LiLIACEAE 



285 



1. Veratrum stamineum Maxim. Ko-baikei-s6. Plants 

 rather stout, erect, simple, 50-100 cm. high; leaves alternate, 

 broadly elliptic, tlie upper oblong to narrowly so, 10-20 cm. 

 long, (2-)5-15 cm. wide, glabrous on both sides or nearly so, 

 sheathed at base; inflorescence 15-25 cm. long, with short 

 papillose hairs, the several branches rather stout, ascending, 

 the ultimate bracts broadly lanceolate, 3-6 mm. long, the pedi- 

 cels obliquely spreading, 7-12 mm. long; tepals white, spread- 

 ing or more or less erect, oblong, 4-7.5 mm. long; stamens 

 slighdy longer than the tepals; capsules erect, narrowly ovate, 



about 2 cm. long, tapered above. July-Sept. Wet meadows 



or bogs in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (n. and centr. 

 distr.). 



Var. lasiophyllum Nakai. Urage-ko-baikei. Leaves pi- 

 lose beneath, especially on the nerves. Occurs with the typical 

 phase. 



Var. micranthum Satake. Mikawa-baikei-s6. Leaves 



with papillose hairs beneath; inflorescence rather large, loosely 



flowered; tepals distinctly shorter than the stamens. May. 



Honshu (Mikawa Prov.). 



2. Veratrum oxysepalum Turcz. V. album var. oxy- 

 sepaltim (Turcz.) Miyabe & Kudo; V. album subsp. oxyse- 

 palum (Turcz.) Hult. Ezo-baikei-s6. Plants stout, erect, 



50-150 cm. high, leafy, papillose-hairy above; leaves elliptic, 

 acute to obmse, 15-30 cm. long, 5-13 cm. wide, usually glabres- 

 cent; panicles 25-40 cm. long, the ultimate bracts 6-10 mm. 

 long, ovate, the pedicels 1-2 (-3) mm. long; flowers 8-12 (-15) 

 mm. in diameter, the tepals oblong-lanceolate, subacute, 8-12 

 mm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, denticulate, green; capsules ovate, 

 narrowed above. June-Aug. Bogs; Hokkaido. Kam- 

 chatka, Ussuri, Dahuria, and Sakhalin. 



3. Veratrum grandiflorum (Maxim.) Loes. f. V. album 

 var. grandiflorum Maxim.; V. patulum sensu Ohwi, non 

 Loes.; V. sik^o\ianum Nakai- — — Baikei-so. Plants stout, 1- 

 1.5 m. high, papillose hairy above; leaves radier many, broadly 

 elliptic to narrowly oblong, 20-30 cm. long, 7-20 cm. wide, 

 the upper ones narrowed, the lower surface more or less papil- 

 lose hairy, especially on the nerves, longitudinally plaited; pani- 

 cles 20-50 cm. long, the branches suberect to ascending, loosely 

 flowered, the ultimate bracts ovate to oblong, acute to obtuse, 

 3-10 mm. long, the pedicels 1-8 mm. long; flowers 15-25 mm. 

 across, greenish white, the tepals spreading, oblong, obtuse to 

 rounded, denticulate, about twice as long as the stamens; 

 capsules narrowly ovate-oblong, narrowed at both ends espe- 

 cially above, 2-2.5 cm. long. June-Aug. Wet places and 



bogs in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. 



4. Veratrum longebracteatum Takeda. Takane-ao- 

 yagi-so. Plants 20-60 cm. high, papillose hairy above; 

 leaves few, the radical and lower cauline broadly lanceolate to 

 narrowly oblong, glabrous, acuminate, 15-20 cm. long, 2-4 cm. 

 wide, gradually narrowed below, the upper ones linear; flow- 

 ers green, rarely brown-purple, 12-15 mm. in diameter, the 

 pedicels 5-12 mm. long, the ultimate bracts lanceolate, acumi- 

 nate, about twice as long as the pedicels, the tepals narrowly 

 oblong, ascending in fruit; capsules elliptic, about 12 mm. 



long. July-Aug. Alpine slopes; Honshu (n. and centr. 



distr.). 



