Philydraceae; Juncaceae 273 



1. Philydrum lanuginosum Banks ex Gaertn. Garciana segments ovate, membranous, withering but persistent and 



cochincliincnsis Lour. Tanuki-ayame. Stems herba- enclosing the fruit, 15-18 mm. long; stamen about 2/3 as long 



ceous, 50-100 cm. long, with long woolly white hairs especially as the perianth-segments; inner perianth segments membra- 



on the inflorescence; leaves 2-ranked, linear, ensiform, gradu- nous, glabrous, cuneate, rather acute, slightly shorter than the 



ally narrowed above, smooth, 30-70 cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide fertile stamens; capsule oblong, about 12 mm. long, with long 



at base; scape terminal, usually simple, with several short white tomentose hairs, the seeds narrowly cocoon-shaped, 0.7 



leaves; spike erect, 20-50 cm. long, rather many-flowered, the mm. long, minutely papillose on the upper half. Aug.-Oct. 



bracts oblong, attenuate above, nearly erect, 2-6 cm. long; Wet places in lowlands; Kyushu. Ryukyus, Formosa, 



flowers 1 or 2 in a.\il of each bract, sessile, yellow; perianth- China, Indian, Malaysia, and Australia. 



Fam. 50. JUNCACEAE Igusa Ka Rush Family 

 (Contributed by Dr. Tetsuo Koyama.) 



Annual or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs; stems erect, usually simple; leaves terete, flat, ensiform or linear, somedmes scale- 

 like, more or less sheathing at base; inflorescence corymbose, or cymose, sometimes capitate or reduced to a single flower; flowers 

 small, usually with a bracteole at base, bisexual; perianth-segments 6, free, 2-ranked, persistent, glumaceous; stamens 3 or 6, 

 with basifixed anthers; ovary superior, imperfecdy to perfecdy 3-locular, the stigmas 3, the ovules anatropous, ascending; cap- 

 sule loculicidally dehiscent, 3-valved, the seeds few to numerous, with an erect embryo. About 8 genera, with more than 



300 species, widely distributed in both hemispheres. 



lA. Leaves more or less pilose on the margin; flowers always bearing a bracteole at base; capsule 1-locular, 3-seecled 1. Luziila 



IB. Leaves glabrous; flowers sometimes with a bracteole at base; capsule 1- to 3-locular, many-seeded 2. Juncus 



1. LUZULA DC. SuZUME-NO-YARI ZOKU 



Perennials; stems usually few-leaved; leaves basal and cauline, flat or sulcate above, the sheath cylindrical, not auricled at apex; 

 inflorescence cymose, umbellike or capitate; flowers solitary on the pedicels or densely aggregated in a capitate cluster, always 

 with a bracteole at base; perianth-segments 6, glumaceous, 2-ranked, similar; filaments linear or filiform, bearing oblong to 

 hnear anthers; ovary I-locular, the style terminal, single, with a twisted 3-fid stigma; ovules 3, anatropous; capsule 3-valved 

 and 3-seeded; seeds ovoid to ellipsoidal with or without a caruncle at one end, sometimes very sparsely pilose at base, the embryo 

 small, the endosperm mealy. About 60 species, cosmopolitan, in temperate and subarctic regions. 



lA. Leaves narrow, 2-3 mm. wide, sulcate above, acute at apex; flowers solitary or few together on the slender, recurved ultimate branches 



ot the inflorescence; seeds not caruncled but sparsely pilose at one end L L. wahlenbergii 



IB. Leaves terminated by a callose obtuse tip, flattened, not sulcate above. 

 2A. Flowers solitary on the slender ultimate branches of the umbeliike inflorescence; caruncle rather large; plants stoloniferous. 



3A. Perianth 3.5-4 mm. long; anthers broadly linear, as long as or longer than the filament 2. L. pliimosa var. macrocarpa 



3B. Perianth 2-3 mm. long; anthers oblong, conspicuously shorter than the filaments 3. L. rostrata 



2B. Flowers sessile, more or less clustered and forming a capitate inflorescence or glomerule; caruncle small or absent; plants without 

 stolons. 

 "lA. Caruncle conspicuous, J4-H ^s long as the seed. 



5A. Inflorescence a single head, very rarely up to 3 heads 4. L. capitata 



5B. Inflorescence of several, pedunclcd, small heads 5. L. miilriflora 



4B. Caruncle very short to nearly wanting. 



6A. Flowers brownish, dark brown, or black-brown; anthers nearly half as long as the filaments 6. L. oliganlha 



6B. Flowers tawny or greenish brown; anthers nearly as long as the filaments 7, L. pallescens 



1. Luzula wahlenbergii Rupr. L. spadicea var. \unthn Ohwi. (?) L. pmboi var. Integra Satake; L. pilosa sensu auct. 

 E. Mey.; L. spadicea \:ir. wahlenbergii (Rupr.) Buchen.; ? L. Japon., non Willd.; L. plumosa sensu auct. Japon., non E. 



parviflora var. yezoensis Satake Kumoma-suzume-no-hie. Mey.; L. /apon/ra Buchen.; L. r«/«cf;!j- sensu auct. Japon., non 



Rhizomes short; scape slender, declined above after flowering, Fisch.; (?) Luztda rtijcscens var. brevipes Fr. & Sav.; L. 



15-20 cm. long, 2- or 3-leaved; radical leaves narrowly linear, brachycarpa Satake; L. rujescens var. macrocarpa Buchen. 



5-10 cm. long, 2-3 mm. wide, acute, more or less plicate, Nukab6shi-so, Kuro-boshi-s6, Miyam.\-kurob6shi-s6. A very 

 sulcate above toward apex; inflorescence a terminal, nodding, polymorphic perennial, more or less tufted, often stoloniferous; 

 compound cyme, with a short bract; flowers rather numerous, radical leaves linear to broadly linear, 8-15 cm. long, 3-8 mm. 

 solitary or few on the ultimate branches of inflorescence, the wide, the cauline 2 or 3; inflorescence a terminal, rather loosely 

 bracteoles hyaline, ciliate; perianth-segments lanceolate, acute, flowered, umbellate cyme; flowers solitary, pedicelled; peri- 

 equal in length, about 2 mm. long, dark reddish brown; anth-segments lanceolate, acute, light green, partially red- 

 stamens 2/3 as long as the perianth, tlie anthers oblong, brown, nearly equal in length, 3.5-4 mm. long; stamens 

 shorter than the filaments; capsule nearly as long as the peri- slighdy shorter than the perianth, the anthers broadly linear, 



anth, chestnut-brown. July-Aug. Alpine, on dry, grassy as long as or longer than the filaments; capsule longer than 



slopes and rocky places; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. distr.). the perianth, light yellow at maturity; seeds with a curved 

 Kuriles, Kamchatka, Siberia, Europe, and N. America. caruncle nearly as large as the body of die seed. Apr.-July. 



2. Luzula plumosa E. Mey. var. macrocarpa (Buchen.) Rather common in hills and mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, 



