304 



LiLIACEAE 



linear, 6-8 mm. long, the pedicels pubescent, 1-4 cm. long, 

 elongating slightly after anthesis, ascending to obliquely 

 spreading, the tepals white, somewhat spreading, 12-15 mm. 

 long, narrowly oblong; anthers oblong, the style deeply 3-fid; 

 berry globose, deep blue to nearly black, about 1 cm. in di- 



ameter, the seeds ovoid, about 3 mm. long, shining brown. 



May-July. Damp coniferous woods in high mountains; 



Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. distr. and Mount Omine 



in Yamato). ^Kuriles, Sakhalin, Manchuria, China, and e. 



Siberia. 



28. SMILACINA Desf. 



YUKIZASA ZOKU 



Perennial herbs from creeping rhizomes; stems simple, erect at base, few-leaved, usually ascending above; leaves flat, usually 

 oblong or elliptic, with several longitudinal nerves; inflorescence terminal, racemose or paniculate, the flowers small, bisexual, or 

 the plants sometimes dioecious, the tepals ascending to spreading, free or nearly so, persistent, the anthers ovate, introrse; 



ovary globose, 3-locular, the ovules 2 in each locule; style short, the stigma 3-fid or nearly entire; berry globose, few seeded. 



About 20 species, in the temperate regions of the Himalayas, e. Asia, and N. America, 1 in Siberia. 



lA. Flowers bisexual; stigma entire or obsolete, 3-Iobed. 



2A. Rhizomes long-creeping, with elongate slender internodes; stems 30-70 cm. long 1. S. japonica 



2B. Rhizomes short-creeping, with short thickened internodes; stems stout, 80-150 cm. long 2. S. robusta 



IB. Flowers unisexual, the plants dioecious; stigma in the pistillate flowers deeply 3-cle£t. 



3A. Stigma-lobes ovate, spreading, scarcely recurved; pedicels pilose; pistillate perianth whitish in fruit; stems not striate. 



3. S. hondoensis 



3B. Stigma-lobes lanceolate, recurved above; pedicels nearly glabrous; pistillate perianth purple-brown in fruit; staminate perianth 



greenish; stems distinctly striate 4. 5. yesoensis 



1. Smilacina japonica A. Gray. S. hirta Maxim.; S. long, the filaments white, subulate, the anthers about 0.7 mm. 



trinervis Miyabe & Kudo Yukizasa. Rhizomes creep- long; style very short, the stigma lobes short and thick. 



ing, elongate, slender, 4-6 mm. in diameter; stems erect, sim- June-Aug. Mountains; Honshu (Kotsuke and Shimotsuke 



pie, sparsely hirsute, ascending above; leaves 5-7, narrowly Prov.) ; rather rare. 



oblong to elliptic, sometimes broadly ovate, 6-15 cm. long, 2-5 3. Smilacina hondoensis Ohwi. Yamato-yukizasa, 

 cm. wide, the tip abruptly narrowed, obtuse, rounded at the Oea-yukizasa. Dioecious perennial; rhizomes stout, creep- 

 base, sessile or the lower ones short-petioled, pilose especially ing, about 7 mm. in diameter; stems stout, leafy, erect at base, 

 beneath; inflorescence paniculate, terminal, rather densely hir- ascending above, 8- to 11-leaved, the indument short-spreading; 

 sute, the flowers whitish; style nearly as long as the ovary, the leaves oblong to broadly ovate, short-petioled, 10-15 cm. long, 

 stigma entire or very shallowly 3-lobed. M ay-July. Woods 3-6 cm. wide, abruptly narrowed to an subobtuse tip, rounded 

 and thickets in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyu- at the base, short-pubescent on both sides especially beneath, 



shu; rather common. Korea, Manchuria, China, Ussuri, or glabrescent above; inflorescence paniculate, rather densely 



and Amur. short-pubescent, the tepals in the staminate flowers nearly as 



Var. mandshurica Maxim. 0-yukizasa. Plants larger, long as the stamens, the anthers small and abortive in the 



more leafy with about 10 narrowly oblong leaves. Kyushu pistillate flowers; style short, the stigmas 3. June-July. 



(Tsushima). Korea and Manchuria. Woods in mountains; Honshu (centr. to n. distr. and Yamato 



2. Smilacina robusta Makino & Honda. S. japonica Prov.). 



var. robusta (Makino & Honda) Ohwi Haruna-yukizasa. 4. Smilacina yesoensis Fr. & Sav. S. viridiflora Nakai 



Stout perennial from densely noded moniliform rhizomes Hiroha-no-yukizasa, Midori-yukizasa. Dioecious per- 



5-10 cm. long and 7-15 mm. in diameter; stems erect, ascend- ennial; rhizomes creeping, fleshy, 4-7 mm. in diameter; stems 



ing above, stout, 80-150 cm. long, simple, to 2 cm. in di- relatively stout, 7- to 11-leaved, glabrous or scattered pilose 



ameter near the base, glabrescent and pale purplish in lower above; leaves oblong, rounded at the base, short-petioled, 7-20 



part, leafy except at base; leaves lanceolate-oblong to ovate- cm. long, 2.5-8 cm. wide, glabrous above, scattered pilose be- 



oblong, 15-20 cm. long, 6-9 cm. wide, abruptly narrowed to an neath; staminate inflorescence a many-flowered panicle, the 



obtuse tip, rounded and short-petioled at the base, green and pistillate a simple raceme or with 1 or 2 short branches below, 



short-pubescent above, rather densely pubescent and glauces- the axis often glabrous and angled; tepals twice as long as the 



cent beneath, the petioles 5-7 mm. long; inflorescence panicu- stamens, greenish in anthesis, in the pistillate flowers chang- 



late, densely pilose, 5-15 cm. long, 3-10 cm. wide, erect, many- ing to purple-brown in fruit; style very short, the stigma-lobes 



flowered, the bracts minute, the flowers bisexual, white, 7 mm. lanceolate, recurved and appressed to the ovary. June-July. 



in diameter, short-pedicelled, the tepals narrowly oblong or Damp coniferous woods; Honshu (centr. and n. distr.), also 



spathulate-oblong, 3.5-4 mm. long, 1-nerved; stamens 2.5 mm. reported from Hokkaido. 



29. MAIANTHEMUM Weber Maizuru-s6 Zoku 



Low herbs from slender long-creeping rhizomes; stems 2-leaved; leaves usually ovate-cordate, petiolate, the sterile radical 

 leaves solitary, long-petioled; inflorescence an erect terminal raceme, the flowers bisexual, white, small, pedicellate, the tepals 

 4 in 2 series, free, obliquely spreading, oblong; ovary 2-locular, the ovules 2 in each carpel; style solitary, columnar, relatively 



short, the stigma small; berry globose, 1- to 3-seeded; seeds globose to ovoid, pale brown. About 3 species, in the temperate 



regions of the N. Hemisphere. 



