268 



Eriocatjlaceae 



brous; floral bracts hyaline, oblong, acute to acuminate, nearly 

 glabrous; pistillate flowers almost 2 mm. long, the calyx gla- 

 brous, spathelike, trilobate, the petals 3, free, lanceolate, 



cuneate at base, the stigmas 3, almost as long as the style. 



Honshu (Kadzusa Prov.) ; very local and scarce. 



12. Eriocaulon perplexum Satake & Hara. Ezo-inu- 

 No-HiGE. Acaulescent annual; leaves broadly linear, 2-6 

 cm. long, 1-3 mm. wide, 5- to 8-nerved; peduncles 5-14 cm. 

 long, 4- or 5-ribbed; heads hemisphaerical, 3-6 mm. across; in- 

 volucral bracts 6-8, obovate or oblong-obovate, obtuse-tipped, 

 1.2-2 mm. wide, 3-4 mm. long, white, slightly longer than 

 the disc flowers; receptacle pilose; flowers many, both dimerous 

 and trimerous together in the same head; staminate flowers 

 2.5 mm. long, with a bearded spathiform 2- or 3-lobed calyx; 

 pistillate flowers with obovate, acute bracts pubescent along the 

 upper margin, the calyx spathiform, long-ciliate and 2- or 3- 

 lobed on the upper margin, the petals 2 or 3, oblanceolate, the 



stigmas 2 or 3, as long as to exceeding the style. Hokkaido 



(Hidaka Prov.) ; local. 



13. Eriocaulon robustius (Maxim.) Makino. E. alpestre 



var. robustius Maxim. Hiroha-inu-no-hige. Relatively 



robust, usually stemless annual or sometimes with an obconical 

 caudex; leaves broadly linear, gradually attenuate to a rather 

 obmse apex, flat, 5-17 cm. long, 5-8 (-10) mm. wide, 9- to 

 17-nerved; peduncles numerous, usually 5-ribbed; heads hemi- 

 sphaerical or obconical-globose, 4 mm. long, 4-6 mm. in 

 diameter; involucral bracts 10-12, ovate-oblong, 2-2.5 mm. 

 long, 1.5 mm. wide, rounded at apex, shorter than the disc 

 flowers; receptacle glabrous; flowers numerous, 1.5-2 mm. 

 long; floral bracts obovate, obtuse- tipped; staminate calyx 

 obovate, spathelike, trilobed at tip, obtuse, glabrous; pistillate 

 flowers with obovate, spathelike, trilobed calyx, nearly gla- 

 brous inside, the petals 3, free, oblong-lanceolate, pilose in- 

 side, glabrous at apex, the stigmas 3, slightly shorter than the 



style. Wet places and paddy fields in lowlands; Hokkaido, 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; quite common. ^Korea, Man- 

 churia, and e. Siberia. Forma perpusillum (Nakai) Satake. 

 E. alpestre var. perpusillum Nakai; E. robustius var. perpusil- 

 lum Nakai) Satake Chabo-inu-no-hige. A dwarf form. 



Var. nigrum Satake. Kuro-hiroha-inu-no-hige. Floral 

 bracts and calyx dark brown, relatively small, otherwise al- 

 most as in the typical variety. Honshu. 



14. Eriocaulon buergerianum Koern. E. pachypetalum 



Hayata O-hoshi-kusa. Rather large, stemless annual; 



leaves many, broadly linear, gradually tapering above toward 

 an obtuse apex, 13- to 17-nerved, 8-20 cm. long, 4-8 mm. 

 wide; peduncles numerous, densely tufted, 15-30 cm. long, 

 5- or 6-ribbed; heads hemisphaerical, 4-5 mm. high, 6 mm. in 

 diameter, densely white-pilose; involucral bracts broadly 

 obovate to orbicular-obovate, 2.5 mm. long, shorter than the 

 disc flowers; receptacle pilose; floral bracts membranous, 

 cuneate, 2.2 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, densely puberulent on 

 the upper margin and on the back, the pistillate bracts deltoid 

 at apex; flowers numerous; pistillate flowers with an elliptic 

 spathelike calyx open on one side, hyaline, minutely 3-lobed 

 at apex, ciliate, pilose inside, the petals 3, free, lanceolate, al- 

 most glabrous at the tips, the stigmas 3, as long as the style. 

 Paddy fields; Honshu (Kinki Distr. and westw.), Shi- 

 koku, Kyushu. China, Ryukyus, and Formosa. 



