308 



LiLIACEAE 



and No. 3 with rather larger sepals, well-developed purple 

 orbicular or ovate-orbicular petals about 2 cm. long and as 



wide; anthers 6-7 mm. long, the filaments 1-2 mm. long. 



sw. Hokkaido. 



2. Trillium tschonoskii Maxim. Shirobana-enrei-s6. 

 Leaves rhombic-orbicular to depressed-orbicular, 7-17 cm. 

 long and as wide; sepals broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 

 subacute, green, herbaceous, 2-2.5 cm. long; petals white, 

 ovate, subacute, slightly longer than the sepals; anthers (4-) 

 6-8 mm. long, the connective slightly produced above, the 

 filaments 3-8 mm. long; ovary conical-ovoid; stigma rather 

 thick; berry about 15 mm. in diameter. Apr.-June. Moun- 

 tains; Honshu, Shikoku. ^Korea. ^Forma violaceum Ma- 



kino. MuRASAKi-ENREi-so. Petals rarely pale purple or rose- 

 purple. 

 3. Trillium kamtschaticum Pall. T. obovatum sensu 



auct. Japon., non Pursh; T. pallasii Hult. Obana-no-enrei- 



s6. Leaves ovate to rhombic-orbicular, sometimes depressed, 

 7-15 cm. long and as wide, 3- to 5-nerved; sepals broadly 

 lanceolate to ovate-oblong, 2.5-4 cm. long, obtuse, sometimes 

 subacute, herbaceous, green, the petals white, ovate or elliptic, 

 2.5-4.5 cm. long, obtuse; anthers linear, (10-) 12-15 mm. long, 

 the filaments 3-5 mm. long; ovary conical; stigma rather thick. 

 ^May-June. Hokkaido. Kuriles, Sakhalin, Korea, Man- 

 churia, Ussuri, and Kamchatka. 



37. LIRIOPE Lour. Yabu-ran Zoku 



Glabrous perennial herbs from short rhizomes, stolons sometimes also present; leaves radical, linear, tufted; scapes naked, 

 terete, angled or slightly compressed, simple; inflorescence racemose, terminal; flowers relatively small, or short, jointed with the 

 pedicels, pale purple or white, semiglobose to campanulate, bracteate; tepals 6, free, equal, ascending, membranous, persistent but 

 withering in fruit; stamens 6, the filaments linear, the anthers oblong, obtuse; ovary superior, 3-locular with 2 ovules in each 

 locule; style solitary, columnar, the stigma small; carpels soon splitting and exposing the seeds; seeds 1 to few, globose, rather 

 fleshy, usually dark purple. Few species, in the warmer regions of e. Asia. 



lA. Leaves 2-3 mm. wide; scapes 10-15(-20) cm. long, relatively few-flowered I. L. minor 



IB. Leaves (3-)4-I2 mm. wide; scapes 25-50 cm. long, many-flowered. 



2A. Leaves (3-)4-7 mm. wide; plants usually stoloniferous; flowers relatively loose 2. L. spicata 



2B. Leaves (7-) 8-12 mm. wide; plants usually without stolons; flowers many, dense 3. L. platyphylla 



1. Liriope minor (Maxim.) Makino. Ophiopogon spi- 40 cm. long, 4-7 mm. wide; scapes obtusely angled, 25-40 cm. 

 catus var. minor Maxim.; L. graminifolia var. minor (Maxim.) long; racemes 8-12 cm. long, many-flowered; flowers 2-5 in 

 Bak.; L. spicata var. minor (Maxim.) Wright; Mondo to\yo. the axil of a bract, pale purple, the pedicels 3-6 mm. long, 



ense Nakai Hime-yabu-ran. Plants rhizomatous and jointed at or above the middle, the tepals about 4 mm. long; 



with slender stolons; leaves narrowly linear, 10-20 cm. long, seeds blackish. July-Sept. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. 



2-3 mm. wide, 5- to 7-nerved, obtuse, subcoriaceous, slightly Ryukyus and China. 



arcuate above; scapes 10-15 cm. long, slender, slightiy flattened 3. Liriope platyphylla F. T. Wang & Tang. Ophiopo- 



and obtusely angled; racemes 1-5 cm. long, about 10-flowered, gon spicatus vsr. communis Maxim.; L. graminifolia var. 



the bracts and bracteoles membranous, small, the pedicels 2-4 densiftora Bak.; L. spicata var. densiflora (Bak.) Wright; L. 



mm. long, 1- to 3-nate, jointed below the flower or above the muscari L. H. Bailey, excl. syn. Decne. Yabu-ran. Rhi- 



middle; tepals pale purple, about 4 mm. long; seeds globose, zomes thick, short, fasciculate; leaves deep green, flat, 30-50 



purple-black, 4-5 mm. in diameter. June-Sept. Thickets cm. long, 8-12 mm. wide, obtuse, 11- to 15-nerved, narrowed 



in lowlands and foothills; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyu- gradually below; scapes 30-50 cm. long, subterete; racemes 



shu; rather common. Ryukyus and China. 8-12 cm. long, many-flowered; flowers few to several in a 



2. Liriope spicata Lour. L. gracilis Nakai (excl. syn. ?) ; group, fascicled, the pedicels 2-5 mm. long, jointed at the mid- 

 Con j/a^/ar/a spicata Thunb.; L. spicata var. \oreana Palib.; L. die or beneath the flower, the tepals pale purple, about 4 mm. 

 \oreana (Palib.) Nakai Ko-yabu-ran, Ryukyu-yabu-ran. long. Aug.-Oct. Honshu (Kanto Distr. and westw.), Shi- 

 Plants stoloniferous, the roots sometimes fusiform; leaves deep koku, Kyushu. Ryukyus, Formosa, and China. 



green, obtuse, gradually narrowed below, 7- to 11-nerved, 30- 



38. OPHIOPOGON Ker-Gawl. Ja-no-hige Zoku 



Rhizomes short and rather stout; plants often with slender stolons; leaves radical, tufted, linear to oblong-linear, coriaceous; 

 scapes simple, the racemes terminal; flowers small, pale purple to white, broadly campanulate, usually nodding, the pedicels 

 jointed at the middle or beneath the flower, the tepals 6, rather thick; stamens 6, the filaments very short, the anthers lan- 

 ceolate, acute; ovary subinferior, 3-locular, the ovules 2 in each locule; style simple, the stigma small; seeds early exposed, 

 globose, usually blue at maturity. More than 10 species, India to e. Asia. 



lA. Leaves (7-) 10-15 mm. wide; pedicels 1-2 cm. long; plants tufted 1. O. jaburan 



IB. Leaves 2-6 mm. wide; pedicels 4-10 mm. long. 



2A. Leaves 4-6 mm. wide; plants stoloniferous 2. 0. planiscapus 



2B. Leaves 2-3 (-4) mm. wide. 



3A. Leaves 10-20(-30) cm. long; plants usually stoloniferous; pedicels less than 8 mm. long 3. O. japonicus 



3B. Leaves 30-40 cm. long, prominently tufted; plants without stolons, pedicels 8-12 mm. long 4. 0. ohwii 



1. Ophiopogon jaburan (Kunth) Lodd. Slateria jabu- nial; leaves linear, 30-80 cm. long, (7-) 10-15 mm. wide, rela- 

 ran Sieb.; Convallaria japonica var. major Thunb.; Flueggea tively thick and lustrous, deep green, 9- to 13-nerved, gradually 

 jaburan Kunth Noshi-ran. Tufted, estoloniferous peren- narrowed above, obtuse, slightly scabridulous on margin, grad- 



