Araceae 263 



style, the stigma 3- or 4-lobed; ovules several, erect, orthotropous; berries usually reddish, the seeds almost globose, the endosperm 

 copious. Rather numerous species in the Tropics of Asia. 



1. Alocasia macrorrhiza (L.) Schott. Arum macrorrhi- slightly connate at base, the lateral nerves 9-12 pairs, the low- 

 son L.; Colocasia macrorrhiza (L.) R. Br.; Arum peregrinum est pair nearly straight-reflexed; peduncles 15-20 cm. long; 



L. KuwAZu-tMo. Stems epigeous, stout, terete, some- spathe greenish, the tube light green, oblong, 4-8 cm. long, 



times more than 1 m. tall; leaves bright green, on a long the blade oblong, concave, acute, longer than the tube; spadix 



stout sheathing petiole, the blade large, broadly ovate, to 60 nearly as long as the spathe, the appendage narrowly conical. 



cm. long, 50-60 cm. wide, acute, entire, cordate-sagittate at Woods in low mountains; Shikoku (s. distr.), Kyushu (s. 



base, nearly peltate, with the basal sinus of lower margins distr.). Formosa, s. China, se. Asia, and Australia. 



6. CALLA L. HiME-KAiu Zoku 



Rather soft perennial herbs of swampy places, with long-creeping rhizomes; leaves with long-sheathing petiole, the blades 

 cordate, entire, rounded to mucronate at apex; scape radical; spathe more or less cuplike, without tubular part, the limb broadly 

 ovate to ovate-oblong, abruptly acute, abruptly narrowed and more or less decurrent at base, white at anthesis, greenish in fruit, 

 persistent; spadix peduncled, cylindric; flowers mostly bisexual, the upper ones staminate, without a perianth; stamens about 6, 

 with broad flat filament; ovary 1-locular, with 6-9 anatropous ovules; stigma sessile; berries globose, the seeds several, oblong, 

 with abundant endosperm. One widely distributed species in the boreal zone of the N. Hemisphere. 



1. Calla palustris L. Hime-kaiu, Mizd-zazen, Mizu- mucro to 7 mm. long; spadix 1.5-3 cm. long, narrowly ob- 



iMo. Rhizomes stout, 1-1.5 cm. in diameter, decumbent; long at anthesis, to 5 cm. long, and ellipsoidal in fruit, densely 



leaves on a long terete petiole 10-25 cm. long, cordate at flowered, the peduncle 7-12 mm. long. Shallow water and 



base, entire, 7-12 cm. long and as wide, nerves slender, many, swampy places around ponds in moors; Hokkaido, Honshu 



inconspicuous, curved inward at tip; scapes 15-30 cm. long; (n. distr.). Europe, Siberia, n. Asia, and N. America. 



spathe 4-6 cm. long, 3-5 cm. wide, rather flat, ending in a 



7, LYSICHITON Schott Mizu-basho Zoku 



Rather soft, large, glabrous perennials with stout erect rhizomes; leaves several, radical, tufted, rosulate, the petiole spongy, 

 nearly planoconvex in cross section, the blade large, simple, entire, elliptic to narrowly oblong, subobtuse, decurrent at base, the 

 midrib thick, the lateral nerves curved inward at tip, not reaching the margin; scape elongate after anthesis; spathe withered 

 in fruit, the basal part elongate, tighdy enclosing the peduncle, inrolled but not connate on margin, the blade ovate, abruptly 

 acuminate; spadix without appendage, cylindric, densely many-flowered; flowers bisexual; tepals 4, narrowly oblong, incurved 

 below the apex; stamens 4, the filaments somewhat flat; ovary conical-ovoid, completely or incompletely 2-locular; stigma sessile; 

 ovules 1 or 2 to each locule; berries 2-seeded; endosperm absent. Two species, 1 in N. America and another in e. Asia. 



1. Lysichiton camtschatcense (L.) Schott Dracontium tubular basal part of the spathe; spathe-blade white, elliptic to 



camtsc/iatcense L.; Pothos camtschaticus Spreng.; Arciiodracon ovate, 8-12 cm. long, abrupdy acute; spadix terete, cylindric, 



japonicum A. Gray; A. camtschaticus (Spreng.) A. Gray 4-8 cm. long at anthesis, oblong to short-cylindric, to 12 cm. 



Mizu-basho. Large, soft perennial with thick, white, short, long and 5 cm. across in fruit; flowers bisexual, perianth- 

 erect rhizomes; leaves elongate after anthesis, 40-80 cm. long, segments small, rounded at apex; anthers yellow, ovoid. 



15-30 cm. wide, elliptic to narrowly oblong, entire, gradually May-July. Common in swampy places; Hokkaido, Honshu 



narrowed at base to a flat petiole, the lateral nerves very (centr. and n. distr.). Kuriles, Kamchatka, Sakhalin, and 



slender; scape 10-30 cm. long, tightly covered by the narrow- Ussuri. 



8. SYMPLOCARPUS Salisb. Zazen-soZoku 



Large stout perennials with very stout erect rhizomes; leaves radical, rosulate, tufted, the petioles thick, long-sheathing at base, 

 the blade cordate to ovate-elliptic, abruptly decurrent on the petiole, with several pairs of lateral nerves, incurved above; 

 scape short at anthesis, elongate but shorter than the leaves in fruit; spathe navicular-hemispherical, thick and fleshy, dark pur- 

 ple or purplish brown, rarely green, acute, without a basal tubular part; spadix ellipsoidal, distinctiy peduncled, much smaller 

 than the spathe, densely flowered, without an appendage; flowers bisexual; perianth-segments 4, thick, incurved at tip; stamens 



4, the filaments flattened; ovary 1-locular, 1-ovuled, elongate; style conical, stigma small. Two or three species, e. Asia and 



e. N. America. 



lA. Leaf-blades orbicular-cordate, acute; flowering before the leaves; fruits ripening in summer of the same year 1.5. renifolius 



IB. Leaf-blades ovate to narrowly ovate, obtuse; flowering after the leaves; fruits ripening the second spring 2. 5. nipponicus 



1. Symplocarpus renifolius Schott. Symplocarpus joe- kino) Hara Zazen-s6. Large, fleshy, glabrous, foetid 



tidus sensu auct. Asiat., non Salisb. ex Nutt.; Spathyema perennial; leaves tufted, long-petiolate, the blade orbicular, 



joetida forma latisslma Makino; Symplocarpus foetidus forma acute, deeply cordate at base, 30-40 cm. long and as wide; 



latissimus Makino in syn.; 5. foetidus var. latissimus (Ma- flowering before the leaves, the peduncle short; spathe 8-20 



