Cyperaceae 



231 



obtuse, ferrugineous, hyaline on the margins, with a green 

 midrib, mucronate; perigynia longer than the scales, oval- 

 elliptic, 3.5-4.5 mm. long, inflated, biconvex, grayish green 

 to grayish brown, densely papillose, abruptly very short- 

 beaked, entire at tip; stigmas 2. Wet places; Hokkaido, 



Honshu, Kyushu; quite common. Ryukyus, China, Korea, 



and s. Kuriles. 

 Var. levisaccus Ohwi. C. pruinosa var. levisacctts (Ohwi) 



Makino & Nemoto Hoshi-nashi-c6-so. Perigynia vivid 



green, smooth, not papillose. Rarely occurs with the t)'pical 



phase. 



50. Carex subcernua Ohwi. Tsukushi-naruko. 

 Culms 40-60 cm. long, tufted, acutely angled, scabrous above 

 on the angles; leaf-blades 3-4 mm. wide, firm, the basal 

 sheaths (at least the lower ones) bladeless, dark brown, more 

 or less fibrous; spikes 4 or 5, contiguous, the terminal 

 gynecandrous, about 3 cm. long, the lateral pistillate, with 

 few staminate flowers at the base, 2.5-4 cm. long, the lower 

 ones distant and peduncled, pendulous, the lower bracts 1 or 

 2, leaflike, elongate; pistillate scales oblong, ferrugineous, acute 

 or subacute, mucronate; perigynia slightly longer and broader 

 than the scales, 3-3.5 mm. long, brownish green, broadly 

 elliptic, densely papillose, prominently 4- or 5-nerved, com- 

 pressed-biconvex, abruptly very short-beaked, entire at the tip; 

 stigmas 2. May-June. Wet places; Kyushu; rare. 



51. Carex dimorpholepis Steud. C. cernua Boott, non 



J. F. Gmel.; C. rtibescens Boecklr. Aze-naruko. Plant 



densely tufted; culms 40-80 cm. long, acutely angled, scabrous 

 on the angles above; leaves with flat blades 4-10 mm. wide, 

 the basal sheaths bladeless, dark cinnamon-brown, slightiy to 

 scarcely splitting into fibers ventrally; spikes 4 to 6, approxi- 

 mate, pendulous, cylindric, 3-6 cm. long, peduncled, all or the 

 upper ones gynecandrous, the others pistillate, the lower 2 or 

 3 bracts leaflike, much longer than the culms; pistillate scales 

 narrowly obovate, with short ferrugineous striations, emargi- 

 nate, the midrib 3-nerved, prolonged into an erect awn; 

 perigynia longer than the scales, broadly ovate, 2.5-3 mm. 

 long, compressed, nerveless, densely papillose, brownish when 

 dry, abrupdy very short-beaked, with a ferrugineous entire tip; 



stigmas 2. May-June. Wet fields in lowlands; Honshu, 



Shikoku, Kyushu; common. Korea, China, Ryukyus, and 



Indochina. 



52. Carex phacota Spreng. C. gracilipes Miq., pro 

 parte; C. jaiirici Franch.; C. cincta Franch.; C. cincta var. 

 subphacota Kuekenth.; C. subphacota (Kuekenth.) Nakai; C. 



shichiseitensis Hayata Hime-g6-so, Ao-g6-so. Tufted 



plant; culms 20-60 cm. long, acutely angled, scabrous on the 

 angles; leaf-blades 2-6 mm. wide, cinereous to glaucous-green, 

 rather firm, the basal sheaths nearly bladeless, brown to yel- 

 lowish, sparingly fibrous; spikes 3 to 5, the terminal usually 

 staminate, the lateral pistillate, very often with a short 

 staminate portion at apex, cylindric, 2-6 cm. long, erect, 

 decHnate or sometimes pendulous, approximate to contiguous, 

 usually long-peduncled, the lower bracts leaf-like, much longer 

 than the culm; pistillate scales narrowly obovate, ferrugineous, 

 truncate to emarginate, 3-nerved, the green midrib prolonged 

 into a long slightly recur\'ed awn; perig^'nia nearly twice as 

 long as the body of the scales, elliptic, 2.5-3.5 mm. long, com- 

 pressed-biconvex, almost nerveless, densely papillose, cinereous- 

 green to cinnamon-colored, or becoming dark brown when 

 dried, abruptly beaked, very short-emarginate at the tip; 

 stigmas 2. May. Wet places in lowlands; Hokkaido, Hon- 



shu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. Korea, Ryukyus, For- 

 mosa, China, India, and Malaysia. 



