300 



LiLIACEAE 



near the base; filaments and style rather densely papillose. 



Mar.-Apr. Honshu (Chugoku Distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu; 

 rare. 

 4. Fritillaria japonica Miq. var. koidzumiana (Ohwi) 



Hara & Kanai. F. \oidzumiana Ohwi Ko-baimo, Koshino- 



Ko-BAIMO. Bulbs globose, about 1 cm. in diameter, the 



scales 2, thickened, semiglobose; stems 15-20 cm. long, erect; 

 leaves lanceolate to broadly linear, opposite below, the upper 

 verticillate, 4-6 cm. long, 5-18 mm. wide, sessile, obtuse; flow- 

 ers solitary, broadly campanulate, about 2 cm. long and as 



wide, the pedicels about 1 cm. long, recurved, the tepals nar- 

 rowly oblong, 6-7 mm. wide, pale yellow, on the inside retic- 

 ulate, dark purple, loosely fimbriate on margin near middle 



and on midrib inside. Apr.-May. Honshu (Izu, Suruga, 



Echigo, and Iwashiro Prov.) ; rare. 



Var. japonica. F. japonica; F. muraiana Ohwi. Awa- 



Ko-BAiMo, Ko-BAiMO. Closcly resemblcs the preceding but 

 slightly smaller; tepals entire, 16-18 mm. long, 4-5 mm. wide. 

 Apr. Honshu (Ise and Mino Prov.), Shikoku; rare. 



23. ASPARAGUS L. Kusa-sugi-kazura Zoku 



Rhizomatous dioecious herbs or subshrubs; stems erect or sometimes scandent, branching; leaves reduced to scales, the 

 branchlets (cladodes) in their axils functioning as leaves; flowers small, solitary to several in umbels or racemes, bisexual (or 

 plants dioecious), campanulate to tubular, the tepals free or connate below; stamens 6; ovary 3-locular; style simple, the stigmas 



3; fruit a globose berry; seeds 1 to few, globose. About 300 species in the temperate to subtropical regions of the Old World, 



especially in drier areas. 



lA. Flowers 1-2 in axils, campanulate or tubular-campanulate, 5-7 mm. long; pedicels 8-12 mm. long, slender, jointed at or above the 

 middle; cladodes slender, straight; fruit red. 

 2A. Branches nearly terete, slender, smooth; flowers 5-6 mm. long; anthers as long as the filaments; cladodes 1—2 cm. long, slender. 



1 . A. officinalis 

 2B. Branches 3-angled, with semiround tubercles on the angles; flowers 6-7 mm. long; anthers longer than the filaments; cladodes 1-3 



cm. long 2. A. oligoclonos 



IB. Flowers several, fasciculate in axils, rarely 1-2, broadly campanulate or infundibuliform, 2-5 mm. long; pedicels 2—5 mm. long; 

 cladodes often arcuate or falcate. 

 3A. Pedicels jointed near the middle. 



4A. Cladodes 3-6 in a fascicle, straight, 3-angled, acute; roots elongate; flowers about 5 mm. long; fruit red 3. A. kfusianus 



4B. Cladodes 1 or 2(-3) in a fascicle, loosely falcate, lustrous, flattened, 3-angled, acuminate with a short awn at the tip; roots fusi- 

 form; flowers about 2.5 mm. long; fruit whitish 4. A. cochinchinensis 



3B. Pedicels jointed immediately beneath the flowers; roots slender; cladodes 3-7 in a fascicle, 3-angled, acuminate with a short awn 

 at apex, loosely falcate; fruit red 5. A. schoberioides 



1. Asparagus oflBcinalis L. Oranda-kiji-kakushi. 

 Rhizomes short-creeping with stout fibrous roots; stems 1-1.5 

 m. long, smooth, much branched, terete; cladodes slender, 5-8 

 in a fascicle, filiform, acuminate, 1-2 cm. long, straight; flow- 

 ers tubular-campanulate, yellowish green, the pedicels solitary 

 or paired, slender; anthers narrowly ovate, obmse, nearly as 

 long as the filaments; fruit red, globose. May-June. Eu- 

 rope. Cultivated as a vegetable in our gardens. 



