LiLIACEAE 



295 



1. Allium victoriaUs L. var. platyphyUum (Hult.) 

 Makino. A. victorialis sensu auct. Japon., non L.; A. victori- 



alis subsp. platyphyUum Hult.; A. latissimum Prokhan. 



GvojA-NiNNiKu. Plants with strong onion odor; bulbs 

 lanceolate, 4-7 cm. long, the outer coat consisting of netted 

 fibers, brown-yellow; leaves 2-3, oblong to broadly oblanceo- 

 late, 20-30 cm. long, 3-10 cm. wide, subobtuse to subacute, 

 entire, narrowed to the petiolelike base below, slightly glau- 

 cous, somewhat fleshy, the midrib slightly raised beneath; 

 scape 40-70 cm. long, the spathe ovoid, enveloping the lower 

 portion, 2-parted in anthesis; flowers white or creamy-white, 

 the pedicels 1.5-3 cm. long, the tepals ascending, oblong, 5-6 

 mm. long, obtuse; stamens and style longer than the tepals, 



the anthers yellow-green. June-July. Moist woods in high 



mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. distr. and Ya- 



mato Prov.). Sakhalin, Kuriles, Kamchatka, Korea, China, 



and e. Siberia. The typical phase occurs from Siberia to Eu- 

 rope and India; also in N. America. 



2. Allium monanthum Maxim. Hime-nira, HrME-BiRu, 

 HiME-AMAN.^. Small delicate plant with slight odor; bulbs 

 broadly ovoid, 6-10 mm. long, the outer coat transversely un- 

 dulate, firmly membranous; leaves 1-2, nearly radical, linear, 

 10-20 cm. long, 3-8 mm. wide, lunate in cross section, soft, 

 narrowed at both ends, subobtuse, 9- to 13-nerved, smooth, the 

 midrib obscure; scapes 5-12 cm. long, delicate, the spathe 

 thinly membranous, ovoid, 6-7 mm. long, entire; flowers 

 solitary, rarely 2, white to pinkish, 4-5 mm. long, campanulate, 

 the pedicels rather short, the tepals oblong to narrowly ovate, 

 subobtuse; st)'le short, 3-lobed nearly to the middle; capsules 



globose. Apr. Woods and thickets in hills and the lower 



mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku. — ■ — Korea, Man- 

 churia, and Ussuri. 



3. Allium tuberosum Rottl. A. odorum sensu auct. 



Japon., non L.; A. yezoense Nakai Nira. Plants with 



strong odor; bulbs tufted, attached to short rhizomes, the 

 outer fibrous bulb coat yellowish; leaves few, linear, 20-30 

 cm. long, 3-4 mm. wide, flat, soft, obtuse; scapes 30-50 cm. 

 long, die spathe acute; flowers white, spreading, the pedicels 

 slender, 1.5-3.5 cm. long, the tepals 5-6 mm. long, narrowly 

 oblong, acute; stamens slightly shorter than the tepals, the 

 anthers yellow, the filaments broadened below, entire; style 

 not exserted. June-Sept. Naturalized and said to be spon- 

 taneous in Honshu and Kyushu; widely cultivated as a vege- 

 table. China and India. 



4. Allium togasii Hara. Kankakei-nira. Bulbs ob- 

 long, on short rhizomes, the outer fibrous coat brownish and 

 finely netted; leaves 3-4, narrowly hnear, 12-20 cm. long, 

 1.2-2 mm. wide, flattened, fleshy, weakly 3-ribbed beneath, 

 green; scapes terete, 12-25 cm. long; flowers white, the pedi- 

 cels filiform, 6-12 mm. long, the tepals of the inner whorl 

 about 4 mm. long; stamens about 6 mm. long, exserted, the 

 filaments of the inner whorl abrupriy dilated and often 

 obsoletely toothed at base; capsules globose, 4-4.5 mm. long. 



July. Sliikoku (Kankakei, Azuki Isl. in Sanuki Prov.); 



very rare. 



5. Allium grayi Kegel. A. nipponicum Fr. & Sav. 



No-BiRu. Plants odoriferous; bulbs subglobose, white, about 

 15 mm. in diameter, the outer coat thinly membranous, entire; 

 leaves few, nearly 3-angled in cross section, shorter than the 

 scape, shallowly grooved on upper side, 2-3 nun. wide, 

 smooth; scapes erect, rather firm, terete, 40-60 cm. long, the 

 spathe long beaked at apex; inflorescence pale pinkish, 4-6 



mm. long, the flowers usually partially or almost wholly re- 

 placed by sessile bulbils, tlie pedicels slender, about 15 mm. 

 long, the tepals narrowly ovate-oblong, subobtuse, the midrib 

 tinged red-purple on back; filaments exserted, not toothed; 



style elongate. May-June. Lowland meadows to mountain 



foothills; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus. 



