JUNCACEAE 275 



lOB. Leaves terete, laterally compressed, or filiform. 



HA. Leaves filiform or slenderly cylindric; inflorescence of a single head or of several small few-flowered heads. 



12A. Rhizomes prominent, elongate; leaves compressed-cylindric; stems sparsely leafy to the top; heads 2 or 3, rather large, the 



lowest bract always exceeding the inflorescence 11. /. triceps 



12B. Rhizomes very short or absent; leaves needlelike, mostly confined to the lower part of the stem; heads solitary or 2, the 

 lowest bract shorter than the inflorescence. 



13A. Rather firm; flowers dark brown to black-brown; valves of capsule firm 12. /. trigltimis 



13B. Soft herbs; flowers light green; capsules brownish to straw-colored at maturity, the valves membranous. 



HA. Perianth-segments linear; stamens e.xscrted, the filaments longer than the perianth 13. /. maximowiczii 



14B. Perianth-segments narrowly lanceolate; stamens slightly exsertcd, the filaments slightly shorter than the perianth. 



14./. potaninii 

 IIB. Leaves terete or laterally compressed; stamens always shorter than the perianth. 

 ISA. Seeds with taillike appendages at both ends. 



16A. Heads few; stamens 6; capsules rather large 15. /. kflmtschalcensis 



16B. Heads many; stamens 3; capsules rather small. 



17A. Inner perianth-segments obtuse, the outer acute 16. /. jatiriensis 



I7B. Inner perianth-segments acute, the outer obtuse 17. /. tokiibiichii 



I5B. Seeds not tailed. 



18 A. Stem terete, always wingless. 



19A. Heads solitary; perianth-segments castaneous; flowers conspicuously pedicellate 18. /. mertensianiis 



19B. Heads many; perianth-segments greenish. 



20A. Stamens 6; capsules abrupdy contracted to a mucronate apex 24. /. kfameri 



20B. Stamens 3; capsules gradually acuminate. 



2 1 A. Inner perianth-segments longer than the outer; heads few-flowered 23. /. papillosus 



21B. Inner perianth-segments nearly as long as the outer; heads many-flowered 22. /. wallichianus 



18B. Stems compressed, usually winged. 



22A. Heads black-brown; rhizomes creeping, with more or less elongate internodes 19. /. enstfoliiis 



22B. Heads greenish brown or brownish, 2- to several-flowered; internodes of rhizomes very short. 



23A. Heads usually 2-flowered; auricles rather large, oblong; stamens 3 20. /. yal^eishidakensis 



23B. Heads few- to many-flowered; auricles small; stamens 3 or 6. 



24A. Stamens 6; heads usually many-flowered; stems broadly winged 21. /. alattis 



24B. Stamens 3 ; stems narrowly or scarcely winged. 



25A. Inner perianth-segments longer than the outer; capsules lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, distinctly exceeding the 



perianth 25. J. diastrophanthus 



25B. Inner perianth-segments nearly as long as the outer; capsules ovoid- or pyramidal-lanceolate, as long as the perianth 

 or nearly so 26. /. leschenaullii 



1. Juncus bufonius L. Hime-kogai-zekisho. Annual; auricle elliptic, 2-3 mm. long, grayish white, scarious; inflores- 

 stems tufted, 10-30 cm. long, terete, slender; leaves more or cence terminal, cymose, the bracts leafy, longer than die in- 

 less compressed, channeled; flowers solitary, 5-6 mm. long, florescence; flowers soHtary; perianth-segments nearly equal in 

 forming a terminal large concave cyme, the bract leafy, much length, lanceolate, acute, light green, 3.5^ mm. long; stamens 

 shorter than die inflorescence; perianth-segments whitish 6, half as long as the perianth, the anthers half as long as the 

 green, narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, the outer caudate; filaments; capsule light green, ovoid-ellipsoidal, as long as to 

 stamens 6, about half as long as the perianth-segments, the slighdy shorter than the periandi; seeds obliquely obovoid. 



anthers 1/3-1/2 as long as the filaments; capsule oblong, July-Sept. Waste places along roadsides in mountains; 



tawny, shorter than the perianth; seeds obovate-elliptic. Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; quite common and 



June-Oct. Wet sandy places; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, rather variable. Europe, centr. Asia, N. and S. America, 



Kyushu. Cosmopolitan. and Australia. 



2. Juncus gracillimus (Buchen.) V. Krecz. & Gontsch. 4. Juncus beringensis Buchen. /. fauriei Lev. & Van't., 



/. compressiis var. gracillimus Buchen. Doro-i, Mizu-i. pro parte Miyama-i, Tateyama-i. Rhizomes short-creep- 



Rhizomes firm, creeping, the internodes short; stems 40-70 ing, with very short internodes; culms tufted, naked, terete, 



cm. long, terete, rather firm, about 2 mm. across at base; inconspicuously striate, 15-40 cm. tall; leaves at the basal part 



leaves linear, grasslike, rather flat, whitish green, shorter than of the cuhn scalelike, more or less lustrous; inflorescence 



the stem, the auricles small; flowers solitary, in a terminal pseudolateral, 2- to 5-flowered, the lowest bract terete, appear- 



compound cyme; bracts leafy, longer or shorter than the in- ing like a continuation of the culm, 2-4 cm. long, as long as or 



florescence; perianth-segments ovate-oblong, 2.2 mm. long, ob- longer dian the inflorescence; flowers 5-6 mm. long including 



tuse, dark brown-purple on back, red-brown on both sides; the capsule, long-pedicelled; perianth-segments lanceolate, 



stamens 6, 2/3 as long as the perianth-segments, the anthers acute, black-brown, equal in length; stamens 6, slighdy shorter 



nearly as long as the filaments; capsule ellipsoidal, brownish, dian the perianth-segments, the anthers linear, 2-3 mm. long, 



lustrous; seeds ellipsoidal. Wet or swampy places; Hok- the filaments very short; capsule ellipsoidal, dark brown, 



kaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. n. China, Korea, Ussuri, longer than the perianth, obtuse; seeds oblong, 1 mm. long, 



Amur, and Sakhalin. long-tailed at both ends, to 3 mm. long. July-Aug. Wet 



3. Juncus tenuis Willd. /. dudleyi sensu auct. Japon., alpine slopes; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. distr.). Kam- 



non Wieg. Kus.\-i, Shirane-i. Green; rhizomes very chatka and Bering Sea coast. 



short; stems tufted, 30-60 cm. long, terete, slender; leaves 5. Juncus effusus L. var. decipiens Buchen. /. decipi- 

 flattened, grasslike, shorter than the stem, slighdy involute, the ens (Buchen.) Nakai 1, T6shin-s6. Rhizomes short- 



