Cyperaceae 221 



1I7B. Plants relatively tall and stout, usually the lowest bract long-sheathing at base; pistillate spikes cylindric to 

 short-cylindric, rather loosely to densely flowered. 

 127A. Staminate scales acuminate to obtuse, sometimes gradually pointed. 

 128A. Leaves 0.5-3(-4) mm. wide, not coriaceous. 

 129A. Leaves glabrous. 



130A. Basal sheaths castaneous to brown perigynia; pilose. 

 13IA. Plants densely tufted. 



132A. Pistillate spikes oblong-cylindric, rather densely flowered, the scales brown. . . 94. C. stenostachys 

 132B. Pistillate spikes terete, rather loosely flowered, the scales pale. 



133A. Basal sheaths dark brown; perigynia broadly obovoid 95. C. polyschoena 



133B. Basal sheaths light brown; perigynia oblong-ovoid 96. C. clivorum 



131B. Plants with slender long-creeping rhizomes; basal sheaths brownish; pistillate spikes cylindric, 



rather loosely flowered 97. C. pisiformis 



130B. Basal sheaths pale, when castaneous the perigynia glabrous or pubescent. 

 134A. Leaves mostly flat, 1.5-4 mm. wide. 

 135A. Plants densely tufted. 



136A. Perigynia glabrous 98. C. tenuincrvis 



136B. Perigj'nia pubescent. 



137A. Perigynia rhomboid or ovoid-fusiform, about 3 mm. long, twice as long as the scales; 

 pistillate scales entire or mucronate at apex; staminate scales connate ventrally, in- 



fundibuliform 104. C. tristachya 



137B. Perigynia obovate-elliptic, 2 mm. long, nearly as long as the scales; pistillate scales short- 



awned; staminate scales not as above 99. C. tashiroana 



I35B. Plants with creeping rhizomes; perig^'nia usually glabrous 100. C. sachalinensis 



134B. Leaves often involute, less than 1 mm. wide; perigynia glabrous 101. C. jernaldiana 



129B. Leaves, sheaths, or bracts hairy. 



I38A. Blades and sheaths hairy; perigynia short-beaked, hairy 102. C. dtivaliana 



138B. Blades and sheaths glabrous; beak of perigynia nearly as long as the body, glabrous. 



103. C. mayebarana 

 128B. Leaves 3-10 mm. wide, rather thick and stiff. 



139A. Leaves smooth or nearly so; perigynia ovoid-trigonous or lenticular, thick, with strong elevated nerves. 



115. C. hachijoensis 

 139B. Leaves scabrous; perigynia oblong, obtusely 3-angled, thin, faintly nerved. 

 140A. Basal sheadis splitting into dark brown fibers. 



140AA. Perigynia pubescent, 3.5-4 mm. long; culms 30-50 cm. long 105. C. daisenensis 



140BB. Perigynia glabrous, 3-3.5 mm. long; culms less than 20 cm. long; leaves abruptly acute. 



110a. C. omurae 

 HOB. Basal sheaths entire or nearly so. 



141A. Basal sheaths purplish brown or reddish fuscous; perigynia oblong to obovate-oblong. 



106. C. dolichoitachya 



141B. Basal sheaths castaneous; perigynia obovoid 107. C. alroi'indis 



127B. Staminate scales emarginate and short-awned to abruptly pointed; perigynia spreading or ascending. 

 142A. Perigynia pubescent, with a short beak, toothed or nearly entire on the mouth. 

 143A. Scales light green. 



144A. Pistillate spikes fastigiate, solitary, simple; perigynia many-ribbed 108. C. istishimensis 



144B. Pistillate spikes not fastigiate, binate or ternary; perigynia faintly nerved 109. C. sociala 



143B. Scales dark brown, yellow-brown or dark reddish purple. 



145A. Perigynia hispidulous, with an erect beak 110. C. oshitnensis 



145B. Perigynia sparsely pubcrulent or nearly glabrous, often with a recurved beak 111. C. conica 



142B. Perigynia glabrous, often with a scabrous beak, somewhat rigidly 2-toothed at apex. 



146A. Leaves very stiff, many-veined on upper surface 112. C. morrowii 



146B. Leaves stiff to rather soft, strongly 2-ribbcd on upper surface 1 13. C. joliosissima 



114B. Perigynia rather large, 5-8 mm. long, usually long-beaked; appendage of achene bcaklike or annulate, rarely 

 nearly wanting. 

 147A. Achenes constricted, annulate at apex; pistillate scales mostly pale. 



148A. Leaves hairy 1 1 6. C. hticeps 



148B. Leaves glabrous 1 17. C. insaniae 



147B. Achenes not constricted, not annulate; pistillate scales reddish brown to yellowish brown. 



149A. Leaves stiff, 5-10 mm. wide; spikes 3-6, the lateral ones androgynous, short-cylindric, many-flowcrcd. 



118. C. boottiana 

 149B. Leaves rather flaccid, 2-3 mm. wide; spikes usually 2, the lateral one entirely pistillate, ovoid to globose, 



few-flowered 1 19. C. longerostrala 



1 13B. Achenes without any appendage. 



150A. Perigynia appressed-trigonous, usually thinly membranous; scales dark brown or yellowish brown. 



151A. Spikes nodding to pendulous; perigynia strongly lustrous, nearly glabrous; species of gravelly places, alpine. 



152A. Plant loosely tufted; leaves nearly flat, 2-3 mm. wide; spikes sparsely flowered, the pistillate long-peduncled, 



dark reddish brown, 2-3 cm. long, the terminal one staminate 78. C. stenantha 



152B. Plant densely tufted; leaves folded, scarcely flattened, 1-2.5 mm. wide; spikes densely flowered, the pistillate 

 oblong-clavate, 1-2 cm. long, dark brown, the terminal one gynecandrous or staminate. . . 76. C. siroiimensis 



