266 Eriocaulaceae 



7A. Receptacle densely pilose; leaves 1-2 (-3) mm. wide, long-acuminate 6. E. parvum 



7B. Receptacle glabrous; leaves 5-7 mm. wiAt, gradually narrowed above and obtuse at tip 7. £. senile 



2B. Sepals of pistillate flowers 3, connate into a 3-lobed spathe open on one side, bractlike. 



8A. Anthers white; peduncles 8- to 10-grooved; caudex obovoid, erect 8. £. heleocharoides 



8B. Anthers blackish; peduncles 3- to 6-ribbed; caudex wanting or obconical and very short. 



9A. Heads of numerous flowers (see No. 9); involucral bracts usually longer than the disc flowers (except in Nos. 13-15); floral 

 bracts whitish, glabrous or white-bearded on the upper margin; calyx whitish. 

 1 OA. Petals of pistillate flowers wholly glabrous. 



IIA. Heads few-flowered; involucral bracts few, much longer than the disc flowers; floral bracts and calyces minutely 



toothed on the upper margin 9. E. ta\ae 



IIB. Heads many-flowered. 



12A. Involucral bracts much exceeding the disc flowers, acute; calyces minutely toothed on the upper margin. 



10. E. omuranum 

 12B. Involucral bracts slightly longer than the disc flowers, rather obtuse at apex; calyces entire-margined. 11. E. japonicum 

 lOB. Petals of pistillate flowers pilose inside. 

 13A. Involucral bracts obtuse. 



HA. Involucral bracts longer than the disc flowers; locules of ovary 2; stigmas 2 or sometimes 3 12. E. perplexum 



14B. Involucral bracts not exceeding the disc flowers; locules of ovary and stigmas 3. 



15A. Petals of pistillate flowers glabrous at apex; receptacle glabrous 13. E. robustius 



15B. Petals of pistillate flowers white-bearded at apex; floral bracts and calyces usually also bearded on the upper margin; 

 receptacle pilose. 



16A. Calyx puberulous only on the upper margin; leaves broad 14. E. buergerianum 



16B. Calyx densely puberulous both on the upper margin and on the dorsal part of the lobes; leaves linear; heads 



densely white puberulent 15. E. nudicuspe 



13B. Involucral bracts acuminate, conspicuously exceeding the disc flowers. 



17A. Petals and calyx of pistillate flowers perfectly glabrous; a relatively stout herb 16. E. hondoense 



17B. Petals and calyx bearded on the upper margin; floral bracts also bearded on back. 



18A. Involucral bracts lanceolate, about twice as long as the disc flowers; floral bracts of the pistillate flowers white- 



puberulous on the dorsal side; receptacle pilose 17. E. sil{p\ianum 



18B. Involucral bracts 2 to 3 times longer than the disc flowers; floral bracts of pistillate flowers puberulous on the 



apical part outside; receptacle glabrous 18. E. miquelianum 



9B. Heads few-flowered (except in No. 22); involucral bracts as long as or slightly shorter than the disc flowers (see Nos. 20-22); 

 floral bracts blackish or whitish, usually glabrous, rarely loosely puberulous on the upper margin; calyx blackish, rarely 

 white. 

 19 A. Calyx white, thin. 



20A. Heads 2-3 mm. long; receptacle glabrous 19. E. pallescens 



20B. Heads 4-6 mm. long; receptacle pilose 20. £. dimorphoelytrum 



19B. Calyx blackish; involucral bracts also often blackish. 

 21 A. Involucral bracts acute, exceeding the disc flowers. 



22A. Floral bracts acute; staminate corolla lobes puberulous at apices 21. E. atroides 



22B. Floral bracts obtuse; staminate corolla lobes glabrous on margins 22. E. sekimotoi 



2 IB. Involucral bracts rounded to obtuse, rarely the outer ones somewhat acute, as long as or slightly shorter than the disc 

 flowers. 

 23A. Heads cyathiform, very few-flowered, higher than wide; very slender herbs with leaves about 1 mm. wide. 

 24A. Calyces of pistillate flowers glabrous outside. 



25A. Calyx of pistillate flowers with 2 deltoid lobes; petals of pistillate flowers 2 or 3. 



23. E. sachalinense var. kfishiroense 



25B. Calyx of pistillate flowers 3-lobed; flowers wholly trimerous 24. E. nanellum 



24B. Calyces of pistillate flowers densely pilose outside 25. E. ozense 



23B. Heads hemisphaerical, the height less than the width; leaves 2-5 mm. wide, several-nerved 26. E. atrum 



1. Eriocaulon decemflorum Maxim, var. decemflorum. Stemless annual; leaves radical, erect-ascending, cinereous 

 Ko-iNU-NO-HiGE. Stemless annual 5-15 cm. high; leaves green, 2-4 cm. long, 2.5-3 mm. wide, 5- to 7-nerved; peduncles 

 linear, gradually long-acuminate, yellowish green, 3- to 8-10 cm. tall, 5-angled; heads globose, many-flowered, 4-5 

 5-nerved; peduncles slender, longer than the leaves, 4-ribbed; mm. in diameter; involucral bracts many, ovate-deltoid, dis- 

 heads turbinate, white to pale green, 3-4 mm. long, about tinctly short-awned, about 2.5 mm. long including the awn; 

 10-flowered; involucral bracts ovate-lanceolate, longer than the flowers wholly dimerous, the staminate apetalous with gray 



disc flowers; floral bracts white. Wet places in lowlands anthers, the pistillate with 2 free winged sepals, apetalous; 



and mountains; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. China (?). stigmas 2, very rarely 3. Kyushu (Hyuga Prov.); rare. The 



Var. nipponicum (Maxim.) Nakai. E. nipponicum typical phase occurs in s. China, Indochina, and India. 



Maxim. Ito-inu-no-hige. Larger than the typical va- 3. Eriocaulon cinereum R. Br. var. sieboldianum 



riety; peduncles to 30 cm. tall; heads to 5 mm. long; floral (Sieb. & Zucc.) T. Koyama. E. sexangulare sensu auct. Japon., 



bracts, sepals and petals densely white-bearded. Wet places non L.; E. heteranthum Benth.; E. jormosanum Hayata 



in lowlands; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; quite Hoshi-kusa. Stemless annual; leaves short, rosulate, nar- 



common. Korea and China. rowly linear, long-acuminate, 2.8-8 cm. long, 1-2 mm. wide; 



2. Eriocaulon echinulatum Martius var. seticuspe peduncles 5-15 cm. long, scarcely ribbed; heads ovoid-globose, 

 (Ohwi) Ohwi. E. seticuspe Ohwi Hyuga-hoshi-kusa. 3-4 mm. long, 4 mm. across, sordid white or brownish white. 



