302 



LiLIACEAE 



2. Polygonatum humile Fisch. P. officinale var. hu- 

 mile (Fisch.) Bak. Hime-izui. Rhizomes elongate, slen- 

 der, 3-4 mm. in diameter; stems erect, 15-30 cm. long, angled; 

 leaves oblong-lanceolate, 4-7 cm. long, 1.5-3 cm. wide, sessile, 

 the nerves loosely papillose beneath; flowers 1 to 2, yellowish 

 green, 15-18 mm. long, the pedicels 7-15 mm. long, the fila- 

 ments slightly papillose, the anthers deltoid-lanceolate, 3-3.5 



mm. long, slightly shorter than the filaments. June-July. 



Meadows and thin woods in lowlands from sea level to the 

 foot of the mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. 



distr.), Kyushu. Sakhalin, Kuriles, Korea, Manchuria to 



Siberia. 



3. Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce var. pluri- 

 florum (Miq.) Ohwi. P. officinale var. pluriflorum Miq.; P. 

 odoratum var. japonicum Hara, excl. syn.; P. japonicum sensu 

 auct. Japon., non Morr. & Decne.; P. officinale sensu auct. 



Japon., non All. Amadokoro. Rhizomes elongate, 4-7 



mm. in diameter, the internodes long; stems angled, 30-60 cm. 

 long, ascending above; leaves oblong to narrowly oblong, 

 nearly sessile, 5-10 cm. long, 2-5 cm. wide, glabrous, usually 

 glaucous beneath; flowers 1-2, axillary, white, greenish near 

 the tip, 15-20 mm. long, the pedicels 0.8-2 cm. long; filaments 

 minutely papillose, the anthers about 4 mm. long, equaling to 



slightly longer than the filaments. Apr.-May. Meadows 



and thin woods in lowlands and foothills; Hokkaido, Honshu, 



Shikoku, Kyushu; common. Korea and China. The typical 



phase occurs elsewhere in the temperate regions of the Old 

 World. 



Var. thunbergii (Morr. & Decne.) Hara. P. thunbergii 

 Morr. & Decne.; P. giganteum var. (?) thunbergii (Morr. & 

 Decne.) Maxim.; P. japonicum Morr. & Decne.; P. officinale 

 var. japonicum (Morr. & Decne.) Miq.; P. odoratum var. 



japonicum (Morr. & Decne.) Hara Yama-amadokoro. 



Plant rather stout; stems 50-100 cm. long; leaves 8-15 cm. 

 long, widi minute papillae on the nerves beneath; flowers 2- 

 2.5 cm. long. Apr.-May. Mountains; Honshu. 



Var. maximowiczii (F. Schmidt) Koidz. P. maximowic- 

 zii F. Schmidt; P. officinale var. maximowiczii (F. Schmidt) 

 Maxim.; P. japonicum var. maximowiczii (F. Schmidt) Nakai; 



P. hondoense Nakai O-amadokoro. Plant stout, 60-100 



cm. high; leaves 10-20 cm. long, 3-8 cm. wide, the nerves 

 beneath with minute papillae; flowers (l-)2-4, axillary, 22-25 



mm. long. May- June. Hokkaido, Honshu (n. distr.). 



s. Kuriles, Sakhalin, and Ussuri. 



4. Polygonatum macranthum (Maxim.) Koidz. P. 

 giganteum var. macranthum Maxim.; P. silvicolum Makino; 



P. sadoense Nakai; P. iyoense Nakai O-naruko-yuri, 



Yama-naruko-yuri, Oni-naruko-yuri. Rhizomes stout; 



stems erect, ascending above, stout, slightly glaucous, (40-) 80- 

 130 cm. long, greenish, terete; leaves usually narrowly oblong 

 to broadly lanceolate, glabrous, 15-30 cm. long, 5-12 cm. wide, 

 glaucescent beneath; flowers (l-)3-4, axillary, pale green, 

 (25-)30-35 mm. long, tubular, gradually narrowed at base; 

 filaments minutely papillose, the anthers 4.5-5.5 mm. long, 



shorter than the filaments. May-July. Mountains, woods; 



Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. 



5. Polygonatum trichosanthum Koidz. Maruea-osei. 

 Stems more than 60 cm. high, terete, glabrous; leaves ovate, 

 7.5-13.5 cm. long, 2.5-5.5 cm. wide, glaucescent beneath, the 

 nerves slightly scabrous; flowers 3-4, glabrous, about 18 mm. 

 long, the pedicels glabrous; filaments longer than the anthers. 



Cultivated in Tokyo, but said to occur in Kyushu (Cape 



Nomo in Hizen Prov.). 