5. Veratrum maackii Kegel var. maackii. V. nigrum 



var. maacl{ii (Kegel) Maxim.; Zigadenus japonicus Miq. 



Nagaba-shuro-s6, Hosoba-shuro-s6. Resembling var. japon- 

 icum, the lower leaves broadly linear, 20-40 cm. long, 1-1.5 

 (-2) cm. wide; capsules narrowly obovate-oblong, to 20 mm. 



long. July-Sept. Woods in mountains; Honshu (centr. 



distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Ussuri, Manchuria, 



and Korea. 



Var. parviflorum (Miq.) Hara & Mizushima. Veratrum 

 album var. parviflorum Miq.; V. maacki var. maximowiczii 



Nakai; V. angustisepalum Loes. f. Ao-yagi-s6. Plants 



50-100 cm. high, few-leaved; lower leaves oblong to ovate- 

 oblong, 20-30 cm. long, 6-10 cm. wide, ascending, acute, nar- 

 rowed at base, the upper linear; panicles 30-50 cm. long, the 

 lower branches ascending, rather slender, the bracts of the 

 main axis shorter than the branches, die ultimate bracts 

 broadly lanceolate, obtuse, 2-5 mm. long, papillose-hairy; 

 flowers rather loosely arranged, green, 8-10 mm. wide, the 

 pedicels 6-10 mm. long, papillose-hairy; tepals spreading to 

 slightly reflexed, broadly oblanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 

 subacute, more than twice as long as the stamens; capsules 



elliptic, the spreading to subreflexed tepals adnate at base. 



June-Aug. Woods in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (n. and 

 centr. distr.). Korea. 



Var. japonicum (Baker) Shimizu. V. nigrum var. japon- 

 icum Baker; V. nigrum var. reymondianum Loes. f.; V. ma- 



ackji var. reymondianum (Loes. f.) Hara Shuro-s6. 



Leaves radical and lower cauline, glabrous, narrowly oblong to 

 linear-lanceolate, 20-35 mm. wide, gradually tapered toward 

 the base; inflorescence 15-30 cm. long, branched, slender, the 

 bracts shorter than the branches; flowers loosely arranged, 

 brown-purple, about 10 mm. across, the pedicels 8-12 mm. 

 long; tepals broadly lanceolate, subobtuse, about twice as long 

 as the stamens; capsules elliptic, 12-15 mm. long. July- 

 Sept. Woods in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu. 



9. ZIGADENUS Michx. Rishiri-s6 Zoku 



Rhizomes horizontal, or the plants bulbous; scapes erect, simple; leaves radical or nearly so, linear; inflorescence racemose, 

 often branching and subpaniculate; flowers bise.xual or polygamous, the tepals 6, persistent, in 2 whorls, obliquely spreading, 

 with 2 distinct or connate glands near base; stamens 6, inserted at base and slightly shorter than the tepals, the filaments filiform, 

 the anthers small, suborbicular, the locules confluent; styles 3; ovules many; capsules ovate or oblong, 3-lobed, septicidal, the 

 seeds oblong or sublanceolate. About 10 species, mainly in N. America, 1 species in Asia. 



1. Zigadenus sibiricus (L.) A. Gray. Melanthium si- 

 biricitm L.; 2. japonicus Makino, non Miq.; Anticlea japonica 

 (Makino) Gates; A. makjnoana (Miyabe & Kudo) Tatew. 



& Ohwi RisHURi-so. Bulbs slender; scapes 12-25 cm. 



long; leaves few, radical, linear, 10-20 cm. long, 4-10 mm. 

 wide, subacute to obtuse, tapered below, the cauline 0-2, short; 

 racemes simple or with 1 or 2 short branches, loosely few- 

 flowered, 3-12 cm. long, the bracts narrowly lanceolate to 



broadly ovate, 3-25 mm. long; flowers about 10 mm. in di- 

 ameter, pale yellowish green or purplish outside, the tepals 

 ascending, spreading at anthesis, erect in fruit, 7-8 mm. long, 

 2.5-4 mm. wide, oblong or narrowly rhombic-ovate, obtuse, 



the glands obcordate; capsules conical, narrowed above. 



Aug. Alpine zone; Hokkaido (Kishiri Isl.). Northern 



Asia. 



