234 



Cyperaceae 



brown, the yellowish midnerve excurrent into a short erect 

 awn; perigynia somewhat coriaceous, longer than the scales, 

 elliptic, 4-5 mm. long, turgid, planoconvex, strongly nerved, 

 stramineous to light cinnamon-brown, abruptly very short- 

 beaked, with a nearly entire dark colored tip; stigmas 3. 



June- July. Sandy places along seacoasts; Hokkaido, Honshu 



(Mutsu Prov.). Sakhalin, Kuriles, Ussuri, Kamchatka, and 



n. Korea. 



71. Carex fiavocuspis Fr. & Sav. C. gansuensisVianch.; 

 C. macrochaeta subsp. fiavocuspis (Fr. & Sav.) Kuekenth., 

 incl. var. denticulata Kuekenth. and var. platycarpa Kuekenth.; 



C. tolmiei var. denticulata (Kuekenth.) Ohwi. Miyama- 



KURo-suGE, Cha-iro-tanuki-ran. Rhizomes short-creeping; 

 culms few, 10-50 cm. long, rather stout, glabrous; leaf -blades 

 relatively stiff, glabrous, 3-5 mm. wide, the basal sheaths 

 partly dark brown, the lower ones short and nearly bladeless; 

 spikes 3-5, approximate, the terminal staminate, the others 

 pistillate, oblong to short-cylindric, 1.5-3 cm. long, the lower 

 ones peduncled, sometimes nodding, the lowest bract leaflike; 

 pistillate scales narrowly ovate, dark brown, awned or pointed; 

 perigynium 4-5 mm. long, compressed, elliptic, faindy nerved, 

 smooth, somewhat membranous, abrupdy very short-beaked, 

 the apex entire or minutely 2-toothed. July-Aug. Dry al- 

 pine slopes; Hokkaido, Honshu (n. and centr. distr.) ; rather 



abundant. Kuriles, Sakhalin, and Kamchatka (var. para- 



mushirensis Ohwi). 



72. Carex scita Maxim. Culms loosely tufted, 20-70 cm. 

 long; leaf-blades 3-5 mm. wide, the basal sheaths bladeless, 

 reddish purple, shghtly reticulate-fibrous; spikes 3-6, the ter- 

 minal staminate, linear-oblong, the lateral pistillate, short- 

 cylindric, 1-3 cm. long, peduncled, usually nodding or 

 pendulous, the lower bracts leaf like; pistillate scales broadly 

 lanceolate, dark purplish brown, awned; perigynia slightly 

 longer than the scales, about 4 mm. long, membranous, brown- 

 flecked, compressed-trigonous, several-nerved, setulose-scabrous 

 on the margins and nerves; achenes loosely inclosed; stigmas 

 3. Kuriles, Sakhalin, Kamchatka and the Okhotsk Sea re- 

 gion. A rather polymorphic species, with the following 

 variants in our area: 



Key to Varieties 



lA. Leaves smooth, not papillose beneath; pistillate scales nearly as 

 long as the perigynia, gradually narrowed toward the apex. 

 2A. Culms glabrous; plants of Honshu. 



3A. Perigynia transversely wrinkled in upper part. . . Var. scita 



3B. Perigynia not wrinkled Var. brevisquama 



2B. Culms scabrous; plants of Hokkaido. 



4A. Lower spikes distinctly peduncled Var riishirensis 



4B Spikes shot-peduncled or sessile Var. scabrinervia 



IB. Leaves papillose beneath; pistillate scales half as long as die 

 perigynia, abruptly contracted toward the apex. 



Var. parvisquama 



Var. scita. Miyama-ashiboso-suge. Perigynia oblong- 



lanceolate to oblong, the upper part transversely wrinkled, 

 the beak erect, somewhat immersed in the upper part of the 



perigynium. Alpine slopes; Honshu (s. part of centr. 



distr.) ; rather rare. 



Var. brevisquama (Koidz.) Ohwi. C. tenuiseta Franch.; 



C. tenuiseta var. brevisquama Koidz. Ashiboso-sdge, Shiro- 



UMA-SUGE. Pistillate scales narrower than in var. scita; peri- 

 gynia lanceolate, not wrinkled, the beak gradually narrowed. 



not immersed. July-Aug. Alpine slopes; Honshu (Japan 



Sea side of centr. and n. distr.). 



