Stemonaceae; Liliaceae 279 



1. Stemona japonica Miq. Byakubu. Perennial herb with closely parallel, transverse veinlets between the nerves; 



with short rhizomes and several thickened roots; stems elong- peduncles axillary, 1- to 2-flowered, often partly fused to the 



ate, scandent in upper portion; leaves verticillate in 4's or 3's, petiole; flowers erect, half-open, perianth-segments 4, about 



spreading, pedolate, ovate, long-acuminate, rounded to broadly 12 mm. long, pale green, lanceolate. June. Introduced and 



cuneate at base, slightly undulate on margin, 5-nerved and planted for medicinal purposes. China. 



2. CROOMIA Terr. & Gray Nabewari Zoku 



Rhizomes horizontally creeping; stems erect, declined above, simple, unbranched, surrounded at base by 1 or 2 scales; leaves 

 several, alternate, pedoled, oblong-cordate, several-ribbed, with transverse parallel veinlets between the ribs; peduncles a.xillary, 

 shorter than the leaves, 1- to several-flowered; flowers rather small, the bract small; perianth-segments 4, 2-rankcd, free, spread- 

 ing; stamens with the filament slightly thickened; ovary broad at base, sessile, the ovules several, pendant from the top of the 



locule; capsules beaked, 2-valved; seeds widi a tuft of fleshy setose appendages on the funicle. Three species, the following 



in Japan and one in e. N. America. 



lA. One of the outer perianth-segments larger and broader than the others 1. C. heterosepala 



IB. Perianth-segments nearly equal in size, more or less recurved on margin 2. C. japonica 



1. Croomia heterosepala (Bak.) Okuyama. C. japonica and spreading, obtuse, sparsely and minutely papillose inside; 



var. /)c-/ero/fpa/a Bak.; C/apon?ca sensu auct.Japon.,non Miq. filaments nearly smooth. Apr.-June. Mountain forests; 



Nabewari. Smooth glabrous perennial; stems 30-60 Honshu (s. Kanto Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



cm. long, with several leaves on the upper half; leaves flat, ob- 2. Croomia japonica Miq. C. \iushiana Makino 



long-ovate or ovate, 6-15 cm. long, 3-8 cm. wide, abrupdy Hime-nabewari. Resembling the preceding but larger; 



acute to abruptly short-acuminate, rounded-truncate to shal- flowers 1 to 4 on one peduncle, smaller, the perianth-segments 



lowly cordate at base, 5- to 9-ribbed, the 3 median ribs extend- oblong, narrowly ovate or elliptic, all equal in shape and size, 



ing to the apex, die peduncles decumbent, 2.5-5 cm. long, with recurved on margin, minutely papillose inside; filaments 



a small bract below the middle, the pedicels 5-8 mm. long, papillose; seeds broadly obovoid, 4 mm. long, with promi- 



slighdy thickened upward; flowers yellowish green, pendulous, nent longimdinal grooves. Apr.-June. Honshu (Chiigoku 



one of the 4 perianth-segments larger than die others, 8-10 Distr.), Kyushu, 

 mm. long, the smaller broadly ovate, 5-7 mm. long, both flat 



Fam. 52. LILIACEAE Yimi Ka Lily Family 



Usually perennial herbs, mosdy from bulbs and rhizomes, rarely shrubs or scandent tendril-bearing subshrubs; leaves alter- 

 nate, rarely opposite or verticillate, usually entire; inflorescence 1- to many-flowered, racemose, umbellate, spicate, paniculate, 

 or fasciculate; flowers bisexual, rarely unisexual, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, the perianth-segments (tepals) 6, rarely 4 or 

 many, usually inferior, in 2 whorls, free or connate; stamens usually 6, the anthers usually longitudinally dehiscent; ovary 

 usually superior, 3-locular, sometimes l-locular with 3 parietal placentae, the ovules 1 to many in each locule; endosperm copious. 

 About 230 genera, with about 3,000 species, cosmopolitan. 



1 A. Herbs (in ours) without tendrils; inflorescence various, but not an axillary umbel. 

 2A. Ovary superior or nearly so; tepals free or connate. 



3A. Carpel valves accrescent and persistent after anthesis and enclosing the seeds. 

 4A. Fruit a capsule. 



5A. Plants with rhizomes. 



6A. Capsules scpticidal (loculicidal in Nartheciuni and Melanartheciiim); anthers extrorse or introrse. 

 7A. Tepals persistent or tardily deciduous; stigmas 3-lobed or entire. 

 8A. Anthers linear to ovate, not peltate, the locules distinct; stems scaly. 



9A. Plants saprophytic, without chlorophyll 1. Protolirion 



9B. Plants with chlorophyll. 



lOA. Sugmas 3 or style 3-lobed. 



11 A. Leaves spirally arranged, dorsiventrally flattened. 



12A. I-eaves oblong, with a pcUolelike base; flowers zygomorphic, sessile; perianth partially suppressed. 



2. Chionographis 



12B. Leaves linear, slightly keeled on back; flowers actinomorphic, pedicelled 3. Japonolirion 



IIB. Leaves 2-rankcd, laterally flattened, linear, sessile; flowers actinomorphic 4. Tofieldia 



lOB. Stigma 1, small, on a slender style. 



13A. Leaves 2-ranked, rigid, laterally flattened, linear, sessile; flowers yellow; filaments villous 5. Narthecium 



13B. Leaves spirally arranged, thin, dorsiventrally flattened, broadly linear to oblong. 



HA. Ovary ovoid lo globose; capsules loculicidal 6- Metanarthecium 



HB. Ovary 3-lobed; capsules with inflated valves, scpticidal on inner (upper) side 7. Heloniopsis 



8B. Anthers somewhat extrorse, globose-reniform, finally peltate, with confluent locules; stems usually leafy. 



15A. Leaves cauline; inflorescence pubescent; plant usually stout and robust; tepals not gland-bearing at base. 



8. Veralrum 

 15B. Leaves mostly radical; inflorescence glabrous; plant usually slender; tepals with 1-2 glands near base. 



9. Zigadenus 



