LiLIACEAE 



299 



21. TULIPA L. 



Amana Zoku 



Bulbous perennial herbs; scapes few-leaved; leaves oblong to linear, radical or lower cauline; flowers erect, the tepals 6, 

 deciduous, free, eglandular, blotched inside near base; filaments filiform or subulate, shorter than the perianth, die anthers 

 linear-oblong; ovary oblong, many-ovuled; style often very short; capsules oblong to subglobose, loculicidal, 3-valved; seeds flat, 



often narrowly winged on margin. About 50 species, in the temperate regions of the Old World, especially abundant in centr. 



Asia. 



lA. Leaves 15-25 cm. long, 5-10 mm. wide, glaucous, usually gradually narrowed to a small obtuse apex; bracts 2-3 1. T. edulis 



IB. Leaves 10-15 cm. long, 7-15 mm. wide, abrupdy contracted to an obtuse apex, brownish green with a broad white band along the 

 midrib above 2. T. latijolia 



1. Tulipa edulis (Miq.) Bale. Orithya edulis Miq.; O. 

 oxypetala sensu A. Gray non Kunth; Amana edulis (Miq.) 



Honda Amana. Bulbs broadly ovoid, 3-4 cm. long, 



with dark brown outer coat; leaves 2, relatively thick, attached 

 near base of the scape, paired, linear, 15-25 cm. long, 5-10 

 mm. wide, gradually narrowed to an obtuse point, glaucous; 

 scapes slender, 15-30 cm. long, often decumbent, the bracts 

 2 (-3), linear, 2-3 cm. long; flowers 1-3, 2-2.5 cm. long, erect, 

 the pedicels 2-A cm. long, the tepals lanceolate, subobtuse or 

 subacute, white with dark purple striations inside; style 4-5 

 mm. long; capsules nearly globose and angled, about 1.2 cm. 



long and as broad. Mar.-Apr. Meadows in lowlands along 



rivers; Honshu (Kan to Distr. and westw.); Shikoku, Kyushu; 

 common. China. 



2. TuUpa latifolia (Makino) Makino. T. edulis var. 



latijolia Makino; Amana latijolia (Makino) Honda Hiro- 



HA-AMANA. Bulbs ovoid, 3-4 cm. long, the outer coat dark 

 brown, long-pubescent inside; scapes 15-20 cm. long, simple, 

 rarely forked above the leaves; leaves 2, essentially paired, soft, 

 10-15 cm. long, 7-15 mm. wide, brownish green to purplish, 

 with a broad white longitudinal band above, abruptly con- 

 tracted to the obtuse apex; bracts 3, linear, 2-3 cm. long, 1-2 

 mm. wide, equaling to shorter than the pedicels; flowers 

 soUtary, 2-2.5 cm. long, on slender pedicels, the tepals lanceo- 

 late, subobtuse, white with several dark purple nerves inside, 

 green near base; stamens less than half the length of tepals, 

 the filaments flat, broadly lanceolate, greenish, 1.5-2 times as 



long as the anthers. Mar.-Apr. Wooded hills; Honshu 



(Musashi and Ise Prov.) ; rare. 



22. FRITILLARIA L. 



Zoku 



Bulbous herbs with few to many, sometimes jointed scales; scapes simple, erect, leafy; leaves alternate, opposite, or verticillate, 

 rarely attenuate above into a curved point; flowers relatively large, nodding, solitary or few, campanulate, the tepals 6, oblong 

 or ovate, with a depressed nectary gland above the base; filaments filiform or slighdy flattened; ovary 3-carpellate, many-ovuled; 

 style filiform or columnar, entire or 3-lobed; capsules globose to obovoid, angled, loculicidal; seeds flattened, narrowly winged on 

 margin. About 60 species, in the temperate regions of the N. Hemisphere. 



lA. Bulbs with many jointed scales; flowers 1 to several, brown-purple, sometimes greenish 1. F. camtschatcensis 



IB. Bulbs with 2 large inarticulate scales. 



2A. Leaves many, the upper elongate to a hooked point; flowers 1 to several 2. F. verticillata var. thunbergii 



2B. Leaves in 2 whorls, not elongate above, the lower whorl 2-leaved, the upper 3-Ieaved; flowers solitary. 



3A. Flowers narrowly companulate; tepals oblanceolate or linear-oblong, glandular at base, colored net inside absent; filaments and 



style densely papillose 3. F. amabilis 



3B. Flowers broadly campanulate; tepals obovate-oblong, glandular on lower third, colored net inside present 4. F. japonica 



1. Fritillaria camtschatcensis (L.) Ker-Gawl. Lilium gradually narrowed toward the tip, sessile, 7-15 cm. long, 5-10 



camtschatcense L. Kuro-yuri. Bulbs depressed-globose cm. wide, whitish beneath, the upper cauline leaves bractlike 



(a seashore race exists with short stolons), 1.5-3 cm. in diam- and producing a hooked tendrillike point; flowers several or 



eter, the scales many, white short-sdped or jointed; stems 10-50 sometimes solitary, the pedicels 1-2 cm. long, the tepals pale 



cm. long, erect, with few to several whorls of leaves; leaves in yellow, 2.5-3 cm. long, about 1 cm. wide, obsoletely reticulate 



verticils of (2-) 3-5, sessile, 3-7 cm. long, 1-3 cm. wide, sub- inside, oblong, obtuse, with a nectary gland near the base; 



obtuse to subacute, lanceolate to ovate-oblong; flowers 1 to sev- style longer than the stigmas; fruit squarrose with 6 broad 



eral, on short pedicels, nodding, dark brown-purple, broadly wings, die tip retuse. Apr.-May. Chinese plant long 



campanulate, foetid, the tepals rather thick, 2-3 cm. long, 7-10 cultivated in our gardens for medicinal and ornamental pur- 



mm. wide, obtuse, papillose-hairy at apex, die glands nearly poses, sometimes naturalized. The tj'pical phase occurs in 



basal; style 3-parted nearly to the base; capsules obovoid- the Altai Mts. and centr. Asia. 



globose, 2-2.5 cm. long. (June) July-Aug. Hokkaido 3. Fritillaria amabilis Koidz. Hosobana-ko-baimo. 



(rocky places along seashores in eastern distr. and alpine Bulbs globose, 6-8 mm. in diameter, the scales 2, thickened, 

 regions in centr. distr.), Honshu (centr. and n. alpine regions), semiglobose; stems 15-20 cm. long; leaves cauline, consisting 

 Kamchatka, Kuriles, Sakhalin, Ussuri, and N. America. of a pair of opposite leaves near die middle and 3 verticillate 



2. Fritillaria verticillata Willd. var. thunbergii (Miq.) leaves (bracts) above, the lower pair lanceolate or linear- 

 Bak. Uvularia cirrhosa Thunb., non F. cirrhosa Don; F. lanceolate, 4-6 cm. long, 4-10 mm. wide, subacute, sessile, the 



thunbergii Miq. Baimo. Bulbs 1.5-3 cm. in diameter, upper 3 usually smaller, commonly linear, the pedicels about 



scales semiglobose, white, thick, fleshy; stems 30-80 cm. long, 1 cm. long; flowers tubular-campanulate, the tepals oblanceo- 



erect, many-leaved; leaves opposite or ternate, linear-lanceolate, late to linear-oblong, not reticulate, 1.5-2 cm. long, glandular 



