240 



Cyperaceae 



wholly green, with thinner, softer, broader leaves, stolonifer- 



ous. Kyushu. Forma pallidisquama (Ohwi) Ohwi. 



C. multiflora var. pallidisquama Ohwi. Pistillate scales pale. 



Forma glaberrima (Ohwi) Ohwi. C. multiflora var. 



glaberrima Ohwi. Perigynia glabrous. 



107. Carex atroviridis Ohwi. C. ya\ushimensis Masam. 

 Yakushima-suge. Culms to 25 cm. long, tufted, gla- 

 brous; leaf-blades 5-6 mm. wide, rather thick, flat, deep green, 

 the basal sheaths castaneous, scarcely fibrous; spikes 3-5, the 

 terminal staminate, broad-linear, 2-3 cm. long, the others 

 pistillate, distant, 1-2 cm. long, on a slighriy exserted peduncle, 

 the bracts bladeless or with a setaceous blade, long-sheathing; 

 pistillate scales obovate, brown, acute; perigynia slightly longer 

 than the scales, obovoid, many-nerved, glabrous or sparsely 

 short-pubescent, abruptly beaked, the apex 2-toothed; stigmas 

 3. Kyushu (Yakushima). 



108. Carex tsushimensis (Ohwi) Ohwi. C. chinensis 



var. tsushimensis Ohwi Tsushima-suge. Culms tufted, 



30-40 cm. long; leaf-blades stiff, flat, 2-4 mm. wide, the basal 

 sheaths sparingly fibrous; spikes 3 or 4, loosely arranged, the 

 terminal staminate, lanceolate, 1.5 cm. long, the others pistil- 

 late, erect, with a few staminate flowers at the base, oblong- 

 cylindric, 15-25 mm. long, densely many-flowered, on a long- 

 exserted peduncle, the bracts short-bladed or setaceous, with a 

 long sheath at base; pistillate scales obovate, pale green, trun- 

 cate or emarginate, with a scaberulous apical awn, giving a 

 comose aspect to the spikes; perigynia longer than the scales, 

 2.5 mm. long, obliquely spreading to divergent, broadly rhom- 

 boid, 3-angled, many-ribbed, loosely hispidulous, cuneately 

 narrowed at both ends, the beak short, erect, emarginate; 

 stigmas 3, short. Kyushu (Tsushima) ; rare. 



109. Carex sociata Boott. C. chinensis sensu auct. 

 Japon., non Retz.; C. legendrei Lev. & Van't.; C. nexa var. 

 strictior Kuekenth.; C. ligata var. strictior Kuekenth.; C. atro- 



nucula Hayata; C uraiensis Hayata Tashiro-suge, KtrMiAi- 



SUGE. Rhizomes densely tufted; culms many, 20-50 cm. 



long, obtusely angled; leaf-blades stiff, flat or nearly so, 3-6 

 mm. wide, the sheaths pale, often with brown nerves, fibrous 

 when withered and old; spikes 4-8, the terminal staminate, 

 1.5-3 cm. long, lanceolate, the others pistillate, often with a 

 few staminate flowers at base, short-cylindric, densely many- 

 flowered, 1.5-3 cm. long, long-peduncled, the lower ones usu- 

 ally binate to ternate at each node, the lower bracts leaflike, 

 loosely long-sheathing; pistillate scales pale, oblong, short- 

 awned; perigynia longer than the scales, 2.5 mm. long, ob- 

 liquely spreading, rhomboid, obtusely 3-angled, faintly nerved, 

 puberulent, rather abruptly short-beaked, with a minutely 2- 



toothed hyaline apex; stigmas 3, very slender. Mar.-May. 



Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus and Formosa. 



Var. uber (Ohwi) Ohwi. C. uber Ohwi Tsukushi- 



SUGE. Leaves thin and soft. Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryu- 

 kyus and Formosa. 



110. Carex oshimensis Nakai. Oshima-kan-suge. Rhi- 

 zomes densely tufted; culms 20-50 cm. long, obtusely 3-angled, 

 glabrous; leaves fascicled, the blades 3-6 mm. wide, flat, stiff, 

 deep green, the basal sheaths splitting into fibers, these thinly 

 covering the neck of the rhizome; spikes 3-5, erect, the termi- 

 nal (rarely the upper 2 or 3) staminate, pale to dark brown, 

 clavate, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, the others pistillate (sometimes the 

 upper ones androgynous), distant, short-cylindric, on long, 

 exserted peduncles, 1.5-5 cm. long, densely many-flowered, 

 the bracts short-bladed with inflated sheaths green throughout 



or dark brown at the base; pistillate scales oblong, abrupdy 

 awned; perigynia slightly longer than the scales, 3 mm. long, 

 obliquely spreading, obovoid, hispidulous, nerved, abruptly 



short-beaked, entire at tip. Apr.-May. Dry woods and 



rocky slopes; Honshu (Izu Isls.); common. 



