236 



Cyperaceae 



elliptic, ferrugineous to castaneous, rounded-truncate and 

 mucronate; perigynia 4-6 mm. long, fusiform, nearly nerve- 

 less, pubescent, the beak very short with a 2-toothed apex; 



stigmas 3. Common in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, 



Shikoku, Kyushu. Forma dueensis (Meinsh.) T. Koyama. 



C. dueensis Meinsh.; C. blepharicarpa var. dueensis (Meinsh.) 



Akiyama Takane-shojo-suge. A rather dwarf alpine 



phase, with short-creeping, sparsely branching rhizomes form- 

 ing a loose tuft. Sakhalin, s. Kuriles, Korea (Utsuryoto 



Isl.). 

 Var. stenocarpa Ohwi. C. hirtijructus Kuekenth.; C. 



blepharicarpa var. hirtijructus (Kuekenth.) Ohwi Nagami- 



SHOjo-suGE, Tsukuba-suge. Slender plant; perigynia long 



and narrow, long-beaked. Usually in shallow soil over 



rocks; occurs within the area of the typical phase, especially 

 common in the southern part. 



82. Carex reinii Fr. & Sav. C. nambuensis Franch.; C. 



ogawae Akiyama Ko-kan-suge, Nambu-suge. Tufted and 



rhizomatous; culms 30-60 cm. long, glabrous; leaves fascicled, 

 the blades 3-5 mm. wide, flat, deep green, stiff, coriaceous, 

 lustrous above, the margins prominentiy antrorsely scabrous 

 on the upper half and retrorsely so on the lower half, the 

 basal sheaths brown, dark brown fibrous; inflorescence much 

 interrupted; spikes 4-10, on simple or forked peduncles, soli- 

 tary or ternate at each node, often all androgynous, 1.5-3 cm. 

 long, the pistillate slightly shorter than the staminate, few- 

 flowered, the bracts short-bladed, long-sheathing at base; pistil- 

 late scales ovate, dark brown, obtuse; perigynia 5-6 mm. long, 

 twice as long as the scale, obliquely spreading, obovate-fusi- 

 form, plano-convex, many-nerved, sparsely hairy, gradually 

 narrowed at both ends, with a short, recurved 2-toothed beak; 



stigmas 3. Apr.-May. Woods in hills and low mountains; 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. 



83. Carex formosensis Lev. & Van't. C. ligata var. 

 formosensis (Lev. & Van't.) Kuekenth.; C. formosensis var. 



kabashimensis Ohwi; C. shimotsu\ensis Honda Taiwan- 



SUGE, O-miyama-kan-suge. Rhizomes tufted; culms 30-50 

 cm. long, obtusely triquetrous, nearly glabrous; leaf -blades 

 rather stiff, 2-6 mm. wide, the basal sheaths dark to pale 

 brown, sparsely fibrous; spikes 3-7, erect, the terminal stami- 

 nate, linear, 1-2 cm. long, the lateral pistillate, short-cylindric, 

 1-4 cm. long, loosely flowered, approximate to somewhat con- 

 tiguous, the peduncles inclosed in the leaf-sheath and not 

 exserted; staminate scales tubular-infundibuliform with the 

 margins connate at base; pistillate scales oblong, pale green, 

 obtuse and mucronate; perigynia 3-3.5 mm. long, exserted, 

 erect, ovoid-fusiform, many-nerved, sparsely pubescent, obtuse 

 on the angles, with a shallow constriction above the middle, 



the beak short with an emarginate tip. Apr.-May. Woods; 



Honshu (Mount Takadate in Shimotsuke Prov.), Kyushu. 

 s. Korea, Ryukyus, and Formosa. 



84. Carex genkaiensis Ohwi. C. formosensis var. vigens 



(Kuekenth.) Ohwi; C. mitrata var. vigens Kuekenth. 



Genkai-moegi-suge. Resembles the preceding, the pistillate 

 scales not mucronate; perigynia more plump, scarcely con- 

 stricted above the middle, with a shorter beak; achenes very 



faintly constricted. Apr.-May. Kyushu (Hizen and Chi- 



kuzen Prov. and Tsushima). s. Korea. 



