248 



Cyperaceae 



pale green, glabrous, gradually long-beaked, minutely 2- 

 toothed and hyaline at tip; stigmas 3, persistent, brown, slen- 

 der, slightly longer than the perigynium. Apr.-June. 



Woods in lowlands; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; 

 rather common. Korea and China. 



162. Carex aphanolepis Fr. & Sav. C. japonica var. 

 humilis Franch.; C. japonica var. aphanolepis (Fr. & Sav.) 



Franch. ex Lev. & Van't.; C. vernicosa C. B. Clarke 



E-NASHi-HiGo-KusA, Sawa-suge. Closely related to C. ja- 



ponica; culms 20-40 cm. long; leaf -blades 2-4 mm. wide; 

 spikes 2-4, the pistillate globose to oblong, usually sessile, 7-12 

 mm. long, erect; perigynia much longer than the scales, 3 mm. 

 long, spreading, ellipsoidal, spongy-membranous, pale, strongly 

 inflated, abruptly short-beaked; stigmas short, deciduous after 



anthesis. Apr.-June. Woods on hillsides and in lowlands; 



Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. Korea. 



163. Carex doniana Spreng. C. chlorostachys D. Don, 

 non Stev.; C. zollingeri Kunze; C. consocialis Steud.; C. 



alopecuroides var. chlorostachys (D. Don) Kuekenth. 



Shira-suge. Cukns rather stout, tufted, 50-70 cm. long; 

 leaf-blades flat, light green, whitish beneath, 5-10 mm. wide, 

 the basal sheaths pale; spikes 4-6, the terminal staminate, elon- 

 gate-linear, light green, 3-6 cm. long, the others pistillate, 

 cylindric, densely many-flowered, erect or nodding, 3-7 cm. 

 long, the upper ones sessile, the lower bracts leaflike, sheath- 

 less; pistillate scales narrowly ovate, very acute, whitish with 

 a green midrib; perigynia longer than the scales, 3 mm. long, 

 spreading, narrowly ovoid, somewhat inflated, membranous, 

 nerved, pale green, glabrous, rather abruptly short-beaked, the 

 tip hyaUne, minutely 2-toothed; stigmas 3. — —Apr.-June. 

 Woods and thickets in lowlands and in low mountains; Hok- 

 kaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. Korea, China, 



Ryukyus, Formosa, Malaysia, and India. 



164. Carex planiculmis Komar. C. japonica var. nai- 

 piangensis Lev. & Van't.; C. paniculigera Nakai; C. macromol- 

 licula Nakai Hikage-shira-suge. Resembles the preced- 

 ing; leaf-blades to 10 mm. wide, bright green, not glaucous 

 beneath; spikes 4 or 5, erect, contiguous or approximate, the 

 terminal staminate, 3-5 cm. long, slightly ferrugineous, the 

 pistillate 2-5 cm. long, the lower occasionally nodding, the 

 lowest bract leaflike, nearly erect; pistillate scales ovate, pale 

 or often obscurely tawny; perigynia 3.5-4 mm. long. June- 

 July. Coniferous woods; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. distr.); 

 rather rare. Korea, Manchuria, Ussuri, and Sakhalin. 



165. Carex mollicula Boott. C. arcuata Franch. 



Hime-shira-suge. Culms 15-30 cm. long, soft but rather 

 stout, scabrous, acutely angled; leaf -blades flat, soft, rather 

 thin, bright green, 4-8 mm. wide, the basal sheaths pale; 

 spikes 3-6, nearly contiguous, erect, sessile, the upper ones al- 

 most fastigiate, the terminal staminate, linear, pale green, 1.5-3 

 cm. long, the lateral pistillate, short-cylindric, densely many- 

 flowered, sessile or nearly so, 1.5-3 cm. long, the lowest one 

 often somewhat distant and short-peduncled, the lowest bract 

 leaflike, spreading or slightly deflexed, sheathless; pistillate 

 scales narrowly ovate, long-acuminate, pale; perigynia longer 

 than the scales, 3-4 mm. long, spreading or slightly reflexed, 

 narrowly ovoid, inflated, trigonous, pale green, glabrous, few- 

 nerved, gradually long-beaked, with a minutely 2-toothed hya- 

 line tip; stigmas 3, short, slender. May-July. Damp woods 



in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather 

 rare. s. Korea and s. Kuriles. 