15. Eriocaulon nudicuspe Maxim. Shiratama-hoshi- 

 KUSA, Konpeit6-s6. Stemless plant; leaves tufted, ascending, 

 linear, 3-15 cm. long, less than 3 mm. wide, subulate at apex. 



more or less flattened; peduncles 1-3 (-5), erect, 20-40 cm. 

 long, 4-ribbed, loosely twisted; heads globose, 6-8 mm. long, 

 5-7 mm. across, densely white-pilose; involucral bracts 6-10, 

 broadly lanceolate, obtuse; floral bracts rhomboid-lanceolate, 

 more or less deltoid above, obtuse, 3 mm. long, 1.5-2 mm. 

 wide, with 2- or 3-celled hairs outside and on the upper mar- 

 gin; flowers trimerous, numerous; receptacle pilose; staminate 

 flowers about 3 mm. long, with an obovate, hyaline spathe, 

 truncate and 3-lobed at the densely villose apex; pistillate 

 flowers slightly longer than the staminate, the calyx spathelike, 

 ovate-rhomboid, the apex densely villose and 3-lobed, pilose in- 

 side and outside, the petals 3, free, oblanceolate, pilose in- 

 side, pubescent at the apex, the stigmas 3, almost as long as the 



style. Wet places around springs in low hills; Honshu 



(Mikawa, Owari, Mino, and Ise Prov.) ; locally abundant. 



16. Eriocaulon hondoense Satake. E. miquelianum 

 sensu auct. Japon., pro parte, non Koern.; E. hondoense var. 



stellatum Satake Nippon-inu-no-hige, Hoshizaki-inu-no- 



HiGE. Relatively robust, stemless annual; leaves many, tufted, 

 linear to broadly linear, 10-20 cm. long, 5-8 mm. wide, flat, 

 gradually attenuate to a somewhat firm obtuse apex, about 

 13-nerved; peduncles numerous, 15-22 cm. tall, 5-ribbed, 

 loosely twisted; heads broadly turbinate to somewhat obconical- 

 globose, 6-8 mm. across, quite glabrous; outer involucral 

 bracts 8 or 9, lanceolate, acute, 3-nerved, 7-9 mm. long or 

 more, about 2 times longer (rarely to 3 times in forma stel- 

 latum (Satake) T. Koyama) than the disc flowers; receptacle 

 glabrous; floral bracts narrowly obovate, shallowly navicular, 

 shortly cuspidate at apex, as long as or slightly shorter than 

 the flowers, glabrous or sparsely puberulent on the upper 

 margin; pistillate flowers with a hyaline spathelike calyx, 

 3-lobed at apex, glabrous outside, pilose inside, glabrous or 

 short-ciliolate on the upper margin, the petals lanceolate, 

 cuneate at base, quite glabrous at apex, pilose inside, the 



stigmas 3, shorter than the style. Wet lowlands; Hokkaido, 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. Korea (Quelpaert 



Isl.). 



17. Eriocaulon sikokianum Maxim. Shiro-inu-no-hige. 

 Stemless annual; leaves linear, 12-18 cm. long, 3-5 mm. wide, 

 gradually attenuate to a somewhat firm acute tip; peduncles 

 numerous, 15-40 cm. tall, prominently 5- or 6-ribbed, twisted; 

 heads hemisphaerical or turbinate, about 1 cm. across; in- 

 volucral bracts about 12-14, broadly lanceolate to lanceolate, 

 5-8 mm. long, 2-2.5 mm. wide, 1.5 times longer than the disc 

 flowers or shorter; floral bracts obovate, rather acute, puberu- 

 lent, slightly shorter than the flowers; pistillate flowers with 

 spathelike, 3-lobed, puberulent calyx, the petals 3, free, lan- 

 ceolate, cuneate at base, rather acute and puberulent at apex, 

 glabrous outside, pilose inside. A variable species. 



Var. sikokianum. Shiro-inu-no-hige. Receptacle pilose; 

 floral bracts and calyces rather densely white-puberulent on 



the upper margin; ovary 3-locular; stigmas 3. Honshu, 



Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea. 



Var. lutchuense (Koidz.) Satake. E. lutchuense Koidz. 



Okinawa-hoshi-kusa. Receptacle quite glabrous; floral 



bracts and calyces also not bearded; otherwise almost as in 



the typical variety. Honshu (Shimotsuke Prov.), Kyushu. 



Ryukyus. 



Var. piliphorum (Satake) Satake. E. piliphorum Satake 



Nagato-hoshi-kusa. Receptacle pilose; some flowers 



with the ovary 2-locular and the stigmas 3. Honshu (Na- 



ga to Prov.). 