85. Carex pudica Honda. C. iseana Akiyama Mame- 



suGE. Culms tufted, hidden among the leaves, short, to 

 about 15 cm. long; leaf-blades rather short, flat, much longer 

 than the culms, 2-3 mm. wide, deep green, somewhat soft. 



nearly glabrous, the basal sheaths stramineous; spikes 2-5, the 

 terminal staminate, lanceolate, about 5 mm. long, few- 

 flowered, long-peduncled, the lateral pistillate, all radical ex- 

 cept sometimes the uppermost one which is often approximate 

 to the terminal staminate spikelet, erect, usually oblong, 5-10 

 mm. long, peduncled, loosely few-flowered, the bracts leaflike, 

 short-sheathing at base; pistillate scales partly reddish tawny, 

 obovate, obtuse to nearly rounded and mucronate; perigynia 

 longer than the scales, about 3 mm. long, nearly erect, ovoid- 

 fusiform, obtusely 3-angled, sparsely puberulent, many-nerved, 



extremely short-beaked, with an entire tip. Apr.-May. 



Wet open woods on hillsides; Honshu (Kinki Distr. eastw. to 

 Kanto Distr.) ; uncommon. 



86. Carex mitrata Franch. var. mitrata. C. kingiana 



Lev. & Van't. Nuka-suge. Rhizomes densely tufted, 



forming a large clump; culms 10 to 30 cm. long, slender, 

 glabrous; leaf-blades 1.5-2 mm. wide, yellow-green, some- 

 what lustrous, overtopping the culms, the basal sheaths yellow- 

 ish brown, lustrous; spikes 3 or 4, erect, approximate to con- 

 tiguous, the terminal staminate, filiform, 5-10 mm. long, 

 inconspicuous, the others pistillate, 5-12 mm. long, narrowly 

 oblong to short-cylindric, the lowest one conspicuously 

 peduncled, the bracts bladeless, rather long-sheathing; pistil- 

 late scales obovate, usually rounded-truncate at the apex, pale 

 or pale brown with pale margins, the midrib usually not 

 reaching the apex; perigynia slightly exserted, 2.3 mm. long, 

 obovate, faintly nerved, sparsely puberulent to nearly glabrous, 



abruptly short-beaked, entire at apex; stigmas 3. Apr.-May. 



Woods in low mountains; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather 

 common. s. Korea. 



Var. aristata Ohwi. Noge-nuka-suge. Lowest bract 



foliaceous; pistillate scales ending in a mucro or short awn. 

 With the typical phase. Formosa. 



87. Carex subumbellata Meinsh. var. subumbellata. 



C. depressa var. subumbellata (Meinsh.) Kuekenth. ^Mi- 



YAKE-suGE. Plant tufted, with short ascending extravaginal 

 innovations; culms 20-30 cm. long, glabrous; leaf-blades 2-3 

 mm. wide, the basal sheadis brownish, nearly entire; spikes 

 3-5, approximate, the terminal staminate, 10 mm. long, the 

 others pistillate, oblong-cylindric, 1-2.5 cm. long, the lowest 

 one distinctly peduncled and remote from the others, some- 

 times radical, the lower 1 or 2 bracts nearly leaflike and rather 

 short-sheathing; pistillate scales obovate, castaneous, with a 

 green midrib usually prolonged as a short mucro; perigynia 

 nearly erect, 3 mm. long, obovate-oblong, sparsely puberulent 

 or almost glabrous, with a 2-nerved midrib and a thickened, 

 white, prominent stipe when mature, abruptly very short- 

 beaked, with an emarginate tip; stigmas 3, short. June- 



Aug. Alpine slopes; Hokkaido (Mount Yubaridake). 



Sakhalin. 



Var. verecunda Ohwi. C. heribaudiana Lev. & Van't., pro 



parte; C. artinux C. B. Clarke, pro parte. Kumoma-shiba- 



SUGE. Rhizomes very abbreviated; spikes all contiguous on 

 the apical part of the culm, the lowest bract longer than the 



spike. Alpine slopes; Honshu (centr. distr., including 



Iwashiro, Kozuke, and Shimotsuke Prov.) ; rather rare. 



88. Carex nervata Fr. & Sav. C. praecox sensu auct. Ja- 

 pon., non Jacq.; C. praecox var. vidalii Fr. & Sav.; C. ho- 

 moiolepis Fr. & Sav.; C. vidalii Fr. & Sav. ex Franch.; C. 



caryophyllea subsp. nervata (Fr. & Sav.) Kuekenth. Shiba- 



suGE. Rhizomes very loosely tufted, long-creeping; culms 

 few, 10-30 cm. long, glabrous; leaf-blades flat, 2-3 mm. wide. 