166. Carex satsumensis Fr. & Sav. C. ni\oensis Fr. & 



Sav. Abura-shiba. Rhizomes elongate, slender; culms 



glabrous, obtusely angled, 10-30 cm. long; leaf-blades 2-3 mm. 

 wide, flat, rather stiff; inflorescence an acute, ovoid-conical to 

 oblong-conical dense panicle 3-8 cm. long, with numerous 

 spikes; spikes androgynous, ovate, 5-12 mm. long, spreading, 

 the lateral sessile, branching at base, the bracts scalelike or 

 short, sheathless; pistillate scales lanceolate-ovate, obscurely 

 tawny; perigynia longer than the scales, about 2.5 mm. long, 

 spreading, narrowly ovoid, obtusely angled, faintly nerved, 

 brownish, glabrous, rather abruptly long-beaked, with a hya- 

 line obliquely truncate tip; stigmas 3, long. Apr .-July. 



Honshu (Iwashiro Prov. and westw.) ; Shikoku, Kyushu. 



Formosa and Philippines. 



167. Carex cruciata Wahlenb. C. ha\\uensis Hayata 

 Hanabi-suge. Large stout herb; rhizomes thick, short- 

 creeping; culms 40-100 cm. long, stout, glabrous, obtusely 

 angled; leaf-blades flat, 6-12 mm. wide, coriaceous, the basal 

 sheaths pale or partially sanguineous; inflorescence a large 

 compound panicle, with numerous peduncled spikes, the 

 branches hispid-scabrous, the bracts leaflike, much longer than 

 the inflorescence, long-sheathing; spikes androgynous, oblong 

 or ovoid, 5-8 mm. long, light tawny; bractlets scalelike, 

 awned; cladoprophyllum utricle-shaped; pistillate scales 

 broadly ovate, cuspidate, lustrous, pale and ferrugineous- 

 striolate, slenderly nerved; perigynia longer dian the scales, 

 3.5-4 mm. long, ovoid, inflated, glabrous or hairy at tip, 

 rather abruptly long-beaked, with an obliquely truncate hya- 

 line tip; stigmas 3. Kyushu (Nagaura in Hizen Prov.); 



rare. Ryukyus, Formosa, China, and India. 



168. Carex brunnea Thunb. var. brunnea. C. gentilis 



var. oshimensis Kuekenth.; C. amamioshimensis Akiyama 



Kogome-suge, Kogome-nakiri-suge. Plant tufted, forming a 

 large clump; culms slender, rather firm, 40-80 cm. long; leaves 

 with rather stiff yellowish green to bright green blades (2-) 

 3-4 mm. wide, the basal sheaths brown; spikes numerous, 

 androgynous, narrowly cylindric, 1-3 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick, 

 often branched at the base, binate to ternate, stramineous, nod- 

 ding; peduncles slender, branched, scabrous, exserted from the 

 sheath of the bracts, the lower bracts leaflike, long-sheathing; 

 pistillate scales ovate, acute, ferrugineous; perigynia longer 

 than the scales, 2.5-2.7 mm. long, nearly erect, elliptic, brown- 

 ish, membranous, distinctly nerved, planoconvex or unequally 

 biconvex, sparsely hispidulous on the nerves, abruptly short- 

 beaked, with a minutely 2-toothed hyaline tip; stigmas 2, 



shorter than the perigynium. Aug.-Sept. Dry open woods 



near the seacoast; Honshu (s. Kanto, westw. to s. Kinki, along 



the Pacific side), Shikoku (?), Kyushu. Ryukyus, Formosa, 



s. China, and Philippines. 



Var. abscondita T. Koyama. Shio-kaze-nakiri. Rhi- 

 zomes decumbent; culms very scabrous, short, mostly hidden 

 among the leaves; spikes not branched; perigynia very short- 

 beaked or nearly beakless. Honshu (Pacific coast in Mi- 



kawa Prov.). 



169. Carex lenta D. Don. var. sendaica (Franch.) T. 

 Koyama. C. brunnea var. sendaica (Franch.) Kuekenth.; C. 



sendaica Franch.; C. jranchetiana Lev. & Van't. Sendai-suge. 



Rhizomes decumbent, short to long-creeping; culms 10-30 cm. 

 long, slender, as long as the leaves; leaf-blades flat, yellowish 

 to dark green, very stiff; spikes 3 or 4, androgynous or the 

 lower ones pistillate, cylindric to oblong, 7-15 mm. long, 3.5-4 



