Cyperaceae 



207 



transversely oblong, not elevated; stamens 3, the anthers linear, 



about 1.5 mm. long. July-Oct. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. 



Korea, China, Ryukyus, Formosa, India, and Malaysia. 



7. Fimbristylis pierotii Miq. Nohara-ten-tsuki, Bu- 

 ZEN-TEN-TsuKi. Rhizomcs rather hard, creeping, to 5 cm. 

 long, covered with small deltoid scales; culms sohtary, 20-60 

 cm. long, slender, glabrous; leaves several, basal, shorter than 

 the culm, 1-2 mm. wide, glabrous, the mouth of sheath not 

 hairy; inflorescence 2-A cm. long, with 3-10 loosely disposed 

 spikelets, the bracts 2 or 3, subulate or scaly, short; spikelets 

 broadly lanceolate, 7-15 mm. long, 3-4 mm. wide, acute, 

 brownish; scales narrowly ovate, 5-6 mm. long; achenes about 

 1.2 mm. long, whitish, with transversely oblong reticulations, 

 the areoles slightly depressed in the center; stamens 3, the 



anthers about 2.5 mm. long, linear. July-Oct. Grassy 



places in mountains; Honshu (Kinki, Chugoku Distr.), Shi- 

 koku, Kyushu; rather rare. Korea, Philippines, and India. 



8. Fimbristylis sericea R. Br. Scirpus sericetis Poir.; F. 



velutina Franch. Birodo-ten-tsuki. Rhizomes creeping, 



covered with brown withered leaves; culms 10-30 cm. long, 

 firm and thick, appressed-sericeous while very young; leaves 

 flat, thick, 1.5-2 mm. wide, slightly shorter than the culm, 

 often more or less revolute, the mouth of the sheath not hairy; 

 inflorescence simple, umbelliform, with a few rather thick 

 spreading rays, the bracts 1 or 2, short; spikelets 3-10, clustered 

 at the apices of the rays, narrowly ovoid, 6-10 mm. long, about 

 4 mm. thick, grayish brown; scales broadly ovate, 3—4 mm. 

 long, keeled, many-nerved; achenes 1.5 mm. long, broadly 

 obovate, biconvex, dark brown, the reticulations minute and 

 indistinct; stamens 2 or 3, the anthers 1.5 mm. long, linear- 

 oblong. Aug.-Oct. Sandy places near seashores; Honshu 



(Hitachi, Etchu and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus, 



Formosa, China, Indochina, India, Malaysia, and Australia. 



9. Fimbristylis cymosa R. Br. F. spathacea Roth; F. 

 wightiana Nees: Scirpus glomeratus Retz., non L.; F. glo- 



merata (Retz.) Nees Shio-kaze-ten-tsuki, Shiea-ten-tsuki. 



Rhizomes thick, short, densely covered with withered leaves; 

 culms 15-40 cm. long, erect, firm, sulcate, many-leaved at base; 

 leaves stiff, flat, 7-20 cm. long, 1.5-3 mm. wide, abruptly 

 acuminate, recurved, the mouth of the sheath not hairy; in- 

 florescence compound, umbelliform, the bracts 1-3, much 

 shorter than the inflorescence; spikelets many to very many, 

 short-peduncled or sessile, in small clusters, oblong, 3-5 mm. 

 long, 2 mm. thick; scales broadly ovate, ferruginous, obtuse, 

 1.5-2 mm. long; achenes broadly obovate, biconvex, rarely 

 3-angled, about 1 mm. long, dark brown, smooth; stamens 1 

 or 2, the anthers 0.8 mm. long. Aug.-Oct. Near sea- 

 shores; Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus, Formosa, Malaysia, 



India, and Australia. 



Var. depauperata (T. Koyama) T. Koyama. Kujukuri- 

 TEN-TsuKi. Apparently annual; rhizomes wanting; leaves 

 softer, fewer, 1 mm. wide; inflorescence with rather few 



loosely disposed spikelets. Sept.-Oct. Near seashores; 



Honshu (Kadzusa Prov.). 



10. Fimbristylis miliacea (L.) Vahl. Scirpus miliaccus 

 L.; F. littoralis Gaudich. Hideri-ko. Annual or short- 

 lived perennial; culms tufted, 10-60 cm. long, compressed- 

 tetraquetrous, surrounded at base by a bladeless sheath; leaves 

 laterally compressed, distichous, soft, 1.5-2.5 mm. wide, long- 

 attenuate, the sheath keeled, strongly compressed; inflorescence 

 compound to decompound, loose to rather dense, the bracts 



l-A, short, setaceous; spikelets ovoid-globular to globular, 2.5-4 

 mm. long, 1.5-2 mm. across, obtuse or rounded, reddish 

 brown; scales ovate, about 1.5 mm. long, obtuse, hyaline, 

 somewhat cymbiform; achenes obovate, whitish, lustrous, 0.6 

 mm. long, obtusely 3-angled, with transversely oblong reticula- 

 tions; stamens 1 or 2, the anthers 0.5 mm. long. July-Oct. 



