LiLIACEAE 



281 



1. Protolirion sakuraii (Makino) Dandy. Miyoshia 



sa\iiraii Makino; P. niiyoshia-sa\uraii (Makino) Makino 



Sakurai-s6. Low glabrous saprophytic herb, pale brown 

 when dried; stems 7-12 cm. long, rather firm, erect; scalelike 

 leaves rather numerous, membranous, contiguous on lower 

 part and loose on upper part of the stems, broadly ovate to 

 narrowly deltoid, l-nerved, subobtuse, 2-5 mm. long; racemes 



1.5-3 cm. long, several- to more than 10-flowered, loose, the 

 pedicels ascending, 2-3 mm. long, the bracts lanceolate, shorter 

 to slightly longer than the pedicel; flowers 3.5-4 mm. wide, the 

 tube infundibuliform, slighdy shorter than the inner tepals, 

 the outer tepals deltoid-ovate, about half as long as the inner 



ones, the inner about 1.5 mm. long, subobmse. July. 



Woods; Honshu (Mino Prov.) ; very rare. Formosa. 



2. CfflONOGRAPHIS Maxim. 



Shiraito-so Zoku 



Glabrous perennial herbs from short stout rhizomes; leaves radical, oblong, entire or the margin minutely undulate; scapes 

 erect, simple, with a few ascending small linear leaves; flowers in a dense to loose terminal spike, bisexual, zygomorphic, sessile, 

 small, the tepals 6, the upper 3 or 4 linear to filiform, the lower 2 or 3 very short or suppressed; stamens 6, the filaments short, 

 inserted at the base of the tepals, the anthers small, subglobose; ovary globose, the ovules 2 in each carpel; styles 3, stigmatic 

 on inner side; seeds fusiform. Several species, in Japan, s. Korea, and s. China. 



lA. Upper tepals linear, slightly broadened above, 0.5-0.7 mm. wide, white; lower tepals small, nearly as long as the stamens; anther 

 locules 2, distinct; spike usually densely flowered 1. C. japonica 



IB. Upper tepals filiform, not broadened above, 0.2-0.4 mm. wide, usually greenish white, sometimes with a purple hue; lower tepals 

 completely suppressed; anther locules 2, confluent; spikes usually loosely flowered 2. C. l(_oiiizumiana 



1. Chionographis japonica Maxim. Melanthium lu- 

 teum Thunb., excl. syn.; Chionographis lutea (Thunb.) Baill. 



Shiraito-so. Radical leaves several, narrowly obovate- 



oblong or oblong, long- or short-petioled, 3-8 cm. long, 1.5-3 

 cm. wide, obtuse to subacute, the margins slightly undulate; 

 scapes 15-45 cm. long, die cauline leaves linear-lanceolate to 

 linear, green, sessile, ascending to subappressed; inflorescence 

 elongaung after anthesis, 4-20 cm. long, rather densely many- 

 flowered, the flowers white, the upper 3^ tepals 7-12 mm. 

 long, obtuse, spreading; capsules oblong, erect, 3-3.5 mm. long, 

 the seeds lanceolate, 2 in each carpel, with a short tail at one 



end, about 3 mm. long. May-June. Honshu (Kanto 



Distr., Echigo Prov. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. s. 



Korea. 



Var. hisauchiana Okuyama. Azuma-shiraito-so. A 



smaller phase with shorter tepals about 3-5 mm. long. 



Honshu (Kanto Distr.). 



2. Chionographis koidzumiana Ohwi. C. sparsa F. 

 Maekawa; C. \oidzumiana var. mi\awana Ohwi & Okuyama 



Chabo-shiraito-so. Glabrous green perennial herb from 



short sparingly fibrillose rhizomes; radical leaves long-petioled, 

 ovate-oblong to ovate, sometimes broadly ovate, subacute to 

 rather obtuse, broadly cuneate to rounded at base, 15-60 mm. 

 long, 10-25 mm. wide, the margin undulate; scapes 10-30 cm. 

 long, slender, simple, erect, the cauline leaves 1-3 cm. long, 

 green, lanceolate, subobtuse, sessile, ascending to appressed; 

 inflorescence elongaung after anthesis, very slender, the flowers 

 relatively numerous, the upper tepals filiform, scarcely dilated 

 above, about 10 mm. long, pale greenish, the lower ones sup- 

 pressed; stamens 6, the 3 outer slighdy longer than the inner. 



Moist places along streams in mountains; Honshu (Mi- 



kawa and Kii Prov.), Shikoku, Kyushu (Yakushima) ; rare. 



3. JAPONOLIRION Nakai Oze-so Zoku 



Rhizomes short-creeping, scaly; leaves radical, tufted, linear, scabrous on margin; scapes arising from the axils of radical 

 leaves, erect, terete, loosely scaled, simple, the racemes solitary; flowers small, regular, greenish, short-pedicelled; bracteoles 

 absent, the tepals 6, membranous, broadly lanceolate, obtuse, l-nerved without a gland or depressed pit; stamens 6, the filaments 

 subulate, the anthers ovate, 2-locular, basifixed, introrse, the locules parallel, distinct; ovary superior, the carpels 3, connate ex- 

 cept at the apex; styles 3, short, recurved, stigmatic on the inner surface; capsules septicidally dehiscent. Monotypic. 



1. Japonolirion osense Nakai. /. saitoi Makino & 



Tatew.; /. osense var. saitoi (Makino & Tatew.) Ohwi 



OzE-s6. Fig. 2 Glabrous green perennial; rhizomes about 2 

 mm. in diameter, with obtuse membranous, many-nerved scales 

 4-6 mm. long; radical leaves sometimes longer than the scape, 

 glabrous, linear, 5-15 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, acuminate to 

 gradually so, somewhat narrowed at base, the margin scabrous, 

 with few parallel nerves; scapes 10-30 cm. long, the scales 



membranous, lanceolate, l-nerved, subobtuse; inflorescence 

 dense, racemose, simple, erect, several- to relatively many- 

 flowered, the bracts similar to the scales, the pedicels 2-A mm. 

 long, ascending; tepals 2-2.5 mm. long, ascending to spread- 

 ing, persistent; capsules oblong-ovate, about 3 mm. long. 



July-Aug. Alpine meadows; Hokkaido, Honshu (Mount 

 Shibutsu and Mount Tanigawa in Kotsuke) ; rare. 



4. TOFIELDIA Huds. Chishima-zekisho Zoku 



Green glabrous perennials from short creeping rhizomes; leaves mostiy radical, 2-ranked, laterally flattened, linear; scapes 

 slender, few-leaved or naked; racemes sometimes spikelike, the flowers small, on short pedicels, in axils of bracts, solitary or in 

 3's, bracteolate; tepals 6, persistent, linear-oblong to oblanceolate, white, greenish, or brownish red; stamens 6, the filaments 

 hnear-subulate, the anthers ovate, introrse, 2-locular; ovary superior, sessile, ovoid, 3-lobed at apex, die ovules numerous; styles 

 short, the stigma introrse; capsules septicidal, 3-locular, the seeds small, narrowly oblong, caudate at one end or without ap- 

 pendage. About 20 species, in the temperate and northern regions of the N. Hemisphere. 



