Cyperaceae 



247 



10-30 cm. long; leaf-blades filiform, about 1 mm. wide, gla- 

 brous, flat or slightly involute, erect; spike solitary, androgy- 

 nous, 5-10 mm. long, the staminate lanceolate, 3- to 5-flo\v- 

 ered, 3-5 mm. long, the pistillate densely flowered, 5 mm. 

 across, longer or shorter than the staminate part; pistillate 

 scales ovate, very obtuse, ferrugineous; perigynia slightly 

 longer than the scales, 2.5-3 mm. long, spreading, broadly 

 ovoid, inflated, trigonous, faintly nerved, abruptly short- 

 beaked, subemarginate; stigmas 3, short. Apr.-May. Wet 



places; Hokkaido (rare), Honshu, Kyushu; rather common. 



Korea, China, India, Malaysia, and Australia. 



Var. sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Ohwi. C. aomorensis 

 Franch.; C. uda var. sachalinensis F. Schmidt; C. capillacea 

 var. aomorensis (Franch.) Ohwi; C. nana Boott, non Cham.; 



C. rara subsp. capillacea var. nana (Boott) Kuekenth. 



MicHi-NO-KU-HARi-suGE, AoMORi-HARi-suGE. Perigynia 3-4 

 mm. long, slightly larger than in the typical phase. June- 

 July. Hokkaido, Honshu (n. and centr. distr.). Kuriles, 



Sakhalin, Korea, and Ussuri. 



155. Carex rhizopoda Maxim. C. \rehsiana Boecklr. 



Shirako-suge. Culms 20-50 cm. long, tufted, acutely 



angled, scabrous; leaf-blades 2-3(-5) mm. wide, soft, flat, 

 bright green, scabrous; spike solitary, androgynous, narrowly 

 oblong, 1.5-4 cm. long, the pistillate many-flowered, longer 

 than to nearly as long as the staminate; pistillate scales ovate, 

 acute, pale, the midrib green; perigynia nearly twice as long 

 as the scales, 5-6 mm. long, suberect, ovate, 3-angled, light 

 green, weakly many-nerved, thinly membranous, gradually 

 long-beaked, obliquely truncate and hyaline at tip; stigmas 3. 



Apr .-June. Wet places along streams in low mountains; 



Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. s. Kuriles 



(?) 



156. Carex bostrychostigma Maxim. C. explens Kue- 

 kenth. Yaxmji-suge. Rhizomes short-creeping, loosely 



tufted, dark brown fibrous; culms 10-30 cm. long, glabrous, 

 often nodding; leaf-blades flat, soft, nearly glabrous, 3-4 mm. 

 wide, the sheath often yellow-tawny; spikes 5-10, the terminal 

 staminate, broadly linear, loosely rather many-flowered, 1-2.5 

 cm. long, ferrugineous-tawny, the lateral pistillate, broadly 

 linear, loosely rather many-flowered, 2-4 cm. long, peduncled, 

 the upper approximate, the lower 2 or 3 distant, the lower 

 bracts leaflike, sheathing; pistillate scales lanceolate-ovate, 

 acute, fulvous, with a green 3-nerved midrib; perigynia longer 

 than the scales, 7-8 mm. long, appressed, linear-lanceolate, 

 3-angled, thinly membranous, pale green, nerveless, glabrous, 

 slightly lustrous, gradually long-beaked, with an obliquely 

 truncate hyaline mouth; stigmas 3, persistent, elongate, slen- 

 der, brownish. Apr.-June. Honshu (Kinki and Chiigoku 



Distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu; rather rare. Korea, Manchuria, 



and Ussuri. 



157. Carex dissitiflora Franch. C. subdissitiflora Kue- 

 kenth. ex Matsum. nom. nud. Miyam.vjuzu-suge. Rhi- 

 zomes short, tufted; culms 40-80 cm. long, soft, glabrous, few- 

 leaved; leaf-blades flat, soft, bright green, 3-7 mm. wide, the 

 basal sheaths pale, ultimately dark brown fibrous; spikes 4-6, 

 very loosely arranged, 2-4 cm. long, solitary or binate at each 

 node, androgynous, the upper lateral ones on a peduncle aris- 

 ing from a fertile perigynium, the lower ones on long some- 

 times sparingly branched peduncles, the lower bracts leaflike, 

 sheathing; pistillate scales pale green to light yellowish brown; 

 perigynia twice as long as the scales or longer, 9-11 mm. long, 

 appressed, ovoid-fusiform, light green, faintly nerved, thinly 

 membranous, 3-angled, long-beaked, obliquely truncate at the 



hyaUne dp; stigmas 3. May-July. Damp woods and wet 



grassy places along streams in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, 



Shikoku, Kyushu; rather rare. s. Kuriles and Formosa 



(var.). 