53. Carex otaruensis Franch. C. cardioglochis L^v. & 

 Van't.; C. mitoensis Ohwi; C. prescottiana var. otaruensis 



(Franch.) Kuekenth. Otaru-suge, Hime-tekiri-suge, Mito- 



SUGE. Tufted plant; culms 30-60 cm. long, acutely angled, 

 scabrous above on the angles, firm; leaf-blades 3-5 mm. wide, 

 rather flat, the basal sheaths bladeless, brownish to reddish, 

 conspicuously fibrous-reticulate ventrally; spikes 4 or 5, ap- 

 proximate or slightly distant, the terminal staminate, elongate- 

 linear, 3-6 cm. long, the lateral pistillate, cylindric, 3-5 cm. 

 long, the lower ones nodding to pendulous on long peduncles, 

 the lower bracts leaf like; pistillate scales pale, often slightly 

 brownish, narrowly oblong, acute; perigynia slightly longer 

 than the scales, 2.5-3 mm. long, obovate, biconvex, nerveless, 

 vivid green, glabrous, rather abrupdy short-beaked with a 



hyaline emarginate tip; stigmas 2. ^May-June. Bordering 



streams and in mountain ravines; Hokkaido (sw. distr.), Hon- 

 shu, Shikoku, Kyushu; occasional. 



54. Carex aequialta Kuekenth. C. prescottiana var. 

 juscocinnamomea Kuekenth. Toda-suge, Awa-suge. Rhi- 

 zomes relatively thick; culms few, tufted, 30-60 cm. long, 

 acutely angled, nearly smooth; leaf-blades 3-5 mm. wide, 

 nearly smooth, glaucous beneath, the basal sheaths bladeless, 

 dark brown, fibrous; spikes 3 or 4, contiguous, erect, fastigiate, 

 the terminal staminate, linear, ferrugineous, usually shorter 

 than die succeeding ones, die lateral spikes pistillate, often 

 with a short staminate portion at the apex, cylindric, 3-5 cm. 

 long, the lowest one peduncled, the lowest bract leaflike, much 

 longer than the inflorescence; pistillate scales pale ferrugineous, 

 narrowly oblong, membranous, rounded or mucronate; peri- 

 gyna nearly as long as and much broader than the scales, 

 2.5-3 mm. long, much inflated, ovate-orbicular, brownish, 

 membranous, faintly nerved, abruptly very short-beaked, en- 

 tire at the tip; style flexuous, stigmas 2. Apr.-May. Wet 



river banks; Honshu (Kanto Distr. and Owari Prov.), Kyushu 

 (n. distr.); rare. China. 



55. Carex flabellata Lev. & Van't. C. prescottiana sensu 

 auct. Japon., non Boott; C. prescottiana var. flabellata (Lev. & 



Van't.) Ohwi Yama-tekiri-suge. Rhizomes tufted; 



culms 40-60 cm. long, slender, glabrous, acutely angled; leaf- 

 blades 4-8 mm. wide, cinereous-green, nearly smooth, the 

 basal sheaths bladeless, castaneous, fibrous; spikes 3 to 5, nod- 

 ding or somewhat pendulous, approximate, the terminal 

 staminate, linear, the lateral pistillate, cylindric, 2-5 cm. long, 

 the lower slightly nodding on ratlier long, nearly smooth 

 peduncles, the lowest bract leaflike; pistillate scales oblong, 

 truncate, pale or somewhat yellowish, the 3-nen'ed midrib 

 prolonged into a short awn; perigynia longer than the scales, 

 elliptic, 2.5-3 mm. long, somewhat turgid, biconvex, light 

 green or yellowish, few-nerved, abruptly very short-beaked, 



with an emarginate tip. May- June. Wet slopes; Yezo, 



Honshu; rather rare. 



56. Carex kiotensis Fr. & Sav. C. jusccscens Boecklr.; C. 

 jizogatal{ensis Lev. Sc Van't.; C. prescottiana var. kjotensis (Fr. 



& Sav.) Kuekenth. & var. jusccscens (Boecklr.) Kuekenth. 



Tekiri-suge. Closely resembles die preceding but die culms 

 scabrous on the angles, at least in the upper part, and the 

 leaves distincdy scabrous, the basal sheaths dark brown; spikes 

 5 to 7, 3-10 cm. long, on scabrous peduncles; pistillate scales 

 obovate, pale, truncate or rounded, the 3-nerved midrib end- 

 ing in a small mucro; perigynia nearly twice as long as the 



