246 



Cyperaceae 



the beak extremely short, with an entire tip; stigmas 3, slender, 



elongate. Apr .-May. Woods in mountains; Hokkaido, 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather common. Korea, Ussuri, 



Manchuria, and China. 



145. Carex ciliatomarginata Nakai. C. siderosticta var. 

 pilosa Lev. Ke-tagane-s6. Much-resembling the preced- 

 ing, the leaf-blades slightiy smaller and prominendy long- 

 ciliate at least on the lower margins; terminal spike usually 



staminate only, ovate-oblong; perigynia pilose. Apr.-May. 



Dry shaded grassy places in mountains; Honshu (centr. distr. 

 and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu; rather rare. ^Korea. 



146. Carex pachygyna Fr. & Sav. Sasa-no-ha-suge. 

 Rhizomes creeping, elongate, thickened at the nodes, some- 

 what ligneous; culms soft, 15-30 cm. long; leaf-blades lanceo- 

 late to broadly so, 1-2 cm. wide, flat, soft, glabrous or 

 sparsely pilose, the basal sheaths pale cinnamon, the lower 

 ones bladeless; spikes rather many, globose-ovoid, androgynous, 

 binate to ternate at the nodes, on unequal erect peduncles, 

 densely few-flowered, 4-6 mm. long and as wide, the staminate 

 part very short and inconspicuous, the bracts bladeless, 

 spathaceous, the sheaths pale or yellowish green, ampliate 

 above; pistillate scales ovate-orbicular, rounded at the apex, 

 pale; perigynia longer than the scales, 2-2.5 mm. long, ascend- 

 ing, ellipsoidal, 3-angled, many-nerved, pale green, glabrous, 

 rounded at the apex and nearly beakless; stigmas 3, thick, 



short. Apr.-May. Woods in low mountains; Honshu 



(Kinki Distr. and westw.), Shikoku. 



147. Carex ischnostachya Steud. C. ringgoldiana Boott 



Juzu-suGE. Rhizomes densely tufted; culms erect, 30-60 



cm. long, rather firm; leaf-blades flat, deep green, 5-10 mm. 

 wide, the basal sheaths bladeless, dark reddish; spikes 3-6, 

 contiguous except the lower ones, the terminal one staminate, 

 pale, filiform, 2-3 cm. long, shorter than the pistillate, the 

 pistillate cylindric, rather loosely to rather densely many- 

 flowered, erect, 2-5 cm. long, the bracts leaflike, longer than 

 the culm, long-sheathing; pistillate scales small, broadly ovate, 

 obtuse, entire, pale; perigynia 3-4 times longer than the scales, 

 narrowly ovoid, 3.5-5 mm. long, inflated, erect-patent, obso- 

 letely 3-angled, glabrous, olive-colored, prominently nerved, 

 gradually rather long-beaked, obliquely truncate and hyaline 



at tip; stigmas 3, slender, short. Apr.-June. Wet places in 



lowlands and hills, especially along streams; Hokkaido, Hon- 

 shu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. Ryukyus, Korea, and 



China. 



148. Carex maculata Boott. C. micans Boott; C. macu- 



lata forma viridans Kuekenth. Tachi-suge. Rhizomes 



tufted; culms slender, erect, 20-60 cm. long, glabrous; leaf- 

 blades glaucous, somewhat soft, nearly glabrous, 3-5 mm. 

 wide, densely puncticulate, the sheaths light ferrugineous, 

 thinly membranous, the ligule light ferrugineous and very 

 thin; spikes 3 or 4, erect, the terminal staminate, linear, sessile, 

 1-3 cm. long, light ferrugineous, the lateral pistillate, cylindric, 

 densely many-flowered, erect, 1-4 cm. long, the upper ones 

 nearly sessile, the lower long-peduncled, the lower bracts leaf- 

 like, longer than the culm, long-sheathing; pistillate scales nar- 

 rowly ovate, obtuse, pale ferrugineous; perigynia much longer 

 than the scales, 2.5 mm. long, broadly ellipsoidal, ascending, 

 compressed-trigonous, grayish green, frequendy brownish 

 when dried, densely papillose, with several raised nerves, 

 rounded and abruptly short-beaked, the mouth ferrugineous, 



hyaline, entire; stigmas 3, short. ^May-June. Wet places in 



lowlands; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. s. Korea, Ryukyus, 



Formosa, China, and India. 