Var. riishirensis (Franch.) Kuekenth. C. ciliolata Franch.; 



C. riishirensis Franch. Rishiri-suge. Culms slender, 



slightly scabrous above; lower spikes distinctly peduncled; 

 perigynia oblong to ovate, not transversely wrinkled, abruptly 



short-beaked. June-Aug. Alpine regions; Hokkaido; rather 



common. Sakhalin, Kuriles, and Kamchatka. 



Var. scabrinervia (Franch.) Kuekenth. C. scabrinervia 

 Franch.; C. xanthoathera Franch.; C. urolepis Franch.; C. scita 

 sensu auct. Japon., pro parte Shikotan-suge. Plant some- 

 what stouter; spikes short-peduncled or sessile, the upper 1 or 

 2 staminate; perigynia elliptic to broadly so, strongly com- 

 pressed. ^Rocks near seashore; Hokkaido (Rebun Isl. and 



Nemuro) . Sakhalin and Kuriles. 



Var. parvisquama T. Koyama. Daisen-ashiboso-suge. 

 Leaf-blades somewhat stiff, densely papillose and whitish be- 

 neath, long-acuminate; spikes approximate to contiguous; 

 pistillate scales half as long as the elliptic perigynia. Hon- 

 shu (Mount Daisen in Hoki Prov.). 



73. Carex meyeriana Kunth. C. funicularis Franch.; 



C. crassinei'via Franch. NtrMA-KOROBo-suGE, Shirakawa- 



suge. Plant very densely tufted; culms 30-50 cm. long, firm, 

 slender, scabrous; leaf-blades 1-1.5 mm. wide, firm, glaucous- 

 green, conduplicate, the basal sheaths rigid, bladeless, chestnut- 

 brown, lustrous, fibrous-reticulate; spikes 2 or 3, on die apical 

 part of the culm, the terminal staminate, linear, 2-3 cm. long, 

 the others pistillate, nearly globose, approximate, 5-10 mm. 

 long, sessile, the bracts usually scalehke, short, not sheathing; 

 pistillate scales ovate-oblong, dark purplish brown, obtuse; 

 perigynia slightly broader than the scales, ellipsoidal, 3-3.5 

 mm. long, compressed-trigonous, cinereous-glaucous, densely 

 papillose, several-nerved, abrupdy short-beaked, the apex dark 



brown; stigmas 3, relatively thick. ^May-July. Wet boggy 



places and high moors; Honshu (n. and centr. distr.), Kyushu. 

 Korea and e. Siberia. 



74. Carex buxbaumii Wahlenb. C. polygama Schk., 



non J. F. Gmel.; C. tarumensis Franch. Tarumai-suge. 



Rhizomes long-creeping; culms few, 30-40 cm. long, acutely 

 angled, scabrous above; leaf-blades grayish green, glaucescent, 

 2-3 mm. wide, the basal sheaths bladeless, reddish purple, 

 fibrous; spikes 3 or 4, nearly approximate, the terminal 

 gynecandrous or staminate or with a few pistillate flowers in 

 the middle, the others pistillate, sessile, erect, oblong or short- 

 cylindric, 1-2.5 cm. long, densely many-flowered, the bracts 

 short; pistillate scales narrowly ovate-lanceolate, dark brown- 

 ish purple, abruptly short-awned; perigynia longer than and 

 slighdy broader than the scales, elliptic, 3 mm. long, glaucous- 

 green, densely and minutely papillose, somewhat compressed, 

 several-nerved, abruptly very short-beaked, shallowly 2-toothed 



at apex; stigmas 3, rather thick. June-July. Boggy places; 



Hokkaido; rare. s. Kuriles, Europe, N. America, and Aus- 



traha. 



75. Carex pyrenaica Wahlenb. Kin-suge, Sei-taka-kin- 

 suGE. Rhizomes short; culms densely tufted, 10-40 cm. 

 long, obtusely angled, glabrous; leaf -blades 1-1.5 mm. wide, 

 glabrous, rather thick; spikes solitary, terminal, androgynous, 

 broadly lanceolate at anthesis, oblong when mature, 1-2 cm. 

 long, densely rather many-flowered; pistillate scales narrowly 

 ovate, deciduous, dark brown, obtuse; perigynia longer than 

 the scales, 4-5.5 mm. long including the rather prominent 