6. Allium splendens Willd. A. lineare sensu auct. 



Japon., non Schrad. Miyama-rakkyo. Bulbs few or 



solitary, lanceolate, die outer coat thick, netted-fibrous; leaves 

 3-4, linear, 3-5 mm. wide, fiat, shorter than the scapes, the 

 margin more or less uneven; scapes 15-40 cm. long; flowers 

 rose-purple, about 4 mm. long, the pedicels 4-7 mm. long, the 

 tepals narrowly ovate to ovate-oblong, obtuse, the midrib 

 slighdy deeper colored on back; filaments about equal to or 

 slightly longer than the tepals, the inner ones with a deltoid 



to ovate tooth on each side at base. July-Aug. Alpine 



meadows; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. distr.). Kuriles, 



Kamchatka, Sakhalin, n. Korea, and e. Siberia. 



7. Allium thunbergii G. Don. A. odorum sensu 

 Thunb., non L.; A. japonicum Kegel; A. chinense sensu auct. 



Japon., non Don; A. pseudojaponicum Makino Yama- 



RAKKYO. Bulbs few or solitary, narrowly ovoid, the outer 

 coat slightly thickened, brown-tinged, entire or slightly netted- 

 fibrous; leaves usually slightly shorter than the scape, obtusely 

 trigonous, 2-5 mm. wide; scapes 30-60 cm. high, the spathe 

 abruptly acute, broadly ovoid; flowers rose-purple, numerous, 

 the pedicels 1-1.5 cm. long, the tepals 4-5 mm. long, elliptic, 

 rounded at apex, the inner segments slightly longer than the 

 outer; filaments much-exserted, broadened at base, the teeth 



obsolete. Sept.-Nov. Low mountains; Honshu (Iwaki 



Prov., Kanto Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. s. Ko- 

 rea. 



8. Allium chinense G. Don. A. ba\en Kegel; A. 

 splendens sensu Miq., non Willd. Rakkyo. Bulbs nar- 

 rowly ovoid, the outer coat whitish; leaves evergreen, linear, 

 flat, rounded on back, soft; scapes 30-40 cm. long; flowers 

 rose-purple, campanulate, the pedicels 15-30 mm. long, slightly 

 arcuate, the tepals broadly ovate-elliptic, rounded at apex, 

 about 5 nam. long, the inner segments slightiy longer; fila- 

 ments much-e.\serted, the inner 3 with a lanceolate tooth on 



each side at base; style long-exserted. Sept.-Nov. Chinese 



species much cultivated for the bulbs and sometimes estab- 

 lished around cultivated fields. 



9. Allium virgunculae F. Maekawa & Kitam. Ito-rak- 

 KYo. Bulbs gregarious, narrowly oblong, 5-7 mm. in di- 

 ameter, about 2 cm. long, the outer coat membranous, pale 

 rose; leaves 3-5, spreading, linear, dark green, densely white- 

 puncticulate, 10-20 cm. long, 1 mm. wide, solid; scapes erect, 

 8-22 cm. long, slender, about 0.8 mm. in diameter, terete, 

 striate; spathe whitish, membranous, broadly ovoid, about 5 

 mm. long, acuminate; flowers 2-12, rose, about 5.5 mm. long, 

 the pedicels 12-15 mm. long; tepals broadly ovate, 3-4 mm. 

 wide, obtuse; filaments about 6 mm. long, the inner ones with 

 an acute tooth on each side at base; style long-exserted; cap- 

 sules about 4 mm. long, 5 mm. wide. Kyushu (Hirato Isl. 



in Hizen). 



10. Allium schoenoprasum L. A. sibiricum L.; A. 



schoenoprasum var. sibiricum (L.) Kegel Ezo-negi. Bulbs 



narrowly ovoid, the outer coat radier firm, gray-brown, entire 

 or nearly so, obscurely striate with fine longitudinal cells; 

 leaves 2-3, shorter than the scape, terete, hollow, slender; 

 scapes 40-50 cm. long, often purplish below, terete; spathe 