158. Carex capillaris L. Takane-shiba-suge. Rhi- 

 zomes short; culms 10-20 cm. long, slender, glabrous, nodding 

 at tip; leaf-blades short, flat, 1-1.5 mm. wide, the sheaths 

 partially dark red; spikes 3 or 4, peduncled, nodding, small, 

 the terminal staminate, linear-lanceolate, 5-10 mm. long, the 

 lateral pistillate, narrowly oblong, 8-15 mm. long, loosely few- 

 flowered, the upper 1 or 2 longer than the staminate; pistillate 

 scales obovate, obtuse to acute, light castaneous; perigynia 

 longer than the scales, 3-3.5 mm. long, suberect, ovoid, 

 brownish green, membranous, glabrous, with 2 costal nerves, 

 somewhat lustrous, the beak ratiier long, glabrous or slightly 



scabrous, with hyaline entire tip; stigmas 3, short. July- 



Aug. Rather dry alpine slopes; Hokkaido (Mount Yubari- 

 dake), Honshu (Mount Shirouma and Mount Hayachine); 



very rare. n. Korea, Sakhalin, Kuriles, and the cooler zones 



and alpine regions of the N. Hemisphere. 



159. Carex tenuiformis Lev. & Van't. C. \oreana 



Komar., non Bailey Onoe-suge, Rebun-suge. Plant 



somewhat tufted; culms slender, 15-40 cm. long, nodding in 

 upper part; leaf-blades deep green, 2.5-4 mm. wide, the basal 

 sheaths dark sanguineous in part; spikes 2-^, loosely arranged, 

 the terminal staminate, long-peduncled, clavate-linear, 1-1.5 

 cm. long, longer than die others, the pistillate linear-oblong, 

 1-2.5 cm. long, loosely flowered, long-peduncled, nodding, the 

 bracts short-bladed, long-sheathing; pistillate scales acute, red- 

 dish brown; perigynia longer tiian the scales, 3-4.5 mm. long, 

 suberect, ovoid-fusiform, obtusely angled, brownish green, 

 slightly lustrous, glabrous or sparsely spinulose at tip, with 2 

 costal nerves, moderately long-beaked, hyaline at tip; stigmas 



3, slender. June-Aug. Rather dry alpine slopes; Hokkaido, 



Honshu (n. and centr. distr.). Korea, Ussuri, Sakhalin, 



and s. Kuriles. 



160. Carex alliiformis C. B. Clarke. C. purpurascens 

 Kuekenth. Ryukyu-suge. Culms 20-40 cm. long, gla- 

 brous; leaf-blades flat, soft, dark green, 6-12 mm. wide, the 

 basal sheaths sanguineous; spikes 3-7, erect, approximate, the 

 lower ones distant, the upper 1-3 staminate and linear or 

 gynecandrous and clavate, the others mostly all pistillate, 

 often with a few staminate flowers at base, narrowly oblong, 

 densely many-flowered, peduncled, the bracts leaflike, the 

 sheaths often dark purplish red at base; pistillate scales ovate, 

 acute, dark reddish purple; perigynia longer than the scales, 

 3.5-4 mm. long, slighdy turgid, membranous, lustrous, gla- 

 brous, green, many-nerved, rather abrupdy short-beaked, with 



an entire hyaline tip; stigmas 3. Apr.-May. Dense woods; 



s. Kyushu; rare. Ryukyus, Formosa, China, and Indochina. 



161. Carex japonica Thunb. C. japonica var. minor 

 Boott; C. motoskei Miq.; C. trichostyles Fr. & Sav.; C. ja- 

 ponica var. gracilis Miq.; C. japonicaeformis Nakai HiGO- 



KUSA. Rhizomes elongate, slender; culms 20-40 cm. long, 

 scabrous, often 1-leaved; leaf-blades flat, 2.5-4 mm. wide, 

 somewhat glaucous beneath, the basal sheaths pale; spikes 2-4, 

 loosely arranged, die terminal staminate, linear, pale green, 

 1.5-3 cm. long, peduncled, the lateral pistillate, ellipsoidal to 

 narrowly oblong, 1-2 cm. long, densely many-flowered, nod- 

 ding on slender peduncles, the lower bracts leaflike, longer 

 than the culm, sheadiless; pistillate scales narrowly ovate, 

 acuminate, pale; perig^'nia longer than the scales, 3.5-4 mm. 

 long, spreading, ovoid, nerved, slightly inflated, membranous. 



