298 



LiLIACEAE 



broadly lanceolate, 8-10 cm. long, the nectary gland glabrous 

 on margin; style elongate, curved upward; capsules oblong or 

 ovate-oblong, with 3 broad grooves and 6 shortly winged 

 angles. Aug. Shikoku, Kyushu; rare. Frequendy culti- 

 vated. 



8. Lilium auratum Lindl. L. dexteri Hovey Yama- 



YURi. Bulbs depressed-globose, 6-10 cm. in diameter; stems 

 1-1.5 m. long, slighdy purple-tinged, smooth, glabrous; leaves 

 short-petioled, spreading, broadly to narrowly lanceolate, 10- 

 15 cm. long, 1.5-3.5 cm. wide; flowers usually few, sometimes 

 up to 20, broadly infundibuliform, nodding or at right angles, 

 on stout often bracteate pedicels, white with dark red spots, 

 strongly fragrant, the tepals obliquely spreading, broadly 

 lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 10-18 cm. long, recurved above, 

 the inner segments broader, yellowish and glabrous on margin 

 along the nectary groove; style elongate, curved upward at 



tip; capsules oblong, 5-8 cm. long. July-Aug. Hills and 



mountains; Honshu. Naturalized in Hokkaido. 



Var. platyphyllum Bak. L. auratum var. hamaoanum 



Makino; L. platyphyllum (Bak.) Makino Saku-yuri. 



Taller and stouter than the typical phase; leaves 3.5-6 cm. 

 wide; flowers larger, more numerous, the tepals broader, with 



fewer yellowish spots to nearly spotless. Honshu (Izu 



Isls.). Said to grow with the typical phase on the Izu Penin- 

 sula. 



9. Lilium medeoloides A. Gray. L. avenaceum Fisch. 

 ex Maxim.; L. maculatum. Bak. non Thunb.; L. sadoinsulare 

 Masam. & Satomi; L. medeoloides var. sadoinsulare (Masam. 



& Satomi) Masam. & Satomi Kuruma-yuri. Bulbs 2- 



2.5 cm. in diameter, the scales jointed toward the middle and 

 base; stems smooth, 30-70 cm. long, terete; leaves mostly ap- 

 proximate below the middle of stem, verticillate, lanceolate to 

 oblanceolate or narrowly ovate, 5-12 cm. long, 3-5 cm. wide, 

 upper leaves alternate, small, few; flowers 1-5, orange-red, 

 foetid, rather small, the pedicels bracteate, erect, the tepals 

 much-recurved from near base, lanceolate, 3-4.5 cm. long, 

 with few to rather numerous dark spots, the nectary glands 

 glabrous or with short-hairs on margin near base; capsules 

 obovate. July-Aug. Damp woods and meadows, some- 

 times ascending to alpine regions; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. 



and n. distr.). Kuriles, Kamchatka, Sakhalin, s. Korea, and 



China. 



10. Lilium hansonii Leichtl. L. maculatum Hook, f., 



non Thunb.; L. medeoloides var. obovata Fr. & Sav. Take- 



SHiMA-YURi. Bulbs 3.5-7 cm. in diameter, the scales imbri- 



cate, narrowly ovate, inarticulate, acute on margin; stems 

 1-1.5 m. long; leaves verticillate, oblanceolate to narrowly ob- 

 long, 10-18 cm. long, 2-4 cm. wide; flowers 4-12, yellow, 

 fragrant, nodding to horizontal, the tepals very thick, spread- 

 ing, gendy recurved, broadly lanceolate to oblanceolate, 3-4 

 cm. long, with glabrous nectary glands; capsules subglobose, 



2.5-3.5 cm. long and as much in diameter. June-July. 



Said to be spontaneous in Hokkaido.- — —Korea and Ussuri. 