2. Asparagus oligoclonos Maxim. A. tamaboki Yatabe 



Tamaeoki, Tsukushi-tamaeoki. Rhizomes short, with 



elongate roots; stems 50-100 cm. long, much branched above, 

 erect, striate, angled, minutely scabrous when dried; cladodes 

 1-8 in a fascicle, linear, acute, straight, angled, 1-3.5 cm. long, 

 deep green; flowers paired or solitary, 6-7 mm. long, tubular- 

 campanulate, yellowish green, the pedicels jointed at or above 

 the middle, 8-9 mm. long; anthers narrowly ovate-lanceolate, 



mucronate, longer than the filaments; fruit red. May-June. 



Mountains; Kyushu. Korea, Manchuria, Amur, and Ussuri. 



3. Asparagus kiusianus Makino. Hama-tamaboki. 

 Rhizomes short, with elongate roots; stems angled, 50-80 cm. 

 long, much branched, the branchlets angled, scaberulous; clad- 

 odes (l-)3-6 in a fascicle, straight, deep green, 3-angled, 

 acute, 1-1.5(-1.8) cm. long; flowers yellow-green, 2-6 in axils, 

 about 5 mm. long, campanulate-infundibuliform, the pedicels 

 2.5-4 mm. long, jointed near the middle; anthers oblong, 

 mucronulate, longer than the filament; fruit red. Near sea- 

 shores; Kyushu (Hizen and Chikuzen Prov.). 



4. Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. Melan- 

 thium cochinchinense Lour.; A. lucidus Lindl. Kusa-sugi- 

 kazura, Temmondo. Rhizomes short, the adventitious roots 



fusiform; stems subscandent, 1-2 m. long, the branches slender, 

 acutely angled, nearly smooth; cladodes 1-2 in a fascicle, lin- 

 ear, flattened, 3-angled, acuminate with a short awn at apex, 

 1-2 cm. long, 1-1.2 mm. wide, somewhat falcate, lustrous; 

 flowers 1-3, pale yellow-green, campanulate-infundibuliform, 

 about 3 mm. long, the pedicels 2-5 mm. long, jointed near the 

 middle; anthers ovate-elliptic, obtuse, shorter than the fila- 

 ments; fruit whitish. May. Near seashores; Hokkaido 



(naturalized), Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus, For- 

 mosa, China, and Korea. 



Var. pygmaeus (Makino) Ohwi. A. lucidus var. pygmaeus 



Makino; A. pygmaeus (Makino) Makino Tachi-temmon- 



Do. Stems erect, 15-20 cm. long. Cultivated in our gar- 

 dens. 



5. Asparagus schoberioides Kunth. A. wrightii A. 

 Gray; A. parviflorus Turcz.; A. sieboldii Maxim.; A. rigidulus 



Nakai Kiji-kakushi. Roots elongate; stems 50-100 cm. 



long, much branched above, the branchlets acutely angled, 

 papillose on the angles; cladodes 3-7 in a fascicle, narrowly 

 linear, flattened with a raised rib on one side, somewhat fal- 

 cate, 1-2 cm. long, acuminate, short-awned at the tip; flowers 

 2-4 in the axils, broadly campanulate, 2.5-3 mm. long, pale 

 greenish yellow, the pedicels short, 1-2 mm. long, jointed 

 near the top; anthers cordate, much shorter than the filaments; 

 fruit red. ^May-July. Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyu- 

 shu. Sakhalin, Korea, Ussuri, Dahuria, Manchuria, China, 



and Formosa. 



Var. subsetaceus Franch. Hosoba-kiji-kakushi. The 

 cladodes more slender. Occurs with tlie typical phase. 