110a. Carex omurae T. Koyama. Suruga-suge. Rhi- 

 zomes decumbent to ascending, rather loosely tufted, covered 

 with brown fibers; leaves spreading, very hard, linear-ensi- 

 form, to 16 cm. long, 2.5-4 mm. wide, abruptly short-pointed, 

 prominently scabrous on both margins; culms slender, 1-3 to 

 a clump, 15-20 cm. long, smooth; spikelets 3-4, the upper 2 

 usually close, upright; terminal spikelet staminate, linear, 

 1-1.5 cm. long, brown to red-brown; lateral spikelets pistillate, 

 cylindrical, 1.5-2 cm. long, loosely several-flowered, with an 

 exserted peduncle; bracts sheathlike, almost bladeless, light 

 red-brown; pistillate scales lanceolate-deltoid, acute, half as 

 long as the perigynium, pale; perigynia patent, ellipsoidal, 

 3-3.5 mm. long, obscurely 3-angled, membranous, greenish 

 tawny, faintly many-nerved; beak relatively long, somewhat 

 curved when mature, the mouth minutely bidentate; achene 

 tightly enclosed, elliptical, crowned by a depressed indistinct 



disc at apex; stigmas 3. Coniferous forest. Honshu (T6- 



kaido Distr.) . 



111. Carex conica Boott. C. excisa Boott; C. digama 

 Nakai; C. doiana Akiyama; C. yoshinoi Ohwi; C. okushirensis 



Akiyama Hime-kan-suge. Rhizomes tufted, sometimes 



with elongate ascending innovations, the neck thinly covered 

 with brown fibers; culms 20-50 cm. long, obtusely angled, 

 smooth; leaf -blades 2-A mm. wide, flat, stiff, dark green, 

 scabrous; spikes 3-5, erect, the terminal staminate, clavate, 

 dark brown, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, the others pistillate (or very 

 rarely the upper ones androgynous), distant, short-cylindric, 

 1-2.5 cm. long, rather densely flowered, the bracts short, with 

 a long inflated sheath, green throughout or purplish brown at 

 the base; pistillate scales obovate, dark purplish brown, some- 

 times pale green, abruptly mucronate; perigynia slightly longer 

 than the scales, ellipsoidal, 2.5-3 mm. long, usually light green, 

 sparsely puberulent or almost glabrous, abrupdy recurved- 

 beaked, entire at the tip; stigmas 3. — Apr .-June. Open woods 

 on hillsides and in low mountains; Hokkaido (sw. distr.), 

 Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; very common. s. Korea. 



112. Carex morrowii Boott. var. morrowii. Kan-suge, 

 IZD-KAN-suGE. Rhizomes short, tufted and forming a large 

 clump; culms many, 20-40 cm. long, obtusely 3-angled, 

 smooth; leaves fascicled, the blades 5-10 mm. wide, flat, thick 

 and very stiff, deep green (white-striped in a widely grown 

 garden cultivar), lustrous, scabrous on margin, many veined 

 on upper side, the basal sheaths dark castaneous, dull, sparsely 

 fibrous when withered or old; spikes 4-6, distant, the terminal 

 staminate, linear to narrowly clavate, 2-4 cm. long, the others 

 pistillate, short-cylindric, on long exserted erect peduncles, the 

 lower bracts short-bladed, inflated and long-sheathing; pistil- 

 late scales ovate, brownish, sometimes pale, abruptly cuspidate; 

 perigynia broadly ovoid, 3-3.5 mm. long, obliquely spreading 

 to somewhat divergent, stramineous or yellowish green, gla- 

 brous, nerved, turgid, abruptly tapering into a moderately long, 

 recurved beak with a firm sharply 2-toothed tip; stigmas 3. 



Apr.-May. Woods in low mountains; Honshu (Iwaki 



Prov. and westw., chiefly on the Pacific side), Shikoku, Kyu- 

 shu. 



Var. laxa Ohwi. Yakushima-kan-suge. Leaves 3-5 mm. 

 wide; pistillate scales rather loosely flowered; perigynia nar- 



