 15-30 

 cm. long, 8-12 mm. wide, usually appressed-pubescent on both 

 sides; ligules truncate, often bifid, sometimes lacerate; sheaths 

 usually appressed-pubescent; racemes 2, geminate, erect and 

 appressed to each other, 6-12 cm. long, sessile, with long 

 white hairs, the joints thick, 3-angled, white-ciliate on the 

 angles; sessile spikelet obovate to broadly so, 7-8 mm. long, 

 obtuse, usually hirsute on back; first glume with broad, more 

 or less serrulate wings; awn of fertile lemma perfect, ex- 



serted. July-Sept. Sandy seashores; Hokkaido, Honshu, 



Shikoku, Kyushu; common. Korea and China. 



98. PHACELURUS Griseb. Ai-ashiZoku 



Rather large, stout perennials; culms leafy; leaf-blades flat, with a thick midnerve; racemes 2 to several, congested, terminal 

 on the peduncle, the joints 3-angled, thick; spikelets alike, 2-flowered, the first glume of sessile spikelets coriaceous, lanceolate, 

 rather acute, 2-keeled, with inflexed margins, the second navicular; sterile lemma lanceolate, paleate and staminate; fertile lemma 



slightly shorter; pedicelled spikelets acute to acuminate, the first glume with 1 keel. Several species, in e. Asia, India, and the 



Mediterranean region. 



1. Phacelurus ladfolius (Steud.) Ohwi. Rottboellia 

 latifolia Steud.; Ischaemum latifolium (Steud.) Miq., non 

 Kunth, 1829; R. foliata Steud. Ai-ashi. Rhizomes elon- 

 gate, covered with short scales; culms stout, 80-120 cm. long, 

 erect, simple, glabrous; leaf-blades flat, broadly linear to nar- 

 rowly lanceolate, 20-40 cm. long, 1-4 cm. wide, long-acumi- 

 nate, with a rounded base; ligules truncate, 1-2 mm. long, 

 ciliolate; sheaths terete, ciliate and pilose around the mouth; 

 inflorescence digitate, terminal, exserted, glaucescent, some- 

 times dull purplish, erect, sessile, 10-25 cm. long; racemes 



5-12, rarely reduced to 1, the axis very short, the segments 

 3-angled, glabrous, slightly thickened above, nearly as long as 

 the pedicel; sessile spikelets appressed in the depression be- 

 tween the joint and pedicel, 3-angled, lanceolate, glabrous, 

 acute, about 10 mm. long, awnless; first glume nearly coria- 

 ceous, inflexed on margins, flat but somewhat concave above 



between the keels. June-Oct. Near seashores; Hokkaido, 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather common and gregarious. 

 Korea, Manchuria, and China. 



99. HEMARTHRIA R. Br. Ushi-no-shippei Zoku 



Perennials; culms decumbent, often creeping at base, rather slender, compressed, branching toward the ends; leaf-blades flat, 

 linear; racemes solitary, compressed, with a narrow spa the at base, the peduncle and rachis obtusely angled; spikelets awnless, 

 geminate on the nodes of the thickened rachis, one sessile and perfect, the other pedicelled and sterile, the pedicels thickened, 

 appressed and partiy adnate to the slightly grooved side of the rachis-joint; racemes compressed-cylindric, persistent until after 

 maturity; sessile spikelets narrowly ovate-oblong; first glume coriaceous, flat on back, tapering to a blunt tip, keeled and inflexed 

 near the margins; pedicelled spikelet similar, smaller. Several species, in the Tropics and warmer regions. 



lA. Culms long-creeping, rarely ascending or nearly erect at base; leaf-blades 7—15 cm. long, 2—5 mm. wide, slightly narrowed and obtuse 

 at apex; sessile spikelets 4-6 mm. long including the basal callus; first glume of sessile spikelets narrowly oblong, abruptly narrowed 

 above the middle to the obtuse apex 1. H. compressa 



IB. Culms erect or rarely short-creeping at base; leaf-blades 20-30 cm. long, 3-7 mm. wide, gradually narrowed and acuminate at apex; 

 sessile spikelets 5-8 mm. long including the basal callus; first glume lanceolate to broadly so, usually gradually narrowed from the 

 base to the obtuse apex 2. H. sibirica 



1. Hemarthria compressa (L. f.) R. Br. Rottboellia 



compressa L. f. Kobano-ushi-no-shippei. Rhizomes well 



developed; culms creeping to ascending at base, erect above, 

 glabrous, 70-100 cm. long, branching; leaf-blades glaucous, 

 7-15 cm. long, 2-5 mm. wide, slightly narrowed to the obtuse 

 apex, glabrous, rather rounded at base; ligules truncate, cilio- 

 late, about 0.5 mm. long; sheaths short, ciliate above; racemes 

 solitary, peduncled, subulate, slighdy curved, 5-8 cm. long, in- 

 cluded in the sheath at base; rachis joints 3-3.5 mm. long, the 

 spikelets adherent to the rachis joints; first glume of sessile 

 spikelets 4-6 mm. long including the basal callus, narrowly 

 oblong, narrowed above the middle to the obtuse apex; first 

 glume of pedicelled spikelets broadly lanceolate, gradually 



narrowed near base to the obtuse apex. July-Sept. Wet 



places in lowlands and near seashores; Kyushu. Ryukyus, 



China, Formosa, Indochina, and India. 



2. Hemarthria sibirica (Gand.) Ohwi. Rottboellia si- 

 birica Gand.; 7?. compressa var. japonica Hack.; H. japonica 



(Hack.) Roshev.; 7?. japonica (Hack.) Honda Ushi-no- 



SHIPPEI. Perennial; culms erect, ascending or short-creep- 

 ing at base, 80-120 cm. long, branching, glabrous; leaf-blades 

 flat, linear to broadly so, glaucous, 20-30 cm. long, 3-7 mm. 

 wide; ligules truncate, about 0.5 mm. long, ciliolate; sheaths 

 short, glabrous; racemes 5-8 cm. long, narrow, subulate, 

 slightly curved; rachis joints 4-6 mm. long, fused with the 

 pedicel; sessile and pedicelled spikelets similar in shape; first 



