Cyperaceae 201 



lOA. Bristles slightly longer than the achene, rctrorscly scabrous nearly to the base; rays of inflorescence and branchlets 



scabrous near tip; sterile shoots not elongate 4. 5. sylvaticus var. maximowiczii 



lOB. Bristles prominently flexuous, 3-4 times as long as the achene, with spreading to ascending spines only on apical 



part; rays of inflorescence and branchlets smooth; sterile shoots much elongate 5. 5. radicans 



9B. Spikelets 2-2.5 mm. long, densely congested in groups of 8-40; bristles erect, shorter than the achene. 



6. S. atrovirens var. georgianiis 



SB. Culms 15—40 cm. long; cauline leaves 3-7 cm. long; scales 3.5-4 mm. long 7. 5. maximowiczii 



7B. Culms smooth, lustrous, stiff, obtusely 3-angled; leaf-sheaths tightly surrounding the culm. 



IIA. Leaves not septate-nodose, prominently scabrous on margin; rays of inflorescence smooth or slightly scabrous at tip; 

 spikelets dark gray. 



12A. Cauline leaves 4-8 mm. wide; scales lanceolate, 0.7 mm. wide at base 8. S. mitsiikurianus 



12B. Cauline leaves 3-6 mm. wide; scales ovate or narrowly so, 1-1.3 mm. wide at base. 



13 A. Lateral inflorescence with 5-10 capitate clusters of spikelets, the terminal twice compound, with slender rays. 



9. S. karuizawensis 

 13B. Lateral inflorescence with 1 or 2 capitate clusters of spikelets, the terminal once-compound, with 3-6 stiff rays. 



10. S. jiiirenoides 

 IIB. Leaf-sheaths and under surface of the blade septate-nodose; rays and branchlets of inflorescence prominently scabrous; 



spikelets reddish brown 11.5. tvichurae 



6B. Stigmas 2; achenes biconvex; spikelets reddish brown. 



14A. Sheath of cauline leaves partially brownish; rays and branchlets of inflorescence smooth; spikelets in groups of 4-10, 2.5-3.5 



mm. thick; scales concolorous, 1 -nerved or very obscurely veined 12. 5. ternatantts 



14B. Sheath of cauline leaves pale green throughout; rays and branchlets of inflorescence scabrous at apex; spikelets in groups 



of 2-5, about 1.5 mm. thick; scales rusty brown with a broad green midrib 13.5. k.iushuensis 



5B. Spikelets several, sometimes solitary or numerous, relatively large; achenes 3-4 mm. long. 



15A. Spikelets 1-3; inflorescence simple; scales short-awned; stigmas 2; achenes with more or less concave faces, about 3 mm. 



long, broadly obovate, compressed 14. 5. planiculmis 



15B. Spikelets usually rather numerous; inflorescence compound; scales with a recurved awn; stigmas 3; achenes 3-angled, with 



flat faces, 3.5-4 mm. long, cuneate at base 15. 5. fiuviatilis 



IB. Inflorescence appearing lateral, the lowest bract culmlike as a continuation of the culm; spikelets 7-20 mm. long; leaves bladeless, ex- 

 cept No. 23. 

 16A. Inflorescence usually capitate; scales membranous to more or less coriaceous, faintly nerved; rhizomes almost wanting, except in 

 No. 16. 



17A. Rhizomes slender, elongate; culms solitary; spikelets usually 1 16. 5. lincolatus 



17B. Rhizomes wanting or very short; culms tufted; spikelets 3-12. 

 18A. Culms slender, terete or nearly so. 



19 A. Achenes 2 mm. long; scales nearly coriaceous. 



20A. Spikelets acute, pale green; bristles 4, much exceeding the achene 17. 5. wallichii 



20B. Spikelets rather obtuse, more or less stained ferruginous when dried; brisdes 5-6, shorter than or slighdy longer than the 



achene 18.5. juncoides 



19B. Achenes 1.2-1.5 mm. long, the bristles 1.5 times as long as the achene; scales relatively soft. 



21A. Spikelets 4-4.5 mm. wide; scales with an insignificant midrib on back; achenes compressed trigonous. . . 19. 5. hondoensis 



21B. Spikelets 3-4 mm. wide; scales with a very broad green midrib; achenes planoconvex 20. 5. kpmarovii 



18B. Culms acutely 3-angled 



22A Culms thick; spikelets long, not angled; achenes indistinctly rugose; style and stigma 4 mm. long; anthers 2.5 mm. long. 



21.5. triangiilatus 

 223. Culms relatively slender, the faces distinctly concave; spikelets angled; achenes distinctly rugose; style and stigma 2.5 mm. 



long; anthers 0.7 mm. long 22. 5. mucronatiis 



16B. Inflorescence corymbose, rarely capitate; scales hyaline, emarginate, mucronate, nerveless; achenes usually smooth; rhizomes 

 creeping or elongate. 



23A. Radical leaves with an elongate blade, linear, often overtopping the inflorescence 23. 5. nipponiciis 



23B. Radical leaves bladeless or nearly so. 



24A. Culms acutely 3-angled; rhizomes slender, elongate 24. 5. triquetcr 



24B. Culms terete; rhizomes short, stout 25. 5. tabernaemontani 



1. Scirpus caespitosus L. Trichophorum caespitosum phorum Asch. & Graebn.; Eriophorum hudsonianum Michx. 



(L.) Hartm. Mine-hari-i. Rhizomes densely tufted, Hime-wata-suge, Mn'AMA-SAci-sucE. Resembles No. 1, 



densely covered with coriaceous, decaying sheadis; culms 5-30 but slightly larger; culms slender, 10-30 cm. long, acutely 

 cm. long, terete, erect, leafless, smooth, enveloped by a few angled, scabrous, enveloped in hyaline bladeless sheaths at base; 

 coriaceous, lustrous, brownish sheaths 7-20 mm. long; spikelet spikelet solitary, terminal, broadly lanceolate, 5-7 mm. long, 

 solitary, terminal, narrowly ovoid, 3-5 inm. long, 2- to 5- narrowly ovoid when mature, bractless, 5- to 10-flowered, red- 

 flowered, tawny, bracdess; achenes broadly obovate, com- dish brown; achenes 1.3 mm. long, narrowly obovate, com- 

 pressed-trigonous, mucronate; brisdes 6, erect, 1.5 times as pressed-trigonous, mucronate; brisdes 6, filiform, much elon- 



long as the achene, nearly smooth; anthers 3, linear. July- gate and exserted, to 2 cm. long, white, smooth; anthers 



Aug. Wet slopes and moors in high mountains; Hokkaido, linear. June-July. Sphagnum moors; Hokkaido n. 



Honshu (n. and centr. distr.). Sakhalin, Kuriles, and cir- Korea, Kuriles, and circumpolar. 



cumpolar. 3. Scirpus pseudofluitans Makino. S. fuitans subsp. 



2. Scirpus hudsonianus (Michx.) Fern. Eriophorum pseudofluitans (Makino) T. Koyama Byakko-i. Pale 



alpinum L.; Trichophorum alpinum (L.) Pers.; 5. tricho- green, flaccid; sterile shoots elongate, the branches aggregated. 