11. Lilium longiflorum Thunb. Teppo-yuri. Bulbs 

 depressed-globose, 5-6 cm. in diameter; stems 30-100 cm. 

 long, smooth; leaves sessile, narrowly lanceolate, 10-18 cm. 

 long, 5-15 mm. wide; flowers few, sometimes solitary, white, 

 the midrib and marginal zone often with a purple hue, fra- 

 grant, tubular-infundibuliform, the tepals oblanceolate, un- 

 spotted, 13-18 cm. long, with slightly recurved tip, the nectary 

 glands glabrous; styles elongate, slightly curved upward at 



tip; capsules oblong. ^May-June. Kyushu (Yakushima and 



Tanegashima) . Ryukyus. 



12. Lilium rubellum Bak. L. japonicum var. rubellum 

 (Bak.) Makino Hime-sa-yuri. Bulbs 2.5-3 cm. in di- 

 ameter, ovoid-globose; stems 30-80 cm. long, smooth, naked 

 below; leaves broadly lanceolate to narrowly oblong, 5-10 cm. 

 long, 3-3.5 cm. wide, abruptly narrowed at both ends, short- 

 petioled, smoodi; flowers 1-3 (-6), fragrant, rose-colored, in- 

 fundibuliform, the tepals oblanceolate, 5-7 cm. long, un- 

 spotted, with glabrous nectary glands, recurved slightly near 



the summit; style elongate, curved slightly upward at tip. 



June-Aug. Low mountains, sometimes also on alpine slopes; 

 Honshu (Japan Sea side of centr. and n. distr.). 



13. Lilium japonicum Thunb. L. \rameri Teutschell; 

 L. belladonna Leichtl.; L. japonicum var. angustifolium Ma- 

 kino; L. makinoi Koidz.; L. abeanum Honda; L. japonicum 



var. abeanum (Honda) Kitam. Sasa-yuri. Bulbs broadly 



ovoid, 2-4 cm. in diameter, the scales ovate; stems rather slen- 

 der, 50-100 cm. long, glabrous, slightly glaucous; leaves 

 broadly lanceolate to narrowly oblong, 5-10 cm. long, 3-3.5 

 cm. wide, abruptly narrowed at each end, short-petioled, 

 smooth; flowers l-3(-5), fragrant, rose-colored, infundibuli- 

 form, nodding or horizontal, the tepals broadly oblanceolate, 

 12-15 cm. long, the inner segments broader, the outer nar- 

 rowed above, the nectary gland greenish, glabrous; style 

 elongate, slightly curved above; capsules obovoid, about 4 cm. 

 long. July-Aug. Thickets in hills and low mountains; 

 Honshu (centr. distr. and westw.) , Shikoku, Kyushu. 



20. ERYTHRONIUM L. 



Katakuri Zoku 



Perennial bulbous herbs; scapes single, simple, 2-leaved on lower half; leaves petiolate, flat, ovate to broadly lanceolate; 

 flowers nodding, solitary or several on slender peduncles, relatively large, the tepals 6, free, in 2 series, lanceolate, 3- to 5- 

 nerved, recurved above; stamens 6, shorter than the tepals, the filaments subulate, slightly flattened at base, often unequal in 

 length, the anthers oblong to linear; ovary sessile, 3-locular, the ovules many; style filiform or slightly broadened above, 



shordy 3-lobed; capsules membranous to coriaceous, 3-angled, globose to elliptic. About 15 species, in the temperate regions 



of the N. Hemisphere, most abundant in w. N. America. 



1. Erythronium japonicum Decne. E. dens-canis var. 



japonicum Bak. ^Katakuri. Bulbs cylindric-lanceolate, 



5-6 cm. long, about 1 cm. in diameter, with two bulblets sub- 

 tending at the base; scapes 20-30 cm. long, with a pair of 

 leaves below the middle; leaves petiolate, narrowly ovate or 

 oblong, 6-12 cm. long, 2.5-5 cm. wide, obtuse, mucronate or 

 acute, entire; flowers solitary, terminal, nodding, long-pedun- 



culate, rose-purple, the tepals lanceolate, 5-6 cm. long, 5-10 

 mm. wide, with a 3-lobed dark purple spot at base; stamens 

 slightly unequal, the anthers broadly linear, 6-8 mm. long; 



capsules suborbicular, 3-angled; stigma short, 3-lobed. Apr. 



Woods in lowlands and low mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, 

 Shikoku (rare) ; commoner northward. ^Korea. 



