286 LiLIACEAE 



10. TRICYRTIS Wall. Hototogisu Zoku 



Rhizomes short-creeping; stems erect, sometimes branched, often reclinate above; leaves alternate, sessile, all cauline, oblong 

 to ovate, sometimes clasping or perfoliate; flowers solitary or in axillary and terminal cymes or in fascicles, bisexual, showy, 

 rather large, infundibuhform; pedicels sometimes small-bracteate; tepal 6, 2-seriate, free to base, early deciduous, recurved 

 above, the outer ones saccate or short-spurred; stamens 6, the filaments slighdy flattened, the anthers oblong, extrorse; ovary 

 oblong, 3-angled, 3-locular; style columnar, stigmas 3, spreading, bifid, tuberculate on the inner side, the ovules numerous; cap- 

 sules narrowly oblong, or linear-trigonous, septicidal; seeds ovate or orbicular, flat. More than 10 species, in e. Asia to India. 



lA. Outer tepals short-spurred; flowers nodding; stems declined; leaves clasping. 

 2A. Flowers fasciculate or solitary in upper leaf-axils. 



3A. Leaves shallowly cordate at base, auriculate on one side 1. T. tnacrantha 



3B. Leaves deeply cordate at base, auriculate on both sides 2.T. macranthopsis 



2B. Flowers in a terminal corymb; auricles at base of leaves on each side of the stem 3. T. ishiiana 



IB. Outer tepals saccate; flowers erect. 

 4A. Tepal ground-color yellow. 



5A. Flowers fasciculate or solitary in leaf-axils. 

 6A. Leaves merely clasping. 



7A. Pedicels distinct, nearly equaling to longer than the capsules and flowers. 



8A. Tepals narrowly obovate, scarcely spotted, rounded, the mucro reflexed, 1.5-2 mm. long; anthers about 4 mm. long. 



4. T. ohstimiensis 

 8B. Tepals oblong-spathulate, tlie outer ones acute, with an erect or slightly recurved mucro 3-4 mm. long, the inner tepals 



obtuse to subretuse, the mucro scarcely 1 mm. long; anthers 2.5—3 mm. long 5. T. flava 



7B. Pedicels very short, much shorter than the flowers and capsules; tepals oblong-spathulate, the outer ones acute, with a short, 

 erect to ascending mucro 1.5—2 mm. long, the inner ones obtuse, the mucro ascending to spreading, about 0.5 mm. long; 



anthers about 2 mm. long; stems very short 6. T. nana 



6B. Leaves perfoliate, broadly lanceolate to ovate-oblong, long-acuminate at apex 7. T. perfoliata 



5B. Flowers distinctly cymose, few; cymes peduncled 8. T. latifolia 



4B. Tepal ground-color white. 



9A. Tepals spreading-recurved from near the base, about 2 cm. long. 



lOA. Flowers in terminal or axillary, 1- or 2-flowered pedunculate cymes; stems hispid-hirsute to glabrous; pedicels densely pilose 



with rather soft curved short hairs sometimes gland-tipped at apex 9. T. macropoda 



lOB. Flowers in axillary and terminal fascicles or solitary; common peduncles usually not developed; stems setose to glabrous; 



pedicels densely hispidulous with short spreading hairs 10. T. affinis 



9B. Tepals ascending, short-spreading toward apex, 2.5-3 cm. long; flowers solitary or fascicled; stems hirsute 11. T. hirta 



1. Tricyrtis macrantha Maxim. Brachycyrtis tnacrantha Leaves pubescent on costas and nerves beneath; bracts short; 



(Maxim.) Koidz. Joro-hototogisu, Tosa-joro-hototogisu. spur small, 1-1.5 mm. wide; anthers dark brown. ^Moun- 



Closely resembles 2 and 3 but the stems usually smaller, with tains; Honshu (Mount Tenshigatake in Suruga Prov.) ; rare. 

 pale brown coarse ascending hairs; leaves ovate-oblong to nar- 4. Tricyrtis ohsumiensis Masam. Takakuma-hototo- 



rowly ovate, gradually acuminate, rounded to shallowly cor- gisu. Stems 20-50 cm. long, nearly glabrous; lower leaves 



date at base, the basal auricles turned on one side of stem. oblong-lanceolate, acute, the upper elliptic to oblong, clasping, 



July-Aug. Shikoku; rare. abruptly acute, 5-20 cm. long, 2-6 cm. wide, glabrous; flowers 



2. Tricyrtis macranthopsis Masam. Brachycyrtis mac- axillary and terminal, one or 2, yellow, nearly spotless, 2.5-3.5 

 ranthopsis (Masam.) Honda; T. macrantha var. macranthopsis cm. long, the pedicels slightly shorter to longer than the flow- 



(Masam.) Okuyama & T. Koyama Kii-j6r6-hototogisu. ers, the tepals narrowly obovate or obovate-oblong, about 1 cm. 



Rliizomes short; stems 40-80 cm. long, reclined above; leaves wide, the inner segments slightly narrower. Sept.-Oct. 



distichous, narrowly oblong-ovate, 7-17 cm. long, 2.5-5 cm. Kyushu (Osumi Prov.). 



wide, lustrous above, glabrous, gradually acuminate, cordate 5. Tricyrtis flava Maxim. T. yatabeana Masam. 



and clasping with 2 basal auricles or the lower edges placed on Kibana-no-hototogisu. Stems 30-50 cm. long, pilose, pur- 

 each side of the stems, pale green beneath and subglabrous to plish; leaves rather densely arranged, oblanceolate to broadly 

 sparsely hirsute on the nerves; flowers axillary and terminal, elliptic, 7-15 cm. long, acuminate, sometimes spotted above; 

 soHtary to few, pendulous, 3-4 cm. long, tubular-campanulate, flowers I or 2, axillary and terminal, about 2.5 cm. long, with 

 glabrous; tepals oblanceolate, clear yellow, with brownish dark purple spots inside, the tepals narrowly oblong-obovate to 



purple dots inside, the outer ones with a short spur at base, oblong-spathulate, the outer segments long-mucronate. 



short-mucronate. Aug.-Oct. Mountains; Honshu (Kii Sept.-Oct. Woods in mountains; Honshu (s. Kinki Distr.), 



Prov.) ; rare. Occasionally planted in gardens. Shikoku, Kyushu. 



3. Tricyrtis ishiiana (Kitag. & T. Koyama) Ohwi & 6. Tricyrtis nana Yatabe. T. flava var. nana (Yatabe) 



Okuyama. T. tnacrantha var. ishiiana Kitag. & T. Koyama. Makino; T. flava sensu Masam., non Maxim. Chabo- 



Sagami-joro-hototogisu. Closely resembles the preced- hototogisu. Stems 5-15 cm. long, short-pubescent, few- 



ing; stems 20-50 cm. long; leaves oblong-ovate to lanceolate, leaved; leaves acuminate, 6-12 cm. long, 1.5-4 cm. wide; flow- 



4.5-10 cm. long, nearly glabrous, the basal edges clasping the ers 1 or 2, axillary and terminal, yellow, with brown-purple 



stem; flowers 3-5 in a terminal corymb, bracts ovate, up to 8 spots, the tepals oblanceolate, about 2 cm. long, acute. 



nun. long, the spur of the outer tepals much broader, 5-6 mm. Aug.-Sept. Woods in mountains; Honshu (s. Kinki Distr.), 



wide. Honshu (Sagami Prov.) ; rare. Shikoku, Kyushu. 



Var. surugensis Yamazaki. Suruga-joro-hototogisu. 7. Tricyrtis perfoliata Masam. Kibana-no-tsuki-nuki- 