149. Carex hakonensis Fr. & Sav. C. \ramen Fr. & 



Sav.; C. onoei var. fyameri (Fr. & Sav.) Kuekenth. ^Ko- 



HARi-suGE, KoKE-suGE. Rhizomes extremely short, densely 

 tufted; culms very slender, obmsely angled, nearly glabrous, 10- 

 20 cm. long; leaf-blades capillary, involute, to 1 mm. wide; spike 

 solitary, terminal, androgynous, ovoid, 3-5 mm. long, the stam- 

 inate few-flowered, short, inconspicuous, the bracts wanting; 

 pistillate scales broadly ovate, reddish or dark brown; perigynia 

 slightly longer than die scales, about 2 mm. long, ascending, 

 elliptic-ovoid, compressed-trigonous, not turgid, with 2 costal 

 nerves, abruptly short-beaked, emarginate at apex; stigmas 3. 



May-Aug. Wet places in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, 



Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea. 



150. Carex onoei Fr. & Sav. C. capitulijormis Meinsh.; 



C. hakfinensis var. onoei (Fr. & Sav.) Ohwi Hikage-hari- 



suGE. Somewhat resembling the preceding; culms 15-30 

 cm. long, soft, acutely angled, scabrous on the angles; leaves 

 flat, soft, 1.5-3 mm. wide; perigynia 2.5-3 mm. long, ovate, 

 compressed-triangular, faintly nerved, abruptly very short- 

 beaked, 2-toothed at tip. June-July. Wet shaded places; 



Hokkaido (Hakodate), Honshu (Nikko, Mount Kirigamine 

 in Shinano and elsewhere) Korea and Ussuri. 



151. Carex fulta Franch. Nikko-hari-suge, Hime-tama- 

 suGE. Rhizomes short, tufted; culms 20-40 cm. long, soft, 

 acutely angled, 0.6-1 mm. thick, prominently scabrous on the 

 angles; leaf-blades 2-3 mm. wide, flat, soft, thin; spike solitary, 

 terminal, androgynous, ovoid-globose, 5-7 mm. long, 4-5 mm. 

 in diameter, the staminate inconspicuous, the pistillate with 

 rather many flowers; pistillate scales ovate-elliptic, pale, some- 

 times the lower 1 or 2 ending in a short awn; perigynia 

 longer than the scales, 2-2.5 mm. long, spreading, broadly 

 ovoid, slightly compressed, 3-angled, few-nerved on each side, 

 abruptly short-beaked, with a membranous entire tip; stigmas 



3, short. June-July. Wet places in mountains; Honshu 



(n. and centr. distr. and Bitchu Prov.) ; rather rare. 



152. Carex uda Maxim. Ezo-hari-suge, O-hari-suge. 

 Culms 15-50 cm. long, soft, about 1 mm. thick, in dense tufts, 

 acutely angled, glabrous; leaf-blades 2-3 mm. wide, flat, soft, 

 thin; spike solitary, terminal, 7-10 mm. long, androgynous, 

 ovate to oblong, the staminate 2-3 mm. long, shorter than the 

 pistillate; pistillate scales oblong-lanceolate, acute, pale fer- 

 rugineous; perigynia longer than the scales, somewhat re- 

 flexed, ovate-lanceolate, inflated, 3-angled, membranous, pale 

 green, faindy nerved, gradually long-beaked, emarginate; 



stigmas 3. Wet places in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu 



(Mount Kirigamine in Shinano Prov.); rare. Sakhalin, 



Korea, Amur, and Ussuri. 



153. Carex biwensis Franch. C. capillacea sensu auct. 

 Japon., non Boott; C. rara subsp. capillacea Kuekenth., pro 



parte; C. rara var. biwensis (Franch.) Kuekenth. Matsuba- 



suge. Plant tufted; culms 10^0 cm. long, obtusely angled, 

 glabrous; leaf -blades 1.5 mm. wide; spike solitary, terminal, 

 1-2 cm. long, the staminate linear, longer or shorter than the 

 pistillate, about 1 mm. across, the pistillate oblong, about 3 

 mm. across, densely many-flowered; pistillate scales elliptic, 

 very obtuse, rusty-brown; perigynia about as long as the scales, 

 1.5-2 mm. long, spreading, broadly ovoid, inflated, trigonous, 



nerved, abruptly very short-beaked with an entire tip. 



Apr.-June. Wet places; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather 

 common. Korea, Manchuria, and Ussuri. 



154. Carex capillacea Boott var. capillacea. C. on- 

 ta\ensis Franch.; C. rara subsp. capillacea (Boott) Kuekenth. 

 Harigane-suge. Culms tufted, slender, sulcate, glabrous. 



