JUNCACEAE 



277 



Daisetsu), Honshu (Mount Shirouma in Shinano). Korea, 



Kamcliatka, Siberia, China, Himalayas, and Europe. 



13. Juncus maxiraowiczii Buchen. J. ciiprcus Lev. & 

 Van't. Ito-i. Soft slender herb with very short rhi- 

 zomes; stems tufted, 10-15 cm. long, usually bearing 1 leaf; 

 leaves all filiform, more or less compressed, deeply channeled 

 above, 0.5-1 mm. thick, the radical leaves slightly shorter to 

 longer than the stem; heads solitary, terminal, 1- to 4-flovvered, 

 the lowest bract short, leaflike; flowers 5-7 mm. long including 

 the capsule, pedicellate; perianth-segments equal in length, 

 hyaline, light green, linear to broadly linear, rather obtuse; 

 stamens 6, longer than the perianth-segments and nearly as 

 long as the mature fruit, the anthers much shorter than the 

 filaments, exserted from the perianth; capsules narrowly ob- 

 ovoid-ellipsoidal, longer than the perianth, yellowish or light 

 brown, somewhat membranous; seeds with a white tail on 



each end, 2 mm. long. Aug.-Sept. Wet rocks in forest 



zone; Honshu (centr. distr.). Korea. 



14. Juncus potaninii Buchen. /. luzulijormis var. po- 

 taninii (Buchen.) Buchen. Ezo-ixo-i. Related to the pre- 

 ceding but more delicate; stems 5-12 cm. long; flowers 4-5 

 mm. long including the capsule; perianth-segments lanceolate, 

 rather acute, the outer slightly longer than the inner; stamens 

 as long as or slightly longer than the perianth, the filaments 

 slightly shorter than the perianth; capsule slightly longer than 

 the perianth, oblong.— —Hokkaido, Honshu (Mount Yatsu- 

 gatake in Shinano) ; rare. n. Korea and China. 



15. Juncus kamtschatcensis (Buchen.) Kudo. /. faiiri- 



ensis var. kamtschatcensis Buchen. Miyama-hoso-k6g.\i- 



ZEKisHo. Rhizomes short; stems erect, nearly terete, 10-20 

 cm. long; cauline leaves 2 or 3, shorter than the stems, slightly 

 compressed, rather clearly septate, the auricles large, elliptical, 

 1-2 mm. long; inflorescence terminal, bearing (2-)5 heads 

 each 3- to 6-flowered, the bracts short, leaflike, shorter than or 

 slightly longer than the inflorescence; flowers reddish brown, 

 about 5 mm. long including the capsule; perianth-segments 

 narrowly lanceolate, acute, the inner somewhat obtuse, nearly 

 as long as the outer; stamens 6, 2/3 as long as the perianth- 

 segments, the anthers ovoid, shorter than the white filaments; 

 capsules oblong, obtuse, exceeding the perianth-segments, dark 

 brown; seeds oblong, with a tail at each end, about 2 mm. 



long. Aug.-Sept. Swampy places in alpine or subalpine 



regions; Hokkaido, Honshu (n. distr.). Kuriles and Kam- 

 chatka. 



16. Juncus fauriensis Buchen. Hoso-kogai-zekisho. 

 Related to the preceding species, but the stems 20-40 cm. long; 

 inflorescence terminal, with rather numerous heads, the bracts 

 much shorter than the inflorescence; flowers 3-4 mm. long 

 including the capsule; perianth-segments lanceolate, reddish 

 brown; stamens 3, slightly shorter than the outer perianth- 

 segments, the anthers nearly as long as the filaments. Aug.- 

 Sept. In moist places in alpine or subalpine regions; Hok- 

 kaido, Honshu (n. and centr. distr.). 



17. Juncus tokubuchii Miyabe & Kudo. Horomui-k6- 

 GAi. Perennial; stem about 40 cm. long; basal leaves scale- 

 like, the cauline linear, usually shorter than the stem, terete, 

 unitubulose, 10-20 cm. long, perfecdy septate, acuminate; in- 

 florescence terminal, compound, cymose, with many, loosely 

 disposed, 2- to 10-flowered heads; flowers 3 mm. long, or 4.5-5 

 mm. long including the capsule; perianth-segments nearly 

 equal, the outer ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, the inner lanceolate, 

 rather acute; stamens 3, slightly shorter than the perianth- 



segments; capsule elongate-ovoid, exceeding the perianth, 

 castaneous or reddish brown; seeds with a filiform appendage 

 on each end. Hokkaido. 