6. Polygonatum falcatum A. Gray. P. canaliculatum 

 var. sublanceolatum Miq.; P. giganteum var. falcatum (A. 

 Gray) Maxim.; P. falcatum var. tenuiflorum (Koidz.) Ohwi; 



P. tenuiflorum Koidz.; P. petiolatum Lev. ^Naruko-yuri. 



Rhizomes stout, creeping, with approximate nodes; stems te- 

 rete, 50-80 cm. long, ascending above; leaves lanceolate to nar- 

 rowly so, sessile, 8-13 cm. long, 1.8-2.5 cm. wide, tapered at 

 both ends, the apex obtuse, glabrous above often with a white 

 longitudinal band in the center, slightly scabrous beneath on 

 the nerves, papillose; flowers (l-)3-5 in an axillary umbel or 

 corymb, greenish white, about 2 cm. long, usually contracted 

 into a short stipe at base, the pedicels slender, shorter than the 

 peduncle; filaments nearly smooth, the anthers about 3 mm. 



long, shorter than the filaments. May-June. Hills and low 



mountains; Hokkaido (according to Miyabe and Kudo), Hon- 

 shu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea. 



7. Polygonatum inflatum Komar. P. nipponicum Ma- 

 kino ^Midori-yoraku. Glabrous glaucescent herb from 



elongate creeping rhizomes 4-5 mm. in diameter, the inter- 

 nodes elongate; stems 30-60 cm. long, rather stout, ascending 

 and angled above; leaves 5-9, oblong, rather thin, glabrous, 

 short-petiolate, 10-15 cm. long, 4-7 cm. wide, glaucous be- 

 neath; peduncles 3- to 7-flowered, 1.5-3 cm. long, with 3-7 

 bracts at the apex, the bracts thinly membranous, broadly 

 lanceolate, acuminate, l-nerved, slightly folded, 4-8 mm. long, 

 pale green; flowers pale green, 22-25 mm. long, urceolate- 

 tubular, the pedicels nearly as long as the bracts, the perianth 

 inside partially pubescent; anthers about 4 mm. long, about 



half as long as the filaments. June. Mountains; Kyushu; 



rare. Korea and Manchuria. 



8. Polygonatum cryptanthum Lev. & Van't. P. fauriei 



Lev. & Van't.; P. taquetii Lev. & Van't. Usugi-wani- 



GucHi-so. Rhizomes creeping, the internodes relatively long; 

 stems 20-40 cm. long, terete below, angled above; leaves 5-6, 

 subsessile, ovate to elliptic, 3-4.5 cm. long, 2-3.5 cm. wide, 

 prominently papillose on margin, on the nerves beneath, or 

 sometimes on both sides; peduncles arcuately recurved, 3-6 

 mm. long, flattened, densely papillose, the bracts 2 (-3), 7-10 

 mm. long, attached at the top of the peduncle, ovate, many- 

 nerved, papillose; flowers yellow-green, 10-13 mm. long, gla- 

 brous, the pedicels 1-3 mm. long; anthers about 2.5 mm. long, 

 the filaments smooth, nearly filiform, shorter than the anthers. 

 May. Kyushu (Tsushima) . s. Korea. 



9. Polygonatum desoulavyi Komar. var. yezoense (Mi- 

 yabe & Tatew.) Satake. P. mediobracteatum var. yezoense 

 Miyabe & Tatew.; P. desoulavyi var. mediobracteatum (Ohwi) 



Satake; P. mediobracteatum Ohwi K6rai-waniguchi-so, 



Ezo-waniguchi-so. Rhizomes elongate, 3-4 mm. in diameter, 

 with relatively long internodes; stems terete, ascending and 

 angled above, 20-40 cm. long, 5- to 8-leaved; leaves oblong, 5- 

 10 cm. long, 2-4 cm. wide, sessile, papillose only slightly on 

 nerves beneath; peduncles arcuate and reclined, the pedicels 

 8-12 mm. long, nearly as long as the peduncle; bracts 2, at- 

 tached to the pedicels about the middle or lower, lanceolate or 

 narrowly ovate, 2-2.5 cm. long, 5-8 mm. wide, many-nerved, 

 the margin usually papillose; flowers about 2 cm. long, white 

 with a green tip, glabrous; filaments about 4 mm. long, nearly 



smooth, as long as the anthers. June. Hokkaido (Mako- 



manai in Ishikari Prov.) ; rare.- — —Korea. The typical phase 

 occurs in Ussuri and Korea. 



10. Polygonatum miserum Satake. Ko-waniguchi-so. 

 Rhizomes slender, much elongate, 2-3 mm. in diameter, with 



