Cyperaceae 



215 



abruptly narrowed and acute, abruptly thin-margined. 



July-Oct. Wet places in lowlands; Honshu (Kadzusa, Mi- 



kawa, Ogami, and Tamba Prov.) Kyushu; rare. Africa, 



India, and Malaysia. 



4. Scleria parvula Steud. 5. fenestrata Fr. & Sav.; S. 



Ussellata sensu auct. Japon., non Willd.; S. \oreana Palla 



Ko-sHiNjuGAYA. Slender, glabrescent perennial; culms SO- 

 SO cm., smooth; leaves flat, 3-5 mm. wide, long-attenuate, the 

 sheaths broadly winged on the angle; partial panicles 4-6, 

 distant, erect, 1.5-3 cm. long, the branches smooth, suberect; 

 spikelets 4-5 mm. long; achenes nearly globose, whitish with 

 indistinct brown flecks, lustrous, 2 mm. across, glabrous or 

 slightly puberulent, with elevated reticulations; hypogynium 

 appressed, the lobes ovate-deltoid, abrupdy contracted at apex, 



with a projection on the center. July-Oct. Wet places; 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather common. Korea, China, 



India to Africa. 



5. Scleria rugosa R. Br. var. rugosa. S. pubigera Ma- 



kino; S. onoei var. pubigera (Makino) Ohwi; S. lateriflora 



Boecklr. ^Ke-shinjugaya. Rather soft perennial; culms 



10-30 cm. long, slightiy curved, smooth, densely pilose; leaves 

 flat, 2-3 mm. wide, abruptly acute, pilose, the sheaths acutely 

 angled, wingless, pilose; partial panicles 3-5, bearing rather 

 few spikelets, 7-15 mm. long, on arcuate or declined pedun- 

 cles; spikelets 2-4 mm. long; achenes whitish, lustrous, globose, 

 1.5 mm. across, glabrous, with coarse somewhat imperfect 

 reticulations; hypogynium appressed, the lobes deltoid, very 

 obtuse, slightly thickened on margin, flat, with a somewhat 



elevated longitudinal line in the center. July.-Oct. Wet 



places; Honshu (Kadzusa Prov. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyu- 

 shu; rare. Ryukyus, Formosa, China, India, Ceylon, Aus- 

 tralia, and Malaysia. 

 Var. glabrescens (Koidz.) Ohwi & T. Koyama. S. onoei 



Fr. & Sav.; S. onoei var. glabrescens Koidz. Maneki-shin- 



jUGAYA. Nearly glabrous throughout. — July-Oct. Wet 

 places; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; very rare. s. Korea. 



15. DIPLACRUM R. Br. 



Kagashira Zoku 



Small green annuals; culms leafy; leaves short, linear, short-sheathing at base; spikelets minute, in a short-peduncled, axillary, 

 densely capitate inflorescence; pistillate spikelets terminal, 2-scaled, 1-flowered, the scales all alike, few-nerved, 3-toothed, the 

 style 3-fid, the hypogynium (disc subtending the achene) inconspicuous; staminate spikelets lateral, 1- or 2-flowered, about 

 3-scaIed, the scales narrow, membranous; stamens 1 to 3; achenes globose, obtusely mucronate, lustrous, falling together with 

 the scales. About 2 species, in tropical regions of Africa, Asia, and Australia. 



1. Diplacrum caricinum R. Br. Scleria caricina (R. 



Br.) Benth.; S. onoei, sensu auct. Japon., non Fr. & Sav. 



Kagashira, Hime-shinjugaya. Glabrous annual; roots fi- 

 brous, purplish; culms simple or branching at base, 5 to 20 cm. 

 long, several-leaved; leaves flat, short, broadly linear, 15-25 

 mm. long, 2-3 mm. wide, rather abrupdy pointed at apex, the 

 sheaths 3-10 mm. long; partial inflorescences several, capitate, 

 axillary, short-peduncled, 3-5 mm. across, light green; pistillate 



spikelet 2-3 mm. long, short-peduncled, the scales oblong, 5- 

 to 8-nerved, 3-toothed at apex, die central tooth longer than 

 the others; achenes scarcely 1 mm. long, globose, indistincdy 

 3-ribbed, coarsely reticulate, more or less puberulent on the 



net. July-Oct. Wet places; Honshu (Kadzusa Prov. and 



westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu; rare Ryukyus, Formosa to 



India, and Australia. 



16. KOBRESIA Willd. Hige-hari-suge Zoku 



Perennials; culms 3-angled; leaves slender; spikelets in a terminal simple or branched spike, 1- to several-flowered, the terminal 

 spikelet staminate, the lateral androgynous or pistillate; flowers unisexual, the perianth wanting, die staminate consisting of 3 

 stamens and subtending bract (scale) ; pistillate flowers of a single pistil surrounded by a prophyllum (perigynium) and bract 

 (scale); perigynium open on one side at least above the middle; style single, hardly thickened at base; stigmas 2-3; achenes 

 biconvex or 3-angled. About 20 species, Europe, Asia, and N. America. 



1. Kobresia bellardii (All.) Degl. K. myosuroides 

 (Viil.) Fiori & Paoletti; Carex myosuroides Vill.; C. bellardii 



All.; K. scirpina Willd.; Elyna bellardii (All.) C. Koch 



HiCE-HARi-suGE. Densely tufted glabrous perennial; culms 

 slender, erect, 10-25 cm. long, obtusely angled, smooth; basal 

 sheaths broad, lustrous, dark chestnut-brown; leaves as long as 

 the culm, filiform, sulcate; spike 1.5-3 cm. long, linear, with 

 few loose spikelets; terminal spikelet staminate, several-flow- 



ered, the others androgynous, 2.flowered; scales thin-mem- 

 branous, broadly ovate, obtuse, chestnut-brown, lustrous; peri- 

 gynia ovate, 4 mm. long, free on margin, chestnut-brown; 

 achenes obovate-oblong, 3 mm. long, brown, lustrous, obso- 



letely 3-angled; stigmas 3. July-Aug. Dry alpine slopes; 



Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. distr.); rare. Kuriles, n. Korea, 



Siberia to Europe, and N. America. 



17. CAREX L. SuGE Zoku 



Perennials (rarely annuals or biennials), commonly with naked culms; leaves usually radical or subradical, narrow, elongate; 

 inflorescence often spicate; spikes, unisexual, androgynous (staminate above and pistillate below), or gynecandrous (pistillate 

 above and staminate below), the flowers without a perianth, each subtended by a scale; scales spirally imbricate; staminate 

 flowers of 2 or 3 stamens; pistillate flower of a single ovary enclosed in a perigynium; style 1, protruding from the beak of the 



perigynium, 2- or 3-fid; achene enclosed in a perigynium, lenticular or trigonous. Cosmopolitan, with about 2,000 species, 



especially abundant in temperate and cooler regions, and in mountains of the Tropics. 