18. Juncus mertensianus Bong. /. cnsif alius sensu auct. 



Japon., non Wikstr. Ezo-no-mikuri-zekisho, Kumoma-mi- 



KURi-ZEKiSHo. Rhizomcs creeping; stem loosely tufted, 10-25 

 cm. long, about 1 mm. across, slightly compressed; cauline 

 leaves 2 or 3, cylindrical, 7-13 cm. long, I mm. thick, more or 

 less compressed, the septa perfect but not visible, the auricles 

 ovate, obtuse, hyaline, stramineous; heads usually solitary, 

 terminal, 1-1.3 cm. in diameter, 10- to 25-flowered, the lowest 

 bract short, leaflike; flowers distincdy pedicellate, about 4 mm. 

 long, castaneous or blackish brown; perianth-segments lanceo- 

 late, acute, the inner slightly shorter than the outer; stamens 

 6 (rarely 3), 2/3 as long as the perianth, the anthers shorter 

 than the filaments; capsule ellipsoidal or obovoid, obtuse, not 

 exceeding the perianth, castaneous, rather thick; seeds obovoid, 



0.5-0.6 mm. long. Alpine regions; Hokkaido (Mount 



Daisetsu). N. America and Aleutian Isls. 



19. Juncus ensifolius Wikstr. /. xiphioides sensu auct. 



Japon., non E. Mey.; /. oligocephalus Satake & Ohwi 



MiKURi-ZEKisHo, KuRo-MiKURi-ZEKisHo. Rhizomcs short, 



creeping; stems loosely tufted, erect, 30-50 cm. tall, com- 

 pressed, narrowly 2-winged; leaves cauline, few, linear-ensi- 

 form, compressed, slighdy shorter or longer than the stem, 

 pluritubulose, acuminate, the septa clear; inflorescence termi- 

 nal, of 2-5 globose heads, each 8-10 mm. in diameter, densely 

 many flowered, the lowest bract leaflike, shorter than the in- 

 florescence; flowers pedicellate, about 3 mm. long in fruit, 

 mostly black-brown; perianth-segments lanceolate, acute, the 

 inner slightly shorter than the outer; stamens 3, 2/3 as long 

 as the inner perianth-segments, the anthers half as long as the 

 filaments; capsule oblong, as long as the perianth-segments, 



rather thin ; seeds obovoid, about 0.6 mm. long. Aug.-Sept. 



Moors; Hokkaido, Honshu (n. and centr. distr.). Kuriles 



and N. America. 



20. Juncus yakeishidakensis Satake. Miyama-zehisho. 

 Rhizomes indistinct, the internodes very short; stems tufted, 

 10-20 cm. long, compressed, broadly 2-winged, 1-1.5 mm. 

 wide including the wings, 3-leaved; leaves all cauline, linear 

 or linear-ensiform, 4-10 cm. long, 1-2 mm. wide, acute, pluri- 

 tubulose, the septa not prominent, the auricles large, white, 

 ovate; inflorescence of 4-6 heads, terminal, the lowest bract 

 leaflike, shorter than the inflorescence, the heads 4- to 8-flow- 

 ered; flowers pedicellate, about 4 mm. long when mature; 

 perianth-segments linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, greenish, 

 nearly equal in length, acute and tipped with an awn; 

 stamens 3, 2/3 as long as the outer perianth-segments, the 

 anthers half as long as the filaments; capsules ovoid-conical, 

 brownish, slightly longer than the perianth, thin; seeds ob- 

 ovoid, 0.6 mm. long. Honshu (n. distr.) ; rare. 



21. Juncus alatus Fr. & Sav. Hanabi-zekisho. Rhi- 

 zomes very short; stems tufted, 25^0 cm. long, strongly com- 

 pressed, broadly 2-winged; leaves cauline, few, linear-ensiform, 

 compressed, shorter than the inflorescence, 4-6 mm. long, 

 gradually attenuate to an acute tip, pluritubulose, the septa 

 distinct; inflorescence of rather numerous 4- to 7-flowered 

 heads, terminal, the lowest bract leaflike, much shorter than 

 the inflorescence; flowers 4-5 mm. long when mature, peri- 

 anth-segments equal in length or the inner slightly longer than 

 the outer, lanceolate, cuspidate, greenish; stamens 6, 2/3 as 

 long as the perianth, the andiers much shorter than the fila- 