Common in wet places along rivers or in paddy fields; Hon- 

 shu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Pantropic. 



11. Fimbristylis diphylloides Makino. F. brevicoUis 

 Kuekenth.; F. globulosa var. torresiana sensu auct. Japon., non 



C. B. Clarke; F. campylophylla Tuyama Kuro-ten-tsuki. 



Rhizomes very short or nearly absent; culms 10-50 cm. long, 

 slightly compressed, surrounded below by a bladeless sheath; 

 leaves flat, 1.5-3 mm. wide; inflorescence simple or subcom- 

 pound; the bracts 4-6, erect, 1-2 cm. long; spikelets many, 

 ovoid, 4-6 mm. long, 2.5-3 mm. thick, dark brown to reddish 

 brown; scales membranous, narrowly ovate, about 2 rrun. long, 

 obtuse; achenes biconvex, lustrous, stramineous, obovate, 0.8 

 mm. long, with distinct, transversely oblong reticulations; 



stamens 1 or 2, the anthers linear, 0.5 mm. long. Aug.-Oct. 



Honshu (Shimotsuke, Noto and westw., including Sado Isl.), 

 Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea, Ryukyus, and China. 



12. Fimbristylis kadzusana Ohwi. Issun-ten-tsuki. 

 Annual; culms 4-15 cm. long; leaves few, flat, aggregated at 

 the base of culm, 2-6 cm. long, nearly I mm. wide, the sheaths 

 brown; inflorescence simple, the bracts 1 or 2, scalelike; spike- 

 lets 1-3, oblong, chestnut-brown, 5-7 mm. long, dull, obtuse; 

 scales thin, membranous, appressed, oblong, slighdy ciliate, 

 emarginate, the green midrib prolonged into a short upright 

 awn; achenes biconvex, broadly obovate, about 1 mm. long, 

 dark brown, more or less lustrous, nearly smooth; stamens 3, 

 the anthers 0.5-0.8 mm. long. Sept.-Oct. Honshu (Kad- 

 zusa) ; rare. 



13. Fimbristylis ferruginea (L.) Vahl var. sieboldii 

 (Miq.) Ohwi. F. sieboldii Miq.; F. leiocarpa Miq., non 

 Maxim. Iso-yama-ten-tsuki. Rhizomes hard, short, as- 

 cending; culms erect, 15-40 cm. long, firm, slightly thickened 

 at base, few-leaved at base; lower leaves bladeless, the upper 

 elongate but shorter than the culms, 1-1.5 mm. wide, stiff, 

 glabrous; the basal sheaths coriaceous, dark brown; inflores- 

 cence simple, the bracts 1-3, linear, the lower one slightly 

 longer or as long as the inflorescence; spikelets 1-5, narrowly 

 ovoid or narrowly oblong, 7-13 mm. long, about 3 mm. thick, 

 acute, terete, dull, dark brown or dark ferrugineous; scales 

 very obtuse and short-mucronate, 1-nerved, whitish puberulent; 

 achenes biconvex, dark brown, nearly smooth, 1-1.2 mm. long; 



stamens 3, the anthers linear, 0.8-1 mm. long. Aug.-Oct. 



Near seashores; Honshu (Kadzusa, Noto Prov. and westw.), 



Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea, Ryukyus. The typical phase, 



Shima-ten-tsuki, widi more robust parts and many spikelets, 

 is pantropic. 



14. Fimbristylis subbispicata Nees & Meycn var. sub- 

 bispicata. F. japonica Sieb. & Zucc; F. gynophora C. B. 

 Clarke; F. crassipes Palla; F. tristachya var. subbispicata (Nees 



& Meyen) T. Koyama Yamai. Rhizomes very short or 



nearly absent; culms erect, slighdy compressed, 10-60 cm. 

 long; leaves rather firm, 0.7-1 mm. wide, abrupdy obtuse, 

 glabrous; inflorescence of a single spikelet, rarely to 3, the 

 bract wanting or I, short, rarely to 5 cm. long; spikelet oblong 

 to ovoid, 8-25 mm. long, 4-7 mm. diick, terete, lustrous, 

 yellowish stramineous, partially reddish brown; scales rather 



